1999AJ....118..705G

Query : 1999AJ....118..705G

1999AJ....118..705G - Astron. J., 118, 705-718 (1999/August-0)

An infrared search for extinguished supernovae in starburst galaxies.

GROSSAN B., SPILLAR E., TRIPP R., PIRZKAL N., SUTIN B.M., JOHNSON P. and BARNABY D.

Abstract (from CDS):

IR and radio-band observations of heavily extinguished regions in starburst galaxies suggest a high supernova (SN) rate associated with such regions. Optically measured SN rates may therefore underestimate the total SN rate by factors of up to 10, as a result of the very high extinction (A_B_∼10-20 mag) to core-collapse SNe in starburst regions. The IR/radio SN rates come from a variety of indirect means, however, which suffer from model dependence and other problems. We describe a direct measurement of the SN rate from a regular patrol of starburst galaxies done with K'-band imaging to minimize the effects of extinction. A collection of K'-band measurements of core-collapse SNe near maximum light is presented. Such measurements (excluding 1987A) are not well reported in the literature.
Result. of a preliminary K'-band search, using the MIRC camera at the Wyoming Infrared Observatory and an improved search strategy using the new ORCA optics, are described. A monthly patrol of a sample of IRAS bright (mostly starburst) galaxies within 25 Mpc should yield 1-6 SNe.yr–1, corresponding to the range of estimated SN rates. Our initial MIRC search with low resolution (2".2 pixels) failed to find extinguished SNe in the IRAS galaxies, limiting the SN rate outside the nucleus (at greater than 15" radius) to less than 3.8 far-IR SN rate units (SNe per century per 1010 L☉ measured at 60 and 100 µm, or FIRSRU) at 90% confidence. The MIRC camera had insufficient resolution to search nuclear starburst regions, where starburst and SN activity is concentrated; therefore, we were unable to rigorously test the hypothesis of high SN rates in heavily obscured star-forming regions. We conclude that high-resolution nuclear SN searches in starburst galaxies with small fields are more productive than low-resolution, large-field searches, even for our sample of large (often several arcminutes) galaxies. With our ORCA high-resolution optics, we could limit the total SN rate to less than 1.3 FIRSRU at 90% confidence in 3 years of observations, lower than most estimates.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): ISM: Dust, Extinction - Galaxies: Nuclei - Galaxies: Starburst - Infrared Radiation - Instrumentation: Miscellaneous - Stars: Supernovae: General

CDS comments: Table A1 : galaxies 0553+03, 0616-08, 0834-26 not identified.

Simbad objects: 231

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Number of rows : 231
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NGC 150 Sy1 00 34 15.4727570592 -27 48 12.824363736   12.04 11.13 10.92 11.7 ~ 194 0
