2009AJ....137..498G

Query : 2009AJ....137..498G

2009AJ....137..498G - Astron. J., 137, 498-506 (2009/January-0)

A large population of ultra-compact dwarfs and bright intracluster globulars in the Fornax cluster.

GREGG M.D., DRINKWATER M.J., EVSTIGNEEVA E., JUREK R., KARICK A.M., PHILLIPPS S., BRIDGES T., JONES J.B., BEKKI K. and COUCH W.J.

Abstract (from CDS):

All the previously cataloged ultracompact dwarf (UCD) galaxies in the Fornax and Virgo clusters have 17.5 < bJ< 20. Using the 2dF spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope, we have carried out a search for fainter UCDs in the Fornax Cluster. In the magnitude interval 19.5 < bJ< 21.5, we have found 54 additional compact cluster members within a projected radius of 0°.9 (320 kpc) of the cluster center, all of which meet our selection and observational criteria to be UCDs. These newly identified objects, however, overlap in luminosity and spatial distribution with objects classified as globular clusters (GCs) belonging to the central cluster galaxy NGC 1399; in fact, about half of the objects in our sample are included in recent catalogs of NGC 1399/Fornax GCs. The numbers, luminosity function, and spatial distributions of our compact object sample are consistent with being the bright tail of the Fornax cluster-wide GC population. Yet, our present larger sample of intergalactic compact objects forms a dynamically distinct population from both the NGC1399 GCs and the nucleated dwarf ellipticals in Fornax. This supports the interpretation that the UCDs, which populate the bright tail of the GC luminosity function, are, in some respects, a separate class of objects, at least to the extent that they have experienced a distinct dynamical history and origin, which differs from the bulk of the NGC1399 GCs. Correcting for our spectroscopic incompleteness, we estimate that there are ∼105±13 of these brighter compact cluster objects down to bJ< 21.5 in the central region of the Fornax, and hence these UCDs/globulars outnumber other galaxy types in this space. The differences in their dynamics and distribution compared to dwarf ellipticals (dEs) may be consistent with a threshing or tidal destruction origin, if they have come from a subpopulation of dE galaxies on initial orbits that rendered them susceptible to such processes.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: dwarf - globular clusters: general

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/AJ/137/498): table2.dat table3.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 2: [GDE2009] UCD NN (Nos 1-60).

