2016ApJS..227...25R


Query : 2016ApJS..227...25R

2016ApJS..227...25R - Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 227, 25-25 (2016/December-0)

Weak and compact radio emission in early high-mass star-forming regions. I. VLA observations.

ROSERO V., HOFNER P., CLAUSSEN M., KURTZ S., CESARONI R., ARAYA E.D., CARRASCO-GONZALEZ C., RODRIGUEZ L.F., MENTEN K.M., WYROWSKI F., LOINARD L. and ELLINGSEN S.P.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present a high-sensitivity radio continuum survey at 6 and 1.3 cm using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array toward a sample of 58 high-mass star-forming regions. Our sample was chosen from dust clumps within infrared dark clouds with and without IR sources (CMC-IRs and CMCs, respectively), and hot molecular cores (HMCs), with no previous, or relatively weak radio continuum detection at the 1 mJy level. Due to the improvement in the continuum sensitivity of the Very Large Array, this survey achieved map rms levels of ∼3-10 µJy beam–1 at sub-arcsecond angular resolution. We extracted 70 continuum sources associated with 1.2 mm dust clumps. Most sources are weak, compact, and prime candidates for high-mass protostars. Detection rates of radio sources associated with the millimeter dust clumps for CMCs, CMC-IRs, and HMCs are 6%, 53%, and 100%, respectively. This result is consistent with increasing high-mass star formation activity from CMCs to HMCs. The radio sources located within HMCs and CMC-IRs occur close to the dust clump centers, with a median offset from it of 12,000 au and 4000 au, respectively. We calculated 5-25 GHz spectral indices using power-law fits and obtained a median value of 0.5 (i.e., flux increasing with frequency), suggestive of thermal emission from ionized jets. In this paper we describe the sample, observations, and detections. The analysis and discussion will be presented in Paper II.

Abstract Copyright: © 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Journal keyword(s): radio continuum: ISM - ISM: jets and outflows - stars: formation - stars: massive - techniques: interferometric - techniques: interferometric

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJS/227/25): table1.dat table4.dat>

