2009AJ....138...33D

Query : 2009AJ....138...33D

2009AJ....138...33D - Astron. J., 138, 33-45 (2009/July-0)

A Very Large Telescope/NACO study of star formation in the massive embedded cluster RCW 38.

DEROSE K.L., BOURKE T.L., GUTERMUTH R.A., WOLK S.J., MEGEATH S.T., ALVES J. and NURNBERGER D.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the results of high angular resolution adaptive optics (AO) near-infrared (JHK_s) observations of the deeply embedded massive cluster RCW 38 using NACO on the Very Large Telescope. Narrowband AO observations centered at wavelengths of 1.28 µm, 2.12 µm, and 2.17 µm were also obtained. The area covered by these observations is about 0.5 pc², centered on the O-star RCW 38 IRS 2. We use the JHK_s colors to identify young stars with infrared (IR) excess in this region. Through a detailed comparison to a nearby control field, we find that most of the 337 stars detected in all three IR bands are cluster members (∼317), with essentially no contamination due to background (likely due to the high cluster extinction of A_V∼ 15) or foreground sources. Five sources with three band detections have colors suggestive of deeply embedded protostars, while 53 sources are detected at K_sonly; their spatial distribution with respect to the extinction suggests they are highly reddened cluster members but their evolutionary status is unclear. Detectable K_s-band excess is found toward 29%±3% of the stars. For comparison to a similar area of Orion Nebula Cluster observed in the near-IR, mass and extinction cuts are applied, and the excess fractions redetermined. The resulting excesses are then 25%±5% for RCW 38, and 42%±8% for Orion. RCW 38 IRS 2 is shown to be a massive star binary with a projected separation of ∼500 AU. Two regions of molecular hydrogen emission are revealed through the 2.12 µm imaging. One of these shows a morphology suggestive of a protostellar jet, and is clearly associated with a star only detected at H and K_s, and previously identified as a highly obscured X-ray source. Three spatially extended cometary-like objects, suggestive of photoevaporating disks, are identified, but only one is clearly directly influenced by RCW 38 IRS 2. The structure of the inner core of RCW 38 is also characterized and compared to Orion and other clusters. A King profile provides a reasonable fit to the cluster radial density profile and a nearest-neighbor distance analysis shows essentially no subclustering.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): infrared: stars - ISM: individual: RCW 38 - stars: formation

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/AJ/138/33): table3.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 1: [DBG2009] NNN (Nos 1-483).

