2015ApJ...799..159Z

Query : 2015ApJ...799..159Z

2015ApJ...799..159Z - Astrophys. J., 799, 159 (2015/February-1)

Globular cluster populations: first results from S4G early-type galaxies.

ZARITSKY D., ARAVENA M., ATHANASSOULA E., BOSMA A., COMERON S., ELMEGREEN B.G., ERROZ-FERRER S., GADOTTI D.A., HINZ J.L., HO L.C., HOLWERDA B., KNAPEN J.H., LAINE J., LAURIKAINEN E., MUNOZ-MATEOS J.C., SALO H. and SHETH K.

Abstract (from CDS):

Using 3.6 µm images of 97 early-type galaxies, we develop and verify methodology to measure globular cluster populations from the S4G survey images. We find that (1) the ratio, TN, of the number of clusters, NCL, to parent galaxy stellar mass, M*, rises weakly with M* for early-type galaxies with M*> 1010 M☉when we calculate galaxy masses using a universal stellar initial mass function (IMF) but that the dependence of TNon M*is removed entirely once we correct for the recently uncovered systematic variation of IMF with M*; and (2) for M*< 1010 M☉, there is no trend between NCLand M*, the scatter in TNis significantly larger (approaching two orders of magnitude), and there is evidence to support a previous, independent suggestion of two families of galaxies. The behavior of NCLin the lower-mass systems is more difficult to measure because these systems are inherently cluster-poor, but our results may add to previous evidence that large variations in cluster formation and destruction efficiencies are to be found among low-mass galaxies. The average fraction of stellar mass in clusters is ∼0.0014 for M*> 1010 M☉ and can be as large as ∼0.02 for less massive galaxies. These are the first results from the S4G sample of galaxies and will be enhanced by the sample of early-type galaxies now being added to S4G and complemented by the study of later-type galaxies within S4G.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: evolution - galaxies: formation - galaxies: star clusters: general - galaxies: stellar content