Simbad objects: 120

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Number of rows : 120
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 M 32 GiG 00 42 41.82480 +40 51 54.6120 9.51 9.03 8.08     ~ 2154 2
2 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 12639 1
3 NAME Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal G 02 39 59.3 -34 26 57   9.02 7.4     ~ 1741 1
4 ESO 301-8 GiC 03 22 22.92 -37 23 50.3   15.59   14.41   ~ 40 0
5 6dFGS gJ032512.2-325409 GiC 03 25 12.25 -32 54 09.7   15.99   15.365   ~ 11 0
6 IC 1919 GiG 03 26 02.2132576776 -32 53 40.323783768   13.78   12.60   ~ 81 0
7 ESO 358-6 GiG 03 27 18.0282957096 -34 31 35.315736492   14.15   12.95   ~ 93 0
8 LEDA 74521 GiC 03 28 51.97 -33 50 45.3   16.5       ~ 11 0
9 LEDA 74584 GiC 03 30 10.12 -33 41 35.8   17.1       ~ 11 0
10 LEDA 74605 GiC 03 30 30.52 -34 15 36.0   16.4       ~ 22 0
11 LEDA 74617 GiC 03 30 46.21 -35 32 57.9   15.96       ~ 26 0
12 LEDA 74679 LSB 03 31 46.90 -35 40 32.4   17.2       ~ 14 0
13 6dFGS gJ033147.6-350305 GiC 03 31 47.6331242640 -35 03 05.148733932   15.27       ~ 56 0
14 2MASX J03324763-3414194 LSB 03 32 47.6755769592 -34 14 19.382566452   15.25       ~ 50 0
15 LEDA 74711 GiC 03 33 03.64 -33 43 27.8   16.8       ~ 15 0
16 6dFGS gJ033312.8-360103 GiC 03 33 12.83 -36 01 02.4   15.85       ~ 28 0
17 LEDA 74738 GiC 03 34 21.80 -34 35 33.4   17.6       ~ 18 0
18 MCG-06-08-027 EmG 03 34 29.4927803424 -35 32 47.329271916   14.50       ~ 87 1
19 ESO 358-19 GiC 03 34 30.8740483488 -34 17 51.501897456   15.71       ~ 39 0
20 [GDE2009] UCD 1 GiC 03 34 51.4452376176 -35 44 02.452428132           ~ 3 0
21 2MASX J03352407-3621496 GiC 03 35 24.0910651464 -36 21 49.743672768   15.90       ~ 37 0
22 6dFGS gJ033612.9-360959 GiC 03 36 12.94 -36 09 59.0   16.4       ~ 22 0
23 [FDE2007] J033622.23-353634.4 GiC 03 36 22.2511813776 -35 36 34.096342644           ~ 7 0
24 [FDE2007] J033626.67-352201.5 GiC 03 36 26.6998301472 -35 22 01.425471168           ~ 10 1
25 [BAL2007] uc329.7 AG? 03 36 27.6956643984 -35 14 13.927797384           ~ 11 2
26 FDS J033628.74-345629.74 GlC 03 36 28.743 -34 56 29.75           ~ 6 1
27 FDS J033634.31-351932.48 GlC 03 36 34.3293975864 -35 19 32.367377712           ~ 8 1
28 LEDA 74777 GiC 03 36 45.47 -33 00 48.8   16.23       ~ 18 0
29 FDS J033647.59-352936.91 GlC 03 36 47.5994742744 -35 29 36.752798472           ~ 7 1
30 [FDE2007] J033647.69-354834.0 GiC 03 36 47.7214495896 -35 48 33.690107268           ~ 7 0
31 [BAL2007] gc41.40 GlC 03 36 51.6531288048 -35 30 38.791905804           ~ 8 1
32 LEDA 74781 GiC 03 36 53.21 -34 56 17.3   16.93       ~ 27 0
33 [BAL2007] uc257.5 GiC 03 37 03.2455003608 -35 38 04.385867820   19.85 19.31     ~ 34 1
34 6dFGS gJ033704.6-353524 GiC 03 37 04.66 -35 35 24.0   15.94   15.65   ~ 46 0
35 LEDA 74791 GiC 03 37 23.41 -34 54 00.1   16.51       ~ 29 0
36 [FDE2007] J033724.83-353610.0 GiC 03 37 24.8566351968 -35 36 09.605900160           ~ 6 0
37 [BAL2007] gc46.30 GlC 03 37 27.5769165168 -35 30 12.494779020       19.55   ~ 6 0
38 [DJG2000] UCO 21 GiC 03 37 38.2528110048 -35 20 20.495414040           ~ 4 0
39 FCOS 2-78 GlC 03 37 41.8055243088 -35 41 22.842102804     20.69     ~ 6 0