Simbad objects: 142

Full paper

View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 142

N	Identifier	Otype	ICRS (J2000) RA	ICRS (J2000) DEC	Mag U	Mag B	Mag V	Mag R	Mag I	Sp type	#ref 1850 - 2024	#notes
1	NAME SMC	G	00 52 38.0	-72 48 01		2.79	2.2			~	11144	1
2	V* T Tau	TT*	04 21 59.4319873992	+19 32 06.432393336		11.22	10.12	9.80		K0IV/Ve	1404	1
3	NAME Taurus Complex	SFR	04 41.0	+25 52						~	4415	0
4	NAME LMC	G	05 23 34.6	-69 45 22			0.4			~	17427	0
5	NAME Orion Nebula Cluster	OpC	05 35.0	-05 29						~	2331	0
6	NAME Ori Trapezium	OpC	05 35 16.5	-05 23 14						~	1619	1
7	* c Ori	Y*O	05 35 23.1646530684	-04 50 18.059784995	3.46	4.40	4.59	4.67	4.85	B1V+?	216	0
8	NAME Ori I	As*	05 38	-02.8						~	615	0
9	NAME Ori A	MoC	05 38	-07.1						~	3011	0
10	NAME Ori B	MoC	05 41 43.0	-01 54 44						~	1376	0
11	NAME Taurus Cluster	Cl*	06 10.1	+09 05						~	74	0
12	NAME Vela XYZ	Rad	08 34.0	-45 50						~	1229	2
13	[DBG2009] 14	*	08 59 02.78	-47 30 46.8						~	2	0
14	[DBG2009] 17	*	08 59 02.91	-47 30 30.8						~	2	0
15	2MASS J08590296-4731022	Y*O	08 59 02.9163452664	-47 31 02.317771596						~	4	0
16	CXO J085903.0-473040	Y*O	08 59 02.9648277768	-47 30 39.875020884						~	4	0
17	CXO J085903.0-473051	Y*O	08 59 02.970	-47 30 51.79						~	4	0
18	CXO J085903.0-473044	Y*O	08 59 03.018	-47 30 44.64						~	4	0
19	[DBG2009] 29	*	08 59 03.07	-47 30 34.4						~	2	0
20	[DBG2009] 39	IR	08 59 03.37	-47 30 45.0						~	1	0
21	[DBG2009] 40	IR	08 59 03.38	-47 30 51.7						~	1	0
22	[DBG2009] 45	*	08 59 03.45	-47 30 50.7						~	2	0
23	[DBG2009] 49	*	08 59 03.56	-47 31 02.0						~	2	0
24	[DBG2009] 50	IR	08 59 03.59	-47 30 34.9						~	1	0
25	[DBG2009] 58	*	08 59 03.64	-47 30 56.3						~	2	0
26	CXO J085903.7-473040	Y*O	08 59 03.645	-47 30 40.10						~	4	0
27	[DBG2009] 61	IR	08 59 03.66	-47 31 02.6						~	1	0
28	CXOU J085903.6-473052	Y*O	08 59 03.687	-47 30 52.53						~	3	0
29	[DBG2009] 64	IR	08 59 03.72	-47 30 39.2						~	1	0
30	[DBG2009] 78	IR	08 59 03.90	-47 31 04.5						~	1	0
31	[DBG2009] 80	Y*?	08 59 03.91	-47 30 46.4						~	1	0
32	[DBG2009] 85	IR	08 59 03.96	-47 30 39.7						~	1	0
33	[DBG2009] 88	*	08 59 04.02	-47 30 59.3						~	2	0
34	CXO J085904.0-473055	Y*O	08 59 04.027	-47 30 55.90						~	4	0
35	CXO J085904.0-473052	Y*O	08 59 04.036	-47 30 53.10						~	3	0
36	[DBG2009] 97	IR	08 59 04.10	-47 30 47.3						~	1	0
37	[DBG2009] 96	IR	08 59 04.10	-47 30 40.4						~	1	0
38	[DBG2009] 98	IR	08 59 04.11	-47 30 56.8						~	1	0
39	[DBG2009] 112	IR	08 59 04.31	-47 30 44.7						~	1	0
40	[DBG2009] 114	*	08 59 04.32	-47 30 47.4						~	2	0
41	[DBG2009] 116	IR	08 59 04.33	-47 30 27.3						~	1	0
42	CXO J085904.3-473105	Y*O	08 59 04.342	-47 31 05.71						~	4	0
43	CXO J085904.3-473046	Y*O	08 59 04.365	-47 30 46.25						~	3	0
44	[DBG2009] 126	IR	08 59 04.44	-47 30 58.5						~	1	0
45	[DBG2009] 131	IR	08 59 04.5256797528	-47 30 35.388098676						~	1	0
46	[DBG2009] 133	IR	08 59 04.5256797528	-47 30 35.388098676						~	3	0