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/799/159): table1.dat>

Simbad objects: 100

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Number of rows : 100
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NGC 7814 GiG 00 03 14.947 +16 08 42.82   12.0       ~ 294 1
2 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 12645 1
3 NGC 584 Sy2 01 31 20.7231919800 -06 52 04.770287472 11.93 11.44 10.48     ~ 402 2
4 NGC 814 AG? 02 10 37.6066894944 -15 46 25.244209812   14   13.61   ~ 45 1
5 NGC 1047 GiP 02 40 32.8417000656 -08 08 51.635714460   14.50       ~ 62 1
6 NGC 1052 Sy2 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1299 2
7 NGC 1297 EmG 03 19 14.2293540312 -19 06 00.356560524   14.97 13.98 13.43 12.71 ~ 85 0
8 ESO 357-25 GiC 03 23 37.277 -35 46 42.17   14.98   14.12   ~ 44 1
9 NGC 1332 GiP 03 26 17.321 -21 20 07.33   11.45   9.84   ~ 350 0
10 NGC 1339 EmG 03 28 06.5493649512 -32 17 09.840527844   12.63   11.18   ~ 163 0
11 ESO 548-23 EmG 03 28 14.510 -17 25 11.24   14.38   13.82   ~ 55 0
12 NGC 1366 Sy2 03 33 53.6940996096 -31 11 38.966332632   12.94   11.49   ~ 94 0
13 IC 1963 GiG 03 35 31.0692175536 -34 26 49.368859656   12.90   11.71   ~ 135 0
14 NGC 1389 EmG 03 37 11.7427350576 -35 44 45.873195000 12.80 12.39 11.50 10.99   ~ 198 1
15 NGC 1411 EmG 03 38 44.8916837064 -44 06 02.048427900   12.06   10.76   ~ 108 0
16 NGC 1414 GiP 03 40 57.135 -21 42 50.07   14.65   13.88   ~ 54 0
17 NGC 1461 EmG 03 48 27.1307092296 -16 23 34.248819300   12.85       ~ 83 0
18 IC 2006 EmG 03 54 28.4628183240 -35 58 01.673622516   12.39   10.94 11.9 ~ 207 0
19 ESO 419-13 Sy2 04 00 41.608 -30 49 51.67   14.28   13.69 14.1 ~ 30 0
20 IC 2035 GiG 04 09 01.8566119800 -45 31 03.273963672   12.48   11.29   ~ 78 0
21 NGC 1533 EmG 04 09 51.8356041744 -56 07 06.410207352   11.77 10.92 10.27 11.0 ~ 198 0
22 IC 2040 GiG 04 12 59.7779249448 -32 33 12.086162244   13.59   12.89   ~ 44 0
23 NGC 1553 GiP 04 16 10.4697802536 -55 46 48.072797400 10.76 10.10 9.40 8.74   ~ 377 2
24 NGC 1596 GiP 04 27 38.1079224792 -55 01 39.852944076   12.01 10.97 10.54   ~ 116 0
25 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 17430 0
26 IC 2135 GiG 05 33 12.894 -36 23 55.69   13.27   12.11 12.3 ~ 77 1
27 UGC 4241 AG? 08 09 23.7677167200 +57 45 47.176120116   14.8       ~ 32 0
28 NGC 2685 Sy2 08 55 34.7027817000 +58 44 03.876540108   13.68 12.70     ~ 430 1
29 NGC 2768 SyG 09 11 37.504 +60 02 13.95 11.30 10.84 9.87     ~ 503 2
30 NGC 2732 GiP 09 13 24.6918628128 +79 11 14.150547096   12.6       ~ 73 0
31 Mrk 1423 AG? 09 43 01.582 +58 58 24.83   15.1       ~ 43 0
32 NGC 3032 AGN 09 52 08.1524118072 +29 14 10.364182440   13.87 13.28     ~ 250 0
33 NGC 3073 GiP 10 00 52.0678224264 +55 37 07.881619152 14.12 14.07 13.40     ~ 191 2
34 NGC 3098 GiG 10 02 16.6969955520 +24 42 39.887384724   13.00       ~ 134 0
35 NGC 3248 GiG 10 27 45.4389454896 +22 50 49.805614320   13.9       ~ 76 0
36 Mrk 33 AG? 10 32 31.956 +54 24 03.53 13.29 13.66 13.13 12.71 12.27 ~ 368 1
37 NGC 3266 GiG 10 33 17.6098160184 +64 44 57.720597360   13.5       ~ 64 0
38 Mrk 416 EmG 10 43 05.9728212816 +20 25 20.314454664   15.1       ~ 48 0
39 NGC 3384 GiG 10 48 16.8855574392 +12 37 45.371165844   10.0       ~ 596 1
40 NGC 3414 GiP 10 51 16.2099174408 +27 58 30.297624852   12.1       ~ 329 0
41 NGC 3522 GiG 11 06 40.4644062552 +20 05 07.900946304   14.13       ~ 105 1
42 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 508 0
43 Mrk 1301 GiG 11 35 49.9796445840 +35 20 06.829450944   14.5       ~ 74 0
44 NGC 3757 GiG 11 37 02.8650138288 +58 24 55.817369748   13.5       ~ 81 0
45 NGC 3922 GiG 11 51 13.4350927728 +50 09 24.771563208   13.8       ~ 53 0
46 NGC 3931 GiP 11 51 13.4504229480 +52 00 03.021500232   14.6       ~ 49 0
47 NGC 3941 Sy2 11 52 55.3609498656 +36 59 10.716212904   11.45 11.62 9.97   ~ 244 0
48 NGC 3955 EmG 11 53 57.1547672856 -23 09 51.315942528   12.30 11.90 11.19   ~ 97 0
49 NGC 4111 GiP 12 07 03.1334091672 +43 03 56.345868252 12.07 11.63 10.74     ~ 335 1