2 NGC 157 Sy2 00 34 46.7879913696 -08 23 47.273597952   11.0 19.00 10.03 10.7 ~ 351 0
3 NGC 247 LSB 00 47 08.554 -20 45 37.44 10.11 9.61 9.10 8.87   ~ 441 2
4 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3335 2
5 NGC 278 H2G 00 52 04.3452013728 +47 33 01.675026036   10.5       ~ 234 1
6 NGC 337 EmG 00 59 50.090 -07 34 40.66 11.97 12.06 11.61 12.4 12.2 ~ 278 1
7 NGC 578 AG? 01 30 28.548 -22 40 01.96   11.72 10.93 10.63 11.6 ~ 170 0
8 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 5838 1
9 NGC 613 AGN 01 34 18.235 -29 25 06.56   10.77 12.71 9.50 10.6 ~ 409 3
10 M 74 G 01 36 41.7451236624 +15 47 01.107512304 10.52 10.00 9.46 9.16   ~ 1734 1
11 NGC 660 Sy2 01 43 02.350 +13 38 44.45   12.02 11.16     ~ 556 2
12 NGC 693 GiC 01 50 30.84747 +06 08 42.7560 13.39 13.24 12.44     ~ 115 2
13 NGC 701 GiG 01 51 03.8830973976 -09 42 09.227365200   12.8   11.59 12.6 ~ 175 0
14 NGC 772 GiP 01 59 19.5557148984 +19 00 27.475677216 11.35 11.09 10.31 10.23 9.38 ~ 325 1
15 NGC 891 H2G 02 22 32.907 +42 20 53.95 11.08 10.81 9.93 7.86   ~ 1666 2
16 NGC 908 Sy1 02 23 04.569 -21 14 01.86   11.03 10.18 9.84 10.6 ~ 192 1
17 NGC 925 H2G 02 27 16.913 +33 34 43.97   10.69 10.12 9.55   ~ 782 1
18 NGC 972 rG 02 34 13.3574389680 +29 18 40.604917356   12.1 13.63     ~ 171 2
19 SN 1984L SN* 02 35 30.54 -07 09 30.3   14.0       SNIb 194 1
20 NGC 991 LSB 02 35 32.6841762360 -07 09 15.862909536   12.36   12.7 12.6 ~ 155 1
21 NGC 1022 GiG 02 38 32.703 -06 40 38.60 12.33 12.09 11.34     ~ 203 1
22 NGC 1055 GiP 02 41 45.233 +00 26 35.45 11.59 11.40 10.59 10.5 10.7 ~ 283 2
23 UGCA 39 GiG 02 41 55.092 +59 36 14.73   16       ~ 350 1
24 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4600 2
25 NGC 1056 Sy2 02 42 48.2914236192 +28 34 26.660028468   13.5       ~ 168 0
26 NGC 1084 GiG 02 45 59.926 -07 34 43.10 11.22 11.59 10.73 10.55 11.1 ~ 368 2
27 NGC 1087 H2G 02 46 25.1550134904 -00 29 55.457857644   11.5   11.4 11.5 ~ 329 0
28 NGC 1156 rG 02 59 42.8528847264 +25 14 28.352017320 12.13 12.32 11.74     ~ 313 1
29 NGC 1187 Sy1 03 02 37.5895048560 -22 52 02.479512648   11.41   10.43 11.2 ~ 218 1
30 NGC 1232 EmG 03 09 45.514 -20 34 45.48   10.67 9.87 9.53 10.2 ~ 289 0
31 IC 1953 GiG 03 33 41.885 -21 28 43.03   12.41   12.3 12.1 ~ 118 0
32 NGC 1385 EmG 03 37 28.323 -24 30 04.60 11.28 11.50 10.94 10.45 11.7 ~ 272 2
33 NGC 1415 EmG 03 40 56.8533432024 -22 33 52.235588808   12.47   11.08   ~ 121 0
34 NGC 1421 EmG 03 42 29.2806642840 -13 29 16.951034724   12.38       ~ 192 0
35 IC 342 SBG 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1516 1
36 UGC 2855 H2G 03 48 20.731 +70 07 58.37   14.6       ~ 137 2
37 UGC 2866 GiG 03 50 15.0019023336 +70 05 40.328180844   15.5       ~ 71 1
38 NGC 1482 EmG 03 54 38.928 -20 30 08.82 13.15 13.14 12.15 11.29   ~ 294 2
39 IC 356 AG? 04 07 46.8869589504 +69 48 44.715725208   13.3       ~ 150 1
