2009A&A...501..445C

Query : 2009A&A...501..445C

2009A&A...501..445C - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 501, 445-453 (2009/7-2)

The Cartwheel galaxy with XMM-Newton.

CRIVELLARI E., WOLTER A. and TRINCHIERI G.

Abstract (from CDS):

The extreme environment provided by the Cartwheel ring is analyzed to study its X-ray and optical-UV properties. We compare the Cartwheel with the other members of its group and study the system as a whole in the X-ray band. We analyze the data of the Cartwheel galaxy obtained with XMM-Newton in two different periods (December 2004 and May 2005). We focus on the X-ray properties of the system and use the OM data to obtain additional information in the optical and UV bands. Each dataset is analyzed separately to study source variability and summed together to study fainter and extended sources. We detect a total of 8 sources associated with the Cartwheel galaxy and three in its vicinity, including G1 and G2, all at LX≥1039erg/s, that is the Ultra Luminous X-ray (ULX) source range. The brightest ULX source has been already discussed elsewhere. The spectra of the next three brightest ULX are well fitted by a power-law model with a mean photon index of ∼2. We compare the XMM-Newton and Chandra datasets to study the long-term variability of the sources. At least three sources vary in the 5 months between the two XMM-Newton observations and at least four in the 4-year timeframe between Chandra and XMM-Newton observations. One Chandra source disappears and a new one is detected by XMM-Newton in the ring. Optical-UV colors of the Cartwheel ring are consistent with a burst of star formation that is close to reaching its maximum, yielding a mean stellar age of about 40Myr. The inferred variability and age suggest that high mass X-ray binaries are the counterparts to the ULX sources. The 3 companion galaxies have luminosities in the range 1039–40erg/s consistent with expectations. The hot gas of the Cartwheel galaxy is luminous and abundant (a few 108M☉) and is found both in the outer ring, and in the inner part of the galaxy, behind the shock wave front. We also detect gas in the group with LX∼1040erg/s.

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Journal keyword(s): galaxies: individual: Cartwheel - X-rays: binaries - X-rays: galaxies - X-rays: ISM

Nomenclature: Table 2: [CWT2009] XMM NN (Nos 1-11).

Simbad objects: 36

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Number of rows : 36
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 SCG2 0018-4854 CGG 00 21 23.0 -48 38 20   13.91       ~ 17 0
2 CXOU J003737.5-334256 HII 00 37 37.5 -33 42 59           ~ 9 0
3 [CWT2009] XMM 6 X 00 37 37.50 -33 42 56.9           ~ 1 0
4 CXOU J003737.6-334254 HII 00 37 37.5 -33 42 53           ~ 8 0
5 CXOU J003738.7-334316 HII 00 37 38.6 -33 43 17           ~ 8 0
6 CXOU J003738.7-334318 HII 00 37 38.8 -33 43 18           ~ 9 0
7 [CWT2009] XMM 5 X 00 37 39.00 -33 43 19.2           ~ 1 0
8 CXOU J003739.1-334230 HII 00 37 39.0 -33 42 30           ~ 7 0
9 [GWA2003] 10 HXB 00 37 39.22 -33 42 50.6           ~ 7 0
10 CXO J003739.3-334323 HXB 00 37 39.39 -33 43 23.3           ~ 16 0
11 CXOU J003740.2-334327 HII 00 37 40.154 -33 43 26.00           ~ 11 0
12 CXOU J003740.4-334325 X 00 37 40.46 -33 43 25.4           ~ 5 0
13 [CWT2009] XMM 1 X 00 37 40.80 -33 43 32.5           ~ 1 0
14 CXOU J003740.8-334330 HII 00 37 41.0 -33 43 32           ~ 8 0
15 NAME Cartwheel EmG 00 37 41.1133192392 -33 42 58.515101748   19.26   18.52   ~ 284 1
16 CXOU J003741.1-334332 HII 00 37 41.2 -33 43 31           ~ 10 0
17 CXOU J003741.2-334232 X 00 37 41.23 -33 42 32.1           ~ 4 0
18 CXOU J003741.9-334326 X 00 37 42.01 -33 43 26.8           ~ 6 0
19 CXOU J003742.1-334314 X 00 37 42.15 -33 43 14.2           ~ 5 0
20 [CWT2009] XMM 8 X 00 37 42.20 -33 42 51.5           ~ 2 0
21 [GWA2003] 21 HXB 00 37 42.50 -33 43 04.5           ~ 6 0
22 SCG 7 CGG 00 37 43.1 -33 41 26           ~ 7 0
23 CXOU J003743.3-334312 X 00 37 43.35 -33 43 12.6           ~ 3 0
24 6dFGS gJ003743.4-334208 G 00 37 43.550 -33 42 06.51   16.66   15.94   ~ 19 0
25 6dFGS gJ003745.0-334221 G 00 37 44.9633851992 -33 42 20.452830948   15.26   14.54   ~ 17 0
26 2XMM J003745.5-334151 AG? 00 37 45.61 -33 41 51.8           ~ 4 0
27 6dFGS gJ003746.3-333952 G 00 37 46.2972257376 -33 39 52.114306752   16.202   15.185   ~ 21 0
28 HCG 16 CGG 02 09 40.82 -10 11 02.0           ~ 169 0
29 NGC 3256 Sy2 10 27 51.284 -43 54 13.55   11.83 11.33 10.62 11.9 ~ 848 2
30 NGC 3395 GiP 10 49 50.1160141680 +32 58 58.421838360   12.1 12.10     ~ 277 2
31 APG 270 PaG 10 49 51.2 +32 58 58           ~ 185 0
32 NGC 4038 EmG 12 01 53.002 -18 52 03.32   10.91   9.74 11.0 ~ 1333 1
33 NAME Antennae IG 12 01 53.170 -18 52 37.92           ~ 1692 0
34 NGC 4039 GiP 12 01 53.51 -18 53 10.3   11.08   9.77   ~ 1161 1
35 M 83 SBG 13 37 00.91920 -29 51 56.7400 8.85 8.11 7.52 7.21   ~ 2573 2
36 HCG 80 CGG 15 59 12 +65 13.6   17.7       ~ 27 0

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