50 NGC 4117 Sy2 12 07 46.1195809200 +43 07 34.818483864   14.04       ~ 167 1
51 IC 3033 GiG 12 11 09.951 +13 35 15.02   14.92       ~ 84 1
52 NGC 4203 LIN 12 15 05.0549203560 +33 11 50.383965120   12.98 11.99     ~ 492 2
53 NGC 4216 GiP 12 15 54.444 +13 08 57.84 11.51 10.99 10.01     ~ 403 1
54 NGC 4262 GiG 12 19 30.5694336288 +14 52 39.517143276 13.00 12.49 11.55     ~ 356 1
55 NGC 4267 GiG 12 19 45.2735790120 +12 47 53.704780368   12.4       ~ 243 0
56 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 946 2
57 NGC 4283 GiG 12 20 20.7691223880 +29 18 39.154727556 13.47 13.00 12.07     ~ 199 1
58 NGC 4286 GiP 12 20 42.0901920360 +29 20 45.133999764   14.10       ~ 76 1
59 IC 3215 GiC 12 22 10.1785396080 +26 03 07.764959592   15.7       ~ 38 0
60 NGC 4309 GiP 12 22 12.349 +07 08 39.80   14.3       ~ 120 0
61 NGC 4346 GiG 12 23 27.9622537560 +46 59 37.642074396   12.3       ~ 112 0
62 LEDA 1261911 GiG 12 24 39.464 +03 59 43.74   15.3       ~ 60 0
63 NGC 4371 GiG 12 24 55.4333579760 +11 42 15.144247584 12.35 11.79 10.81     ~ 318 1
64 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1762 2
65 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 26 32.1 +12 43 24           ~ 6643 0
66 NGC 4434 GiG 12 27 36.6771662112 +08 09 15.640206876   13.2       ~ 258 0
67 NGC 4442 GiG 12 28 03.8815318272 +09 48 13.426522272   11.2       ~ 283 0
68 IC 796 GiG 12 29 26.4015421536 +16 24 16.339411620   14.07       ~ 78 1
69 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2093 2
70 NGC 4489 GiG 12 30 52.2472748976 +16 45 31.866359004   13.2       ~ 252 0
71 NGC 4492 GiG 12 30 59.7099543696 +08 04 40.424214828   14.1       ~ 132 0
72 NGC 4494 GiP 12 31 24.0391348536 +25 46 30.071664120   10.55 9.74     ~ 474 0
73 NGC 4503 GiP 12 32 06.2324986032 +11 10 34.960071396 12.66 12.05 11.07     ~ 215 1
74 NGC 4528 GiG 12 34 06.0685723920 +11 19 16.528093428 13.39 12.97 12.06     ~ 189 1
75 NGC 4546 Sy2 12 35 29.4931619736 -03 47 35.383858656 11.89 11.30 10.32     ~ 221 1
76 NGC 4550 GiP 12 35 30.5913588048 +12 13 14.921166792 12.97 12.56 11.68     ~ 537 1
77 M 90 Sy2 12 36 49.8009839880 +13 09 46.523813040 10.56 10.26 9.54     ~ 898 1
78 NGC 4599 Sy2 12 40 27.0959056416 +01 11 48.903766620   13.7   12.599   ~ 57 0
79 NGC 4629 AG? 12 42 32.728 -01 21 02.14   14.0   13.9 13.8 ~ 60 0
80 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1117 1
81 NGC 4643 LIN 12 43 20.1435647088 +01 58 41.716062264   11.9       ~ 266 0
82 NGC 4684 GiG 12 47 17.5097110680 -02 43 38.661355884   12.4       ~ 142 0
83 NGC 4694 AGN 12 48 15.091 +10 59 01.05   13.93 13.36     ~ 276 0
84 NGC 4733 GiP 12 51 06.7716245736 +10 54 43.486587972   13.2       ~ 141 0
85 NGC 4754 GiP 12 52 17.563 +11 18 49.18   11.6       ~ 284 0
86 NGC 4753 GiG 12 52 22.112 -01 11 58.88 11.26 10.85 9.95     ~ 274 1
87 NGC 4762 LIN 12 52 56.049 +11 13 50.88   11.1       ~ 360 0
88 NGC 4804 EmG 12 55 49.6669627200 -12 03 18.748939464   12   14.74   ~ 53 0
89 NGC 4818 Sy2 12 56 48.907 -08 31 31.08   11   10.88   ~ 149 0
90 NGC 4856 GiG 12 59 21.2433153888 -15 02 31.292291292   11   10.72   ~ 82 0
91 NGC 5103 GiG 13 20 30.1029602496 +43 05 02.219249040   13.6       ~ 93 0
92 NGC 5170 GiP 13 29 48.7664804592 -17 57 59.370796728   12.08 10.79 10.63 11.0 ~ 178 0
93 NGC 5273 Sy1 13 42 08.3801616672 +35 39 15.467518836   14.01 13.12     ~ 468 0
94 NGC 5338 AG? 13 53 26.5503668640 +05 12 27.975949560   14.3       ~ 112 0
95 NGC 5360 GiP 13 55 38.679 +04 59 05.09   14.9       ~ 66 0
96 NGC 5363 GiP 13 56 07.20 +05 15 17.3 12.59 12.12 10.51     ~ 227 0
97 NGC 6010 AG? 15 54 19.1553713880 +00 32 34.949952168   13.3       ~ 88 0
98 NGC 7180 EmG 22 02 18.4485183936 -20 32 52.182327624   13.61   12.17   ~ 78 1
99 NGC 7213 Sy1 22 09 16.2100443720 -47 10 00.115999716   10.97 12.08 10.50 10.6 ~ 653 0
100 NGC 7280 GiP 22 26 27.5758899936 +16 08 53.421593496   13.6       ~ 159 0

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