40 NGC 1530 AG? 04 23 27.102 +75 17 44.05   13.40       ~ 277 1
41 NGC 1569 IG 04 30 49.186 +64 50 52.52 11.72 11.86 11.03     ~ 1241 3
42 NGC 1637 Sy2 04 41 28.1926876152 -02 51 28.667815488   11.4   11.0 11.3 ~ 418 0
43 IC 391 AG? 04 57 21.103 +78 11 19.50   12.80       ~ 79 0
44 NGC 1832 Sy2 05 12 03.3433348776 -15 41 16.021694220   12.2   11.07 11.8 ~ 237 1
45 NGC 1964 Sy1 05 33 21.66912 -21 56 43.7028 11.79 11.45 10.81 10.42 11.2 ~ 135 2
46 NGC 2139 EmG 06 01 07.963 -23 40 20.35   12.10 11.71 11.28 12.1 ~ 152 0
47 NGC 2146 SBG 06 18 37.710 +78 21 25.27 11.67 11.38 10.59     ~ 720 2
48 NGC 2283 AG? 06 45 52.7901073776 -18 12 37.550287368   12.94   10.72 11.8 ~ 60 0
49 NGC 2276 AG? 07 27 14.485 +85 45 16.20   12.3       ~ 375 0
50 NGC 2403 AGN 07 36 51.3381434280 +65 36 09.650825640 9.31 8.84 8.38 8.19   ~ 1788 1
51 NGC 2681 LIN 08 53 32.7183058512 +51 18 49.159212120 11.40 11.09 10.29     ~ 318 1
52 NGC 2748 GiG 09 13 43.03707 +76 28 31.2310   11.7       ~ 203 0
53 NGC 2798 GiP 09 17 22.9 +42 00 00 13.03 13.04 12.32     ~ 325 3
54 APG 283 PaG 09 17 26.99 +41 59 48.8   12.2       ~ 193 1
55 NGC 2820 GiP 09 21 45.564 +64 15 28.87   13.1       ~ 162 0
56 NGC 2841 LIN 09 22 02.6778711696 +50 58 35.737082868 10.43 10.09 9.22     ~ 1073 1
57 NGC 2905 H2G 09 32 10.111 +21 30 02.99 10.44 9.75 9.07 8.68   ~ 1116 3
58 NGC 2964 GiP 09 42 54.251 +31 50 49.97   12.0       ~ 275 1
59 NGC 2992 Sy2 09 45 42.045 -14 19 34.90 13.54 13.14 12.18 12.6 12.2 ~ 889 3
60 NGC 2976 GiP 09 47 15.458 +67 54 58.97 11.77 11.03 10.16 9.51   ~ 672 1
61 V* IX UMa dS* 09 48 44.6446952064 +43 39 55.608399468 8.12 8.00 7.90 7.80 7.77 A2II 60 0
62 NGC 2985 Sy1 09 50 22.233 +72 16 43.13   11.37 10.61     ~ 251 1
63 NGC 3044 AG? 09 53 40.884 +01 34 46.74   12.7   12.7 12.3 ~ 222 1
64 SN 1993J SN* 09 55 24.77476 +69 01 13.7026   10.8 12.0     SNIIb 1415 1
65 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4447 3
66 M 82 AGN 09 55 52.430 +69 40 46.93 9.61 9.30 8.41     ~ 5857 6
67 NGC 3067 GiG 09 58 21.0726714528 +32 22 12.012636108   12.7       ~ 243 1
68 NGC 3079 Sy2 10 01 57.8789863992 +55 40 47.449758324 11.57 11.54 10.86     ~ 1391 3
69 NGC 3077 GiP 10 03 19.0965510921 +68 44 01.556166166 11.23 10.85 10.14 9.74   ~ 770 0
70 NGC 3166 GiP 10 13 45.7270131936 +03 25 29.310401424   11.2       ~ 234 0
71 NGC 3169 GiP 10 14 15.0379414272 +03 27 57.941639856   13.46 12.41     ~ 364 1
72 NGC 3177 AGN 10 16 34.1454628296 +21 07 23.000346984   12.8       ~ 146 0
73 NGC 3147 Sy2 10 16 53.6388580752 +73 24 02.641798224   11.43 10.61     ~ 490 2
74 NGC 3180 GiG 10 18 16.985 +41 25 27.77   10.4       ~ 734 0
75 NGC 3198 EmG 10 19 54.990 +45 32 58.88 10.83 10.87 10.33     ~ 905 1
76 NGC 3227 Sy1 10 23 30.5765149296 +19 51 54.282206700   12.61 11.79     ~ 1703 1
77 NGC 3294 AG? 10 36 16.2564642096 +37 19 29.049225924   11.5       ~ 201 0
78 NGC 3310 AGN 10 38 45.85707 +53 30 11.8940   12.45 12.15     ~ 773 1