40 FCOS 4-49 GlC 03 37 43.06 -35 22 11.9     20.85     ~ 5 0
41 FCOS 4-2028 Gl? 03 37 43.5034612128 -35 15 09.937168380     20.41     ~ 9 0
42 FDS J033743.56-352251.47 GlC 03 37 43.5725098896 -35 22 51.470993208           ~ 7 0
43 [BAL2007] gc85.30 GlC 03 37 45.0801427632 -35 29 01.295593656           ~ 6 0
44 NAME UCD-FORS 32 Gl? 03 38 05.0504949024 -35 24 09.329119704   19.7 19.15   18.02 ~ 18 0
45 NAME UCD-FORS 81 GlC 03 38 06.3040671264 -35 28 58.550357136   18.85 19.31 18.80 18.18 ~ 39 1
46 NAME UCD-FORS 36 G 03 38 06.5041040184 -35 23 03.708523500     20.00   19 ~ 13 0
47 NGC 1396 GiG 03 38 06.5677454520 -35 26 23.637846372   14.80       ~ 98 1
48 LEDA 74805 GiC 03 38 07.22 -38 05 43.8   16.9       ~ 6 0
49 ESO 358-42 GiC 03 38 09.1644279912 -34 31 07.380761484   15.74   14.44   ~ 63 1
50 [BAL2007] gc445.7 GlC 03 38 09.2451322056 -35 35 06.907116372       20.15   ~ 7 0
51 [DJG2000] UCO 27 GlC 03 38 10.3468630320 -35 24 05.798717532     19.66 19.17   ~ 12 0
52 NAME UCD28 G 03 38 10.7378772816 -35 25 46.019689176     19.97   18.68 ~ 18 0
53 FCOS 2-73 GlC 03 38 11.9732010696 -35 39 57.099681000     20.40 19.81   ~ 9 0
54 ESO 358-43 GiG 03 38 13.5999606360 -33 07 37.960332924   15.26   13.94   ~ 55 0
55 [JPB2015] 054.5590855-35.4454027 GlC 03 38 14.1941988480 -35 26 43.596636036     21.04     ~ 9 0
56 NAME UCD31 GlC 03 38 16.5027178944 -35 26 19.561859520     20.60   19.65 ~ 23 0
57 [MHJ2008] F-7 GlC 03 38 17.5987243392 -35 33 02.482681212     20.49     ~ 20 0
58 FCOS 0-2062 GlC 03 38 18.4038478872 -35 27 39.710752172     20.67 20.28   ~ 8 0
59 LEDA 74806 LSB 03 38 18.80 -35 31 49.4   17.3 17.18     ~ 36 1
60 LEDA 74808 EmG 03 38 19.265 -35 07 44.74   15.60 15.34     ~ 59 0
61 LEDA 74811 EmG 03 38 21.4890668040 -35 15 34.953195492   15.89 15.65     ~ 37 0
62 [DRG2004] 80:12 GlC 03 38 21.73 -35 26 16.5       21.37   ~ 3 0
63 [GDE2009] UCD 31 GiC 03 38 21.84 -35 25 13.8           ~ 4 0
64 [MHJ2008] F-8 GlC 03 38 23.2407296424 -35 20 00.607683768     20.09 19.59   ~ 14 0
65 FCOS 3-2027 G 03 38 23.7417495312 -35 13 49.405426788     19.76     ~ 11 1
66 FCOS 2-2106 GlC 03 38 25.0480862136 -35 29 25.149415668     20.51     ~ 9 0
67 FCOS 1-2024 GlC 03 38 25.5469146744 -35 37 42.618471816     20.06 19.50   ~ 18 0
68 FCOS 0-2069 Gl? 03 38 26.7138817992 -35 30 07.387998948     20.67     ~ 7 0
69 [BAL2007] gc212.2 GlC 03 38 28.83 -35 28 47.1           ~ 4 0
70 [MHJ2008] F-12 G 03 38 28.9789910448 -35 22 56.105739516     19.87     ~ 17 0
71 [DRG2004] 78:117 GlC 03 38 29.07 -35 25 00.3       21.31   ~ 4 0
72 NGC 1399 BiC 03 38 29.083 -35 27 02.67 11.05 9.74 9.59 8.12   ~ 1569 1
73 ACO S 373 ClG 03 38 29.4 -35 27 08           ~ 1823 0
74 [GDE2009] UCD 40 GiC 03 38 36.8530740600 -35 28 09.310622160           ~ 3 0
75 [GDE2009] UCD 41 GiC 03 38 36.99 -35 25 44.2           ~ 5 0
76 FCOS 1-58 GlC 03 38 39.342 -35 27 05.91     20.78     ~ 9 0
77 [GDE2009] UCD 43 GiC 03 38 40.23 -35 27 03.1           ~ 3 0
78 [MHJ2008] F-18 G 03 38 41.9519250336 -35 33 12.952421316     19.70     ~ 14 1
79 [GDE2009] UCD 45 GiC 03 38 43.14 -35 28 01.5           ~ 3 0
80 [FDE2007] J033845.80-353426.6 GiC 03 38 45.81 -35 34 27.4           ~ 5 1