47	[DBG2009] 142	IR	08 59 04.5256797528	-47 30 35.388098676						~	1	0
48	[DBG2009] 140	IR	08 59 04.56	-47 30 34.3						~	1	0
49	[DBG2009] 144	Y*?	08 59 04.59	-47 30 53.7						~	1	0
50	[DBG2009] 145	IR	08 59 04.59	-47 30 33.9						~	1	0
51	CXOU J085904.6-473040	Y*O	08 59 04.603	-47 30 40.55						~	3	0
52	[DBG2009] 149	*	08 59 04.62	-47 30 48.1						~	2	0
53	2MASS J08590466-4730279	Y*O	08 59 04.664	-47 30 27.98						~	5	0
54	[DBG2009] 154	IR	08 59 04.67	-47 30 52.5						~	1	0
55	CXOU J085904.7-473049	Y*O	08 59 04.709	-47 30 49.04						~	3	0
56	[DBG2009] 157	IR	08 59 04.71	-47 30 53.6						~	1	0
57	[DBG2009] 159	Y*?	08 59 04.73	-47 30 36.6						~	3	0
58	[WSB2006] 456	IR	08 59 04.78	-47 30 28.3						~	2	0
59	[DBG2009] 175	*	08 59 04.8796254960	-47 30 47.795180940						~	2	0
60	[DBG2009] 177	IR	08 59 04.89	-47 30 45.3						~	1	0
61	[DBG2009] 183	IR	08 59 04.98	-47 30 31.2						~	1	0
62	[DBG2009] 186	IR	08 59 05.00	-47 30 44.2						~	1	0
63	CXO J085905.0-473058	Y*O	08 59 05.018	-47 30 58.14						~	4	0
64	[DBG2009] 199	IR	08 59 05.09	-47 30 49.5						~	1	0
65	[DBG2009] 198	*	08 59 05.09	-47 30 30.7						~	2	0
66	CXOU J085905.1-473036	Y*O	08 59 05.162	-47 30 36.95						~	3	0
67	CXO J085905.3-473042	Y*O	08 59 05.286	-47 30 42.60						~	4	0
68	[DBG2009] 221	IR	08 59 05.32	-47 30 46.9						~	1	0
69	[DBG2009] 227	IR	08 59 05.40	-47 30 35.8						~	1	0
70	[DBG2009] 231	*	08 59 05.41	-47 30 16.6						~	2	0
71	[DBG2009] 226	*	08 59 05.4101959032	-47 30 55.106832672						~	2	0
72	[DBG2009] 232	*	08 59 05.42	-47 30 38.2						~	2	0
73	CXOU J085905.4-473021	Y*O	08 59 05.443	-47 30 21.52						~	3	0
74	CXOU J085905.4-473045	Y*O	08 59 05.483	-47 30 45.51						~	3	0
75	RCW 38	SFR	08 59 05.50	-47 30 39.4						~	305	2
76	[DBG2009] 247	IR	08 59 05.54	-47 30 40.0						~	1	0
77	2MASS J08590554-4730362	Y*O	08 59 05.5493544941	-47 30 36.119965600						~	5	0
78	[DBG2009] 249	*	08 59 05.57	-47 30 16.5						~	2	0
79	[FP74] RCW 38 IRS 2	Y*O	08 59 05.6555109888	-47 30 40.941723780				14.05	11.20	O5.5V	27	1
80	[DBG2009] 274	IR	08 59 05.75	-47 30 46.2						~	1	0
81	[DBG2009] 285	IR	08 59 05.83	-47 30 36.6						~	1	0
82	[DBG2009] 286	IR	08 59 05.83	-47 30 36.4						~	1	0
83	[DBG2009] 288	IR	08 59 05.84	-47 30 49.5						~	1	0
84	CXOU J085905.8-473017	Y*O	08 59 05.843	-47 30 17.70						~	3	0
85	[DBG2009] 297	*	08 59 05.89	-47 30 40.0						~	2	0
86	[DBG2009] 300	*	08 59 05.92	-47 30 32.6						~	2	0
87	[DBG2009] 299	*	08 59 05.92	-47 30 26.7						~	2	0
88	[DBG2009] 306	IR	08 59 05.96	-47 30 34.6						~	1	0
89	[DBG2009] 307	IR	08 59 05.98	-47 30 39.6						~	1	0
90	[DBG2009] 308	*	08 59 05.98	-47 30 38.6						~	2	0
91	[DBG2009] 310	*	08 59 05.99	-47 30 37.3						~	2	0
92	[DBG2009] 312	IR	08 59 06.01	-47 30 36.3						~	1	0
93	[DBG2009] 314	IR	08 59 06.04	-47 30 34.6						~	1	0
94	CXO J085906.1-473021	Y*O	08 59 06.055	-47 30 20.94						~	4	0
95	[DBG2009] 316	IR	08 59 06.07	-47 30 44.8						~	1	0