79 NGC 3344 EmG 10 43 31.150 +24 55 19.99 10.38 10.54 9.86 9.71   ~ 406 1
80 M 95 GiP 10 43 57.7313485800 +11 42 13.301191332 10.71 10.51 9.73 9.48   ~ 1121 2
81 NGC 3353 AGN 10 45 22.390 +55 57 37.36 12.90 13.25 12.79     ~ 359 1
82 M 96 GiP 10 46 45.744 +11 49 11.78 10.42 10.15 9.25 8.99   ~ 819 1
83 NGC 3395 GiP 10 49 50.1160141680 +32 58 58.421838360   12.1 12.10     ~ 277 2
84 APG 270 PaG 10 49 51.2 +32 58 58           ~ 185 0
85 NGC 3396 GiP 10 49 55.939 +32 59 26.44   12.6 12.50     ~ 205 1
86 NGC 3424 GiP 10 51 46.322 +32 54 02.44   13.2       ~ 163 1
87 NGC 3432 AG? 10 52 31.132 +36 37 07.60   11.81 11.67 11.29   ~ 298 1
88 NGC 3437 EmG 10 52 35.7533541720 +22 56 02.883954120   12.575 11.961 11.474 10.818 ~ 184 1
89 NGC 3448 AG? 10 54 39.240 +54 18 18.82   12.2       ~ 220 1
90 NGC 3486 Sy2 11 00 23.946 +28 58 29.35 10.89 11.11 10.53 10.40   ~ 354 1
91 NGC 3504 LIN 11 03 11.3 +27 58 21   13.48 12.93     ~ 524 2
92 NGC 3511 EmG 11 03 23.8201544712 -23 05 12.133861188   11.66   10.53 11.1 ~ 157 0
93 NGC 3521 G 11 05 48.5680991376 -00 02 09.245076540 10.06 9.83 9.02 10.1 9.6 ~ 817 2
94 M 108 SBG 11 11 30.967 +55 40 26.84   10.70       ~ 471 1
95 NGC 3583 GiP 11 14 10.979 +48 19 06.16   11.6       ~ 203 1
96 NGC 3593 GiG 11 14 36.9731893800 +12 49 05.497790664   11.8       ~ 359 2
97 M 65 GiP 11 18 55.9084654776 +13 05 32.300703672   9.6       ~ 445 1
98 M 66 GiP 11 20 15.0 +12 59 29 9.85 9.65 8.92     ~ 1386 4
99 NGC 3628 GiP 11 20 17.018 +13 35 22.16   10.42 9.48 9.22   ~ 826 3
100 NGC 3631 AG? 11 21 02.8871865144 +53 10 10.415331660   11.0       ~ 359 1
101 NGC 3655 Sy2 11 22 54.6356867928 +16 35 24.235700100   12.575 11.904 11.366 10.732 ~ 183 0
102 NGC 3672 Sy2 11 25 02.4824415408 -09 47 43.360336932   11.9   10.80 11.6 ~ 195 0
103 NGC 3675 GiG 11 26 08.5641089832 +43 35 09.587062464   11.04   9.57   ~ 284 1
104 NGC 3683 H2G 11 27 31.890 +56 52 36.15   12.7       ~ 187 0
105 NGC 3690 IG 11 28 31.0 +58 33 41   13.19 12.86     ~ 978 4
106 NAME NGC 3690 West GiP 11 28 31.02 +58 33 40.7   11.8       ~ 629 4
107 NAME NGC 3690 East AGN 11 28 33.07 +58 33 54.2   11.8       ~ 631 4
108 NGC 3726 GiG 11 33 21.1367545656 +47 01 45.280222428   11.11   10.02   ~ 354 0
109 NGC 3735 Sy2 11 35 57.2748856320 +70 32 07.951921080   12.4       ~ 186 2
110 NGC 3810 GiG 11 40 58.7615811624 +11 28 15.808680696   11.4       ~ 335 2
111 NGC 3877 GiG 11 46 07.782 +47 29 40.20   11.8       ~ 324 0
112 NGC 3885 Sy2 11 46 46.4536031880 -27 55 20.056518516 12.19 12.68 11.89 11.46   ~ 129 1
113 NGC 3887 Sy2 11 47 04.563 -16 51 16.71   11.4   10.37 10.9 ~ 147 0
114 NGC 3893 GiP 11 48 38.207 +48 42 38.84   11.23 10.67     ~ 369 1
115 NGC 3938 GiG 11 52 49.4335936248 +44 07 14.697085116 10.80 10.90 10.38     ~ 533 1
116 NGC 3949 GiG 11 53 41.7311041896 +47 51 31.401451476   10.9       ~ 335 1