Simbad objects: 77

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Number of rows : 77
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA
ICRS (J2000)
DEC
Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024
#notes
1 3C 48 QSO 01 37 41.2996631208 +33 09 35.080388820   16.62 16.20     ~ 2815 2
2 W 3(H2O) Mas 02 27 04.6 +61 52 25           ~ 145 0
3 NAME Ori Trapezium OpC 05 35 16.5 -05 23 14           ~ 1619 1
4 M 42 HII 05 35 17 -05 23.4           ~ 4075 0
5 ICRF J054236.1+495107 Sy1 05 42 36.13789710 +49 51 07.2337139   18.45 17.80 17.210   ~ 1493 1
6 QSO J0650-1637 QSO 06 50 24.58185949 -16 37 39.7255562   22.09       ~ 113 1
7 [LKB2010] LDN 1657A-3 cor 07 05 00.69 -12 16 44.7           ~ 5 0
8 NAME UYSO 1 Y*O 07 05 11 -12 19.0           ~ 10 0
9 QSO J0730-116 QSO 07 30 19.11247452 -11 41 12.6006642     20.30 20.3   ~ 300 1
10 3C 286 Sy1 13 31 08.2883506368 +30 30 32.960091564   17.51 17.25     ~ 4341 2
11 MMB G011.109-00.114 Y*O 18 10 28.25 -19 22 29.1           ~ 56 0
12 GAL 012.89+00.49 HII 18 11 51.3 -17 31 29           ~ 183 0
13 [TBH2012] 574 cor 18 17 50.0242 -15 53 41.725           ~ 20 0
14 IRAS 18151-1208 Y*O 18 17 58.1254 -12 07 24.893           ~ 106 0
15 [RJS2006] MSXDC G015.31-00.16 MM3 mm 18 18 45.3 -15 41 58           ~ 10 0
16 NAME HH 80-81 HH 18 19 06 -20 51.4           ~ 224 0
17 QSO J1820-2528 QSO 18 20 57.84869964 -25 28 12.5840414   18.56       ~ 105 0
18 EGO G016.59-0.05 HII 18 21 07.9 -14 31 53           ~ 117 0
19 NAME IRDC 18223-3 Y*O 18 25 08 -12 45.5           ~ 71 0
20 HIGALBM G018.7010-00.2272 smm 18 25 52.6 -12 44 37           ~ 7 0
21 MMB G019.884-00.534 cor 18 29 14.37 -11 50 23.0           ~ 105 1
22 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1100 2
23 AGAL G022.376+00.447 Y*O 18 30 24 -09 10.6           ~ 43 0
24 [RJS2006] MSXDC G022.73+00.11 MM1 mm 18 32 13.0 -09 00 50           ~ 5 0
25 ICRF J183220.8-103511 G 18 32 20.83647 -10 35 11.1968           ~ 103 1
26 [RJS2006] MSXDC G023.60+00.00 MM6 mm 18 34 18.2 -08 18 52           ~ 6 0
27 [FCT2008] G23.01-0.41 mm 18 34 40.29 -09 00 38.1           ~ 5 0
28 MSX5C G023.0126-00.4177 MIR 18 34 42.2 -09 00 41           ~ 57 0
29 [RJS2006] MSXDC G024.33+00.11 MM4 mm 18 35 19.4 -07 37 17           ~ 11 0
30 RAFGL 5515 HII 18 36 29.0 -07 40 33           ~ 30 0
31 AGAL G025.409+00.106 cor 18 37 16 -06 38.6           ~ 53 0
32 [RJS2006] MSXDC G025.04-00.20 MM3 mm 18 38 10.2 -07 02 44           ~ 6 0
33 [RJS2006] MSXDC G025.04-00.20 MM1 mm 18 38 10.2 -07 02 34           ~ 10 0
34 AGAL G027.746+00.116 Y*O 18 41 33.0 -04 33 44           ~ 17 0
35 [RJS2006] MSXDC G028.23-00.19 MM3 mm 18 43 30.0 -04 12 33           ~ 6 0
36 AGAL G028.273-00.167 MoC 18 43 30.7 -04 13 12           ~ 35 0
37 [RJS2006] MSXDC G028.53-00.25 MM2 MoC 18 44 16.43 -03 59 22.3           ~ 15 0
38 AGAL G028.564-00.236 cor 18 44 17.69 -03 59 26.5           ~ 46 0
39 [RJS2006] MSXDC G028.53-00.25 MM4 MoC 18 44 17.78 -04 00 12.4           ~ 14 0
40 [BT2009] D10 mm 18 44 17.8 -04 00 05           ~ 9 0
41 IRAS 18437-0216 HII 18 46 22.7 -02 13 24           ~ 19 0
42 IRAS 18440-0148 cor 18 46 36.56 -01 45 21.2           ~ 59 0
43 AGAL G030.971-00.141 cor 18 48 22.0 -01 48 29           ~ 38 1
44 [RJS2006] MSXDC G030.97-00.14 MM2 mm 18 48 22.0 -01 47 42           ~ 5 0
45 IRAS 18470-0044 cor 18 49 37.81 -00 41 01.1           ~ 30 0
46 QSO J1851+005 QSO 18 51 46.7217 +00 35 32.414           ~ 44 0
47 AGAL G034.411+00.234 Y*O 18 53 18.0319 +01 25 25.500           ~ 94 0
48 AGAL G034.401+00.226 cor 18 53 18.6 +01 24 40           ~ 63 1
49 IRAS 18517+0437 SFR 18 54 13.8 +04 41 32           ~ 73 0
50 AGAL G034.757+00.024 cor 18 54 40.76 +01 38 05.0           ~ 36 0
51 [BT2009] H7 mm 18 56 59.2 +02 04 53           ~ 8 0
52 [RJS2006] MSXDC G035.59-00.24 MM2 mm 18 57 07.4 +02 16 14           ~ 6 0
53 IRAS 18553+0414 cor 18 57 53.37 +04 18 15.7           ~ 32 0
54 IRAS 18566+0408 Y*O 18 59 09.95520 +04 12 15.6240           ~ 133 0
55 AGAL G039.388-00.141 cor 19 03 45 +05 40.7           ~ 54 1
56 AGAL G038.957-00.466 Y*O 19 04 07.4 +05 08 48           ~ 23 0
57 IRAS 19035+0641 Y*O 19 06 01.6288 +06 46 36.140           ~ 78 0
58 ICRF J192559.6+210626 BLL 19 25 59.60535459 +21 06 26.1620257           ~ 203 1
59 AGAL G053.037+00.112 cor 19 28 55.5 +17 52 00           ~ 47 0
60 [RJS2006] MSXDC G053.11+00.05 MM2 mm 19 29 20.2 +17 57 06           ~ 11 0
61 [RJS2006] MSXDC G053.25+00.04 MM2 mm 19 29 33.0 +18 01 00           ~ 7 0
62 [RJS2006] MSXDC G053.25+00.04 MM4 mm 19 29 34.5 +18 01 39           ~ 7 0
63 IRAS 19282+1814 HII 19 30 28.1 +18 20 53           ~ 37 0
64 [OPC2015] l59-282 cor 19 41 04.7023 +23 55 23.996           ~ 5 0
65 [OPC2015] l59-104 cor 19 41 36.3879 +23 23 24.663           ~ 5 0
66 [WWS2012] G059.15-00.27 cor 19 43 04.678 +23 01 14.26           ~ 6 0
67 [OPC2015] l59-31 cor 19 43 17.644 +23 26 31.42           ~ 5 0
68 IRAS 19411+2306 cor 19 43 17.9613824400 +23 14 01.619818008           ~ 45 0
69 MSX6C G059.7654-00.0269 HII 19 43 29.8 +23 40 25           ~ 25 0
70 QSO B2005+40 QSO 20 07 44.9449261536 +40 29 48.603352020   18.5 19.00 20.3   ~ 301 1
71 IRAS 20126+4104 Y*O 20 14 25.8816769656 +41 13 36.879427236           B2.5-B0.5 440 0
72 QSO J2015+371 BLL 20 15 28.72978661 +37 10 59.5147372     21.82 21.4   ~ 299 2
73 CPM 35 cor 20 23 23.855 +41 17 40.49           ~ 57 0
74 SH 2-106 HII 20 27 26.8 +37 22 49           ~ 440 1
75 IRAS 20293+3952 HII 20 31 11.040 +40 03 10.69           ~ 75 0
76 IRAS 20343+4129 HII 20 36 07.1 +41 40 01           ~ 54 0
77 SH 2-140 OpC 22 19 07.8 +63 17 07           ~ 658 2

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