81 [FDE2007] J033847.41-353713.6 GiC 03 38 47.4172591800 -35 37 13.532898108           ~ 4 1
82 [FDE2007] J033850.64-353348.4 GiC 03 38 50.73 -35 33 48.3           ~ 4 1
83 NGC 1404 GiP 03 38 51.917 -35 35 39.81 11.53 10.69 10.00 9.03   ~ 750 1
84 CGF 1-4 GlC 03 38 54.0545340024 -35 33 33.320376180   18.5 18.06     ~ 75 1
85 LEDA 74832 GiC 03 39 05.78 -36 05 55.2   17.7       ~ 19 0
86 LEDA 13449 GiC 03 39 13.42 -35 22 15.7   15.1 14.91     ~ 63 1
87 FCOS 1-60 GlC 03 39 17.6834039208 -35 25 30.066435228   21.15 20.19 19.57   ~ 25 0
88 LEDA 13452 GiC 03 39 19.60 -35 43 29.0   16.10 15.89     ~ 45 1
89 FCOS 3-2004 GlC 03 39 20.5202777400 -35 19 14.337162408     19.73 18.77   ~ 10 0
90 [DJG2000] UCO 50 GiC 03 39 34.7535949584 -35 53 44.232265572           ~ 6 0
91 LEDA 2793608 GiC 03 39 35.9209845336 -35 28 24.441828204   18.82 19.12     ~ 44 1
92 FCOS 3-2019 Gl? 03 39 37.1659039704 -35 15 21.696531228     20.49     ~ 6 0
93 [GDE2009] UCD 55 G 03 39 43.5213416928 -35 26 59.141596776           ~ 6 1
94 FCSS J033952.5-350424 GiC 03 39 52.5471040440 -35 04 24.003755616   19.66 19.50     ~ 37 0
95 LEDA 74859 GiC 03 40 01.30 -34 45 28.5   16.85       ~ 26 0
96 [FDE2007] J034019.89-351530.0 GiC 03 40 19.8986194104 -35 15 29.666258424           ~ 5 0
97 LEDA 13515 LSB 03 40 23.41 -35 16 32.8   16.20       ~ 38 2
98 [FDE2007] J034024.92-350637.5 GiC 03 40 24.9308999640 -35 06 37.236212712           ~ 4 0
99 LEDA 74873 GiC 03 40 27.0207791448 -36 29 56.047672320   16.5       ~ 25 0
100 LEDA 74879 GiC 03 40 33.86 -35 01 21.4   15.73   15.54   ~ 42 0
101 [DJG2000] UCO 54 GiC 03 40 37.0672183176 -34 58 40.018687104           ~ 4 0
102 2MASX J03405042-3544534 GiC 03 40 50.4165381120 -35 44 54.385434708   15.74       ~ 38 0
103 LEDA 74896 LSB 03 40 55.34 -37 50 16.8   16.3       ~ 18 0
104 LEDA 74899 LSB 03 41 00.77 -35 44 31.1   17.6       ~ 33 0
105 ESO 358-50 GiG 03 41 03.6078361560 -33 46 45.297655572   13.86   12.57   ~ 88 0
106 LEDA 13560 LSB 03 41 12.79 -35 09 29.8   17.0       ~ 24 1
107 6dFGS gJ034121.4-334611 GiC 03 41 21.53 -33 46 09.2   15.44       ~ 25 0
108 LEDA 74915 GiC 03 41 31.83 -35 35 20.9   16.16       ~ 21 0
109 [DJG2000] UCO 55 GiC 03 41 35.8364941080 -35 54 57.810200976           ~ 4 0
110 2MASX J03414141-3510119 GiC 03 41 41.410 -35 10 11.99   15.70       ~ 37 1
111 LEDA 74933 GiC 03 42 17.2756218024 -35 32 26.556690480   16.26 16.31     ~ 38 0
112 LEDA 74936 GiC 03 42 27.27 -33 52 14.2   16.25       ~ 17 0
113 LEDA 74950 LSB 03 43 12.69 -34 38 35.0   18.1       ~ 17 0
114 ESO 358-56 GiP 03 43 22.631 -33 56 25.30   15.58   14.33   ~ 57 0
115 6dFGS gJ034432.9-351146 GiC 03 44 32.94 -35 11 44.8   15.90       ~ 27 0
116 LEDA 74970 GiC 03 44 44.4004984152 -35 41 01.444886628   16.10       ~ 22 0
117 2MASX J03451407-3656123 GiC 03 45 14.0920864008 -36 56 12.009885828   15.32       ~ 55 0
118 LEDA 74993 GiP 03 47 01.52 -36 26 14.9   16.3       ~ 28 0
119 ESO 419-7 GiC 03 47 16.32 -32 18 07.6   16.48   15.80   ~ 13 0
120 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 26 32.1 +12 43 24           ~ 6637 0

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