96	[DBG2009] 322	Y*?	08 59 06.11	-47 30 36.9						~	1	0
97	[DBG2009] 326	IR	08 59 06.13	-47 30 53.2						~	1	0
98	[DBG2009] 325	IR	08 59 06.13	-47 30 44.0						~	1	0
99	CXOU J085906.1-473027	Y*O	08 59 06.156	-47 30 27.31						~	3	0
100	2MASS J08590615-4730354	Y*O	08 59 06.1562452032	-47 30 35.483560308						~	4	0
101	[DBG2009] 329	*	08 59 06.16	-47 30 24.5						~	2	0
102	[DBG2009] 328	IR	08 59 06.1783359072	-47 30 32.371388028						~	1	0
103	CXO J085906.2-473051	Y*O	08 59 06.207	-47 30 51.45						~	4	0
104	[DBG2009] 331	IR	08 59 06.2125559376	-47 30 44.600313096						~	1	0
105	[DBG2009] 336	IR	08 59 06.24	-47 30 37.7						~	1	0
106	[DBG2009] 338	IR	08 59 06.25	-47 30 56.9						~	1	0
107	2MASS J08590628-4731076	Y*O	08 59 06.290	-47 31 07.65						~	4	0
108	[DBG2009] 343	IR	08 59 06.30	-47 30 42.5						~	1	0
109	[WSB2006] 245	IR	08 59 06.36	-47 30 30.8						~	2	0
110	[DBG2009] 351	IR	08 59 06.39	-47 30 46.4						~	1	0
111	[DBG2009] 353	IR	08 59 06.40	-47 30 43.8						~	1	0
112	[DBG2009] 361	IR	08 59 06.45	-47 30 36.8						~	1	0
113	[DBG2009] 358	*	08 59 06.4512698832	-47 30 53.226486324						~	2	0
114	CXOU J085906.4-473032	Y*O	08 59 06.464	-47 30 32.22						~	3	0
115	[DBG2009] 364	IR	08 59 06.48	-47 30 36.8						~	1	0
116	[DBG2009] 366	*	08 59 06.49	-47 30 21.1						~	2	0
117	[DBG2009] 369	IR	08 59 06.56	-47 30 43.0						~	1	0
118	[DBG2009] 373	*	08 59 06.61	-47 30 54.3						~	2	0
119	[DBG2009] 379	IR	08 59 06.62	-47 30 49.8						~	1	0
120	CXO J085906.6-473018	Y*O	08 59 06.634	-47 30 18.38						~	4	0
121	CXO J085906.6-473021	Y*O	08 59 06.635	-47 30 21.96						~	6	0
122	[DBG2009] 382	*	08 59 06.67	-47 30 41.1						~	2	0
123	[DBG2009] 384	IR	08 59 06.70	-47 30 46.9						~	1	0
124	[DBG2009] 400	*	08 59 06.8881877784	-47 30 25.118763552						~	2	0
125	2MASS J08590701-4730230	Y*O	08 59 07.015	-47 30 23.07						~	4	0
126	2MASS J08590715-4730478	Y*O	08 59 07.158	-47 30 47.83						~	3	0
127	[DBG2009] 418	*	08 59 07.16	-47 30 36.7						~	2	0
128	[DBG2009] 428	*	08 59 07.39	-47 30 37.1						~	2	0
129	[DBG2009] 431	*	08 59 07.46	-47 30 40.8						~	2	0
130	[DBG2009] 455	Y*?	08 59 07.94	-47 30 25.8						~	3	0
131	[DCH2013] 455	Y*O	08 59 07.95	-47 30 33.6						~	4	0
132	[DBG2009] 459	IR	08 59 07.99	-47 30 35.8						~	1	0
133	CXO J085908.1-473047	Y*O	08 59 08.086	-47 30 47.44						~	4	0
134	[DBG2009] 471	*	08 59 08.17	-47 30 46.6						~	2	0
135	CXO J085908.2-473051	Y*O	08 59 08.247	-47 30 51.80						~	3	0
136	CXOU J085908.2-473046	Y*O	08 59 08.289	-47 30 46.64						~	3	0
137	NAME Cha 1	MoC	11 06 48	-77 18.0						~	1154	1
138	NAME Chamaeleon Region	SFR	11 55	-78.0						~	806	0
139	NAME Lupus Complex	SFR	16 03	-38.1						~	720	0
140	* rho Oph	**	16 25 35.11766	-23 26 49.8150	4.30	4.85	4.63	4.27	3.96	B2IV+B2V	648	0
141	NAME Oph Cluster	ClG	17 12 24.7	-23 21 01						~	272	0
142	[FP74] RCW 38 IRS 1	IR	~	~						~	12	0

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