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2011A&A...528A.112L - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 528A, 112-112 (2011/4-1)

The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XXVIII. Up to seven planets orbiting HD 10180: probing the architecture of low-mass planetary systems.

LOVIS C., SEGRANSAN D., MAYOR M., UDRY S., BENZ W., BERTAUX J.-L., BOUCHY F., CORREIA A.C.M., LASKAR J., LO CURTO G., MORDASINI C., PEPE F., QUELOZ D. and SANTOS N.C.

Abstract (from CDS):

Low-mass extrasolar planets are presently being discovered at an increased pace by radial velocity and transit surveys, which opens a new window on planetary systems. We are conducting a high-precision radial velocity survey with the HARPS spectrograph, which aims at characterizing the population of ice giants and super-Earths around nearby solar-type stars. This will lead to a better understanding of their formation and evolution, and will yield a global picture of planetary systems from gas giants down to telluric planets. Progress has been possible in this field thanks in particular to the sub-m/s radial velocity precision achieved by HARPS. We present here new high-quality measurements from this instrument. We report the discovery of a planetary system comprising at least five Neptune-like planets with minimum masses ranging from 12 to 25M, orbiting the solar-type star HD 10180 at separations between 0.06 and 1.4AU. A sixth radial velocity signal is present at a longer period, probably caused by a 65-M object. Moreover, another body with a minimum mass as low as 1.4M may be present at 0.02AU from the star. This is the most populated exoplanetary system known to date. The planets are in a dense but still well separated configuration, with significant secular interactions. Some of the orbital period ratios are fairly close to integer or half-integer values, but the system does not exhibit any mean-motion resonances. General relativity effects and tidal dissipation play an important role to stabilize the innermost planet and the system as a whole. Numerical integrations show long-term dynamical stability provided true masses are within a factor ∼3 from minimum masses. We further note that several low-mass planetary systems exhibit a rather packed'' orbital architecture with little or no space left for additional planets. In several cases, semi-major axes are fairly regularly spaced on a logarithmic scale, giving rise to approximate Titius-Bode-like (i.e. exponential) laws. These dynamical architectures can be interpreted as the signature of formation scenarios where type I migration and interactions between protoplanets play a major role. However, it remains challenging to explain the presence of so many Neptunes and super-Earths on non-resonant, well-ordered orbits within ∼1-2AU of the central star. Finally, we also confirm the marked dependence of planet formation on both metallicity and stellar mass. Very massive systems are all found around metal-rich stars more massive than the Sun, while low-mass systems are only found around metal-deficient stars less massive than the Sun.

Journal keyword(s): planets and satellites: detection - stars: individual: HD 10180 - techniques: radial velocities - techniques: spectroscopic

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/528/A112): table1.dat>