117 NGC 3953 GiG 11 53 49.0086582552 +52 19 36.475395312   11.08   9.71   ~ 359 0
118 NGC 3955 EmG 11 53 57.1547672856 -23 09 51.315942528   12.30 11.90 11.19   ~ 97 0
119 NGC 3981 GiP 11 56 07.445 -19 53 46.24   11.75   10.25 11.7 ~ 109 0
120 NGC 3982 Sy1 11 56 28.1445516072 +55 07 30.859586652   12.20 11.70 11.18   ~ 550 1
121 NGC 4013 GiG 11 58 31.417 +43 56 49.28   12.4       ~ 423 1
122 NGC 4027 AG? 11 59 30.168 -19 15 54.62   11.71 11.10 10.60 11.5 ~ 244 1
123 NGC 4030 GiP 12 00 23.6102390784 -01 06 00.197099136   11.42   10.3 10.4 ~ 340 1
124 NGC 4038 EmG 12 01 53.002 -18 52 03.32   10.91   9.74 11.0 ~ 1332 1
125 NAME Antennae IG 12 01 53.170 -18 52 37.92           ~ 1691 0
126 NGC 4039 GiP 12 01 53.51 -18 53 10.3   11.08   9.77   ~ 1160 1
127 NGC 4041 SyG 12 02 12.2376697152 +62 08 14.096124312   11.6       ~ 252 1
128 NGC 4045 AGN 12 02 42.2505701136 +01 58 36.362990064   13.144   16.938 12.1 ~ 198 0
129 NGC 4051 Sy1 12 03 09.6101337312 +44 31 52.682601288   11.08 12.92 9.94   ~ 2165 1
130 NGC 4085 GiP 12 05 22.7304442992 +50 21 10.608113412   13.93 12.83     ~ 186 0
131 NGC 4088 GiP 12 05 34.2230093952 +50 32 21.064017876   11.2       ~ 407 1
132 NGC 4096 GiG 12 06 01.161 +47 28 42.09   11.61   10.86   ~ 255 0
133 NGC 4100 GiG 12 06 08.602 +49 34 56.32   11.7       ~ 252 0
134 NGC 4102 Sy2 12 06 23.0 +52 42 40   11.8       ~ 422 1
135 NGC 4123 AGN 12 08 11.1187718376 +02 52 41.781736956   13.1       ~ 340 2
136 NGC 4157 GiP 12 11 04.365 +50 29 04.85 12.48 12.15 11.35     ~ 353 2
137 M 98 LIN 12 13 48.2910686976 +14 54 01.953475200 11.25 10.95 10.14     ~ 481 1
138 NGC 4216 GiP 12 15 54.444 +13 08 57.84 11.51 10.99 10.01     ~ 403 1
139 M 106 Sy2 12 18 57.620 +47 18 13.39   9.14 8.41 8.11   ~ 2364 3
140 NGC 4298 GiP 12 21 32.7578814360 +14 36 22.048690716   12.04 11.34     ~ 327 1
141 M 61 Sy2 12 21 54.9282582888 +04 28 25.597367184 10.07 10.18 9.65     ~ 996 2
142 NGC 4332 GiG 12 22 46.820 +65 50 37.31   13.2       ~ 79 0
143 M 100 AGN 12 22 54.9299993592 +15 49 20.296257960 10.04 10.05 9.35     ~ 1845 2
144 NGC 4369 GiG 12 24 36.204 +39 22 58.73   12.3       ~ 189 1
145 NGC 4383 AGN 12 25 25.5 +16 28 12 12.41 12.67 12.12     ~ 252 1
146 NGC 4388 Sy2 12 25 46.820 +12 39 43.45 11.91 11.76 11.02     ~ 1340 2
147 NGC 4402 GiP 12 26 07.65312 +13 06 47.9376   12.55       ~ 401 2
148 NGC 4414 GiG 12 26 27.1276893168 +31 13 24.626206488 11.12 10.96 10.12     ~ 566 2
149 NGC 4355 Sy2 12 26 54.6206739120 -00 52 39.421212996   14.21 13.37     ~ 491 2
150 NGC 4419 LIN 12 26 56.4505296720 +15 02 50.688833388 12.42 12.08 11.16     ~ 401 2
151 NGC 4438 LIN 12 27 45.6705493536 +13 00 31.708096380 11.37 11.02 10.17     ~ 635 2
152 NGC 4490 GiP 12 30 34.5 +41 38 26 10.03 10.22 9.79     ~ 574 3
153 SN 1994D SN* 12 34 02.395 +07 42 05.70   11.75 12.03     SNIa 542 1
154 IRAS 12315+0758 GiG 12 34 03.029 +07 41 56.90   10.6       ~ 670 0
155 NGC 4527 GiP 12 34 08.4 +02 39 15   12.4       ~ 532 2
156 NGC 4532 GiP 12 34 19.329 +06 28 03.73   12.3       ~ 286 2
157 NGC 4535 H2G 12 34 20.3443516704 +08 11 51.908488116   11.1       ~ 616 0
158 NGC 4536 GiP 12 34 27.1 +02 11 18 11.14 11.16 10.55 17.393   ~ 852 3
159 NGC 4559 H2G 12 35 57.6402869976 +27 57 35.859278160   10.46 10.01     ~ 628 1
160 NGC 4565 LIN 12 36 20.804 +25 59 14.61   13.61 12.43     ~ 956 0
161 M 90 Sy2 12 36 49.8009839880 +13 09 46.523813040 10.56 10.26 9.54     ~ 898 1
162 M 104 LIN 12 39 59.43185902 -11 37 22.9961800 9.51 9.55 8.00 8.05   ~ 1396 3
163 NGC 4631 GiP 12 42 08.009 +32 32 29.44   9.78 9.19 9.10   ~ 1095 2
164 NGC 4651 LIN 12 43 42.6376070448 +16 23 36.002649300   11.30 10.92 10.42 9.84 ~ 513 0
165 NGC 4654 GiP 12 43 56.638 +13 07 34.86   11.8       ~ 566 1
166 NGC 4666 EmG 12 45 08.676 -00 27 42.88   11.7   11.5 10.7 ~ 387 1
167 NGC 4691 AGN 12 48 13.60 -03 19 57.7 11.59 11.66 11.08 11.8 11.3 ~ 250 1
168 NGC 4710 H2G 12 49 38.958 +15 09 55.76   11.6       ~ 310 0
169 NGC 4725 Sy2 12 50 26.5716367992 +25 30 02.733090588   13.45 12.44     ~ 695 2
170 M 94 SyG 12 50 53.0737971432 +41 07 12.900884628 9.15 8.96 8.24 7.78   ~ 1386 2
171 NGC 4781 Sy2 12 54 23.7751070304 -10 32 13.803431280   11.8   11.28 11.7 ~ 144 0
172 NGC 4808 GiG 12 55 48.940 +04 18 14.74   12.5       ~ 230 0
173 M 64 SyG 12 56 43.696 +21 40 57.57   9.36 8.52     ~ 939 2
174 NGC 4818 Sy2 12 56 48.907 -08 31 31.08   11   10.88   ~ 149 0
175 NGC 4845 AGN 12 58 01.242 +01 34 32.09   17.40 16.31     ~ 238 0
176 NGC 4900 EmG 13 00 39.1193785512 +02 30 05.154593868   12.8       ~ 253 0
177 NGC 5005 GiP 13 10 56.312 +37 03 32.19   14.67 13.67     ~ 541 2
178 NGC 5033 Sy2 13 13 27.535 +36 35 37.14   11.01 12.03 9.73   ~ 869 3
179 M 63 LIN 13 15 49.2741893928 +42 01 45.728076108   9.34 8.59 8.35   ~ 1223 2
180 NGC 5170 GiP 13 29 48.7664804592 -17 57 59.370796728   12.08 10.79 10.63 11.0 ~ 178 0
181 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4329 4
182 SN 1994I SN* 13 29 54.072 +47 11 30.50     12.9     SNIc 625 1
183 NGC 5195 GiP 13 29 59.590 +47 15 58.06 10.76 10.45 9.55 9.31   ~ 778 3
184 SN 1983N SN* 13 36 51.23 -29 54 01.7   11.7       SNIb 273 1
185 M 83 SBG 13 37 00.91920 -29 51 56.7400 8.85 8.11 7.52 7.21   ~ 2572 2
186 NGC 5248 GiG 13 37 32.0145074088 +08 53 06.496982448   11.4       ~ 508 0
187 M 101 GiP 14 03 12.583 +54 20 55.50   8.46 7.86 7.76   ~ 2914 2
188 NGC 5506 Sy2 14 13 14.8761010056 -03 12 27.556909272   15.25 14.38     ~ 1091 0
189 NGC 5678 AGN 14 32 05.5700264952 +57 55 17.155392060   12.10       ~ 227 1
190 NGC 5676 GiG 14 32 46.853 +49 27 28.11   11.7       ~ 254 1
191 NGC 5690 GiG 14 37 41.0621949635 +02 17 27.095213875   13.10       ~ 170 0
192 NGC 5713 GiP 14 40 11.528 -00 17 21.16 11.88 11.84 11.20     ~ 398 2
193 NGC 5719 GiP 14 40 56.3690411016 -00 19 05.854225080   13.10   12.061   ~ 173 1
194 NGC 5775 GiP 14 53 57.653 +03 32 40.10   13.0 11.34     ~ 434 2
195 NGC 5792 Sy2 14 58 22.709 -01 05 27.89   11.8   11.8 11.1 ~ 183 0
196 M 102 SyG 15 06 29.561 +55 45 47.91 11.12 10.74 9.89     ~ 552 3
197 NGC 5861 Sy2 15 09 16.09127 -11 19 17.9800   13.34 12.62 11.03 11.5 ~ 167 0
198 NGC 5900 GiP 15 15 05.017 +42 12 35.47   14.43 13.39     ~ 105 0
199 NGC 5906 GiG 15 15 53.687 +56 19 43.86   11.4       ~ 767 1
200 NGC 5915 GiP 15 21 33.076 -13 05 30.22   13.1   12.32 12.7 ~ 109 0
201 NGC 5929 Sy1 15 26 06.1564333536 +41 40 14.384294616   13.0 14.00     ~ 440 0
202 NGC 5930 GiP 15 26 07.9964334517 +41 40 33.691556640   13.0       ~ 431 0
203 NGC 5937 Sy2 15 30 46.1177972544 -02 49 46.042511232   13.1       ~ 90 0
204 NGC 5953 GiP 15 34 32.4 +15 11 38   13.23 12.45     ~ 370 1
205 IC 4553 SyG 15 34 57.22396 +23 30 11.6084   14.76 13.88     ~ 2960 4
206 NGC 5962 GiP 15 36 31.6809457296 +16 36 27.933030504 12.04 11.98 11.34     ~ 249 1
207 NGC 6015 AG? 15 51 25.2376583904 +62 18 36.233118396   11.69 11.14 10.61 10.08 ~ 237 0
208 NGC 6181 GiG 16 32 21.1 +19 49 29   12.7       ~ 248 0
209 NGC 6217 AGN 16 32 39.2100852960 +78 11 53.487076092   14.37 13.88     ~ 302 0
210 NGC 6503 LIN 17 49 26.4207792072 +70 08 39.604132176 11.56 10.95 10.28 9.92   ~ 520 1
211 NGC 6574 GiG 18 11 51.2465713056 +14 58 54.747570108   12.5       ~ 179 0
212 NGC 6643 AG? 18 19 46.370 +74 34 06.23   11.80       ~ 307 1
213 NGC 6764 LIN 19 08 16.4036066688 +50 55 59.519979084   15.00 14.32     ~ 296 1
214 NGC 6814 Sy1 19 42 40.5862186152 -10 19 25.108718844   15.33 14.21 11.7 11.3 ~ 807 0
215 NGC 6835 AG? 19 54 32.95 -12 34 03.3   13.3   12.04 12.7 ~ 66 0
216 NGC 6946 H2G 20 34 52.332 +60 09 13.24   10.5       ~ 2527 2
217 SN 1980K SN* 20 35 30.07 +60 06 23.7   11.6       SNIIL 464 1
218 NGC 6951 Sy2 20 37 14.1228088488 +66 06 20.049916392   11.64 10.65     ~ 526 2
219 NGC 7331 LIN 22 37 04.0506038088 +34 24 56.800076508 10.65 10.35 9.48     ~ 1227 2
220 NGC 7448 AG? 23 00 03.589 +15 58 49.31   12.0       ~ 228 0
221 NGC 7465 Sy2 23 02 00.9603717552 +15 57 53.236032120   13.3       ~ 303 0
222 NGC 7469 Sy1 23 03 15.6 +08 52 26 12.60 13.00 12.34     ~ 2095 3
223 NGC 7479 Sy2 23 04 56.6432243448 +12 19 22.357387020 11.74 11.60 10.85 10.47 9.66 ~ 742 2
224 NGC 7541 GiP 23 14 43.857 +04 32 02.04   12.7       ~ 320 1
225 NGC 7625 AG? 23 20 30.132 +17 13 32.16 13.31 13.23 11.98 11.25   ~ 264 0
226 NGC 7640 GiG 23 22 06.5746017072 +40 50 43.114729056   11.6       ~ 173 0
227 NGC 7673 EmG 23 27 41.060 +23 35 20.18 12.84 13.17 12.76     ~ 275 1
228 NGC 7678 AGN 23 28 27.8628511800 +22 25 16.568913432   15.3       ~ 201 0
229 NGC 7714 GiP 23 36 14.1257730600 +02 09 18.197422668   14.91 14.36     ~ 765 1
230 APG 284 PaG 23 36 19 +02 09.3   12.6       ~ 607 0
231 NGC 7771 GiG 23 51 24.880 +20 06 42.57 13.42 13.08 12.25     ~ 338 4

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