2018MNRAS.477.5327K

Query : 2018MNRAS.477.5327K

2018MNRAS.477.5327K - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 477, 5327-5337 (2018/July-2)

Climbing to the top of the galactic mass ladder: evidence for frequent prolate-like rotation among the most massive galaxies.

KRAJNOVIC D., EMSELLEM E., DEN BROK M., MARINO R.A., SCHMIDT K.B., STEINMETZ M. and WEILBACHER P.M.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the stellar velocity maps of 25 massive early-type galaxies located in dense environments observed with MUSE. Galaxies are selected to be brighter than MK = -25.7 mag, reside in the core of the Shapley Super Cluster or be the brightest galaxy in clusters richer than the Virgo Cluster. We thus targeted galaxies more massive than 1012 M☉ and larger than 10 kpc (half-light radius). The velocity maps show a large variety of kinematic features: oblate-like regular rotation, kinematically distinct cores, and various types of non-regular rotation. The kinematic misalignment angles show that massive galaxies can be divided into two categories: those with small or negligible misalignment and those with misalignment consistent with being 90°. Galaxies in this latter group, comprising just under half of our galaxies, have prolate-like rotation (rotation around the major axis). Among the brightest cluster galaxies the incidence of prolate-like rotation is 50 per cent, while for a magnitude limited sub-sample of objects within the Shapley Super Cluster (mostly satellites), 35 per cent of galaxies show prolate-like rotation. Placing our galaxies on the mass-size diagram, we show that they all fall on a branch extending almost an order of magnitude in mass and a factor of 5 in size from the massive end of galaxies, previously recognized as associated with major dissipation-less mergers. The presence of galaxies with complex kinematics and, particularly, prolate-like rotators suggests, according to current numerical simulations, that the most massive galaxies grow predominantly through dissipation-less equal-mass mergers.

Abstract Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: formation - galaxies: kinematics and dynamics - galaxies: structure

Simbad objects: 61

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Number of rows : 61
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 UGC 579 BiC 00 56 16.101 -01 15 19.77   14.40 14.45     ~ 78 1
2 IC 1647 GiG 01 13 14.6239605624 +38 53 07.440016236   15.2       ~ 13 0
3 UGC 797 BiC 01 14 57.5962100328 +00 25 50.962053144   15.5 13.9     ~ 73 1
4 NGC 708 BiC 01 52 46.482 +36 09 06.53 14.85 14.27 13.29 12.67 12.09 ~ 240 3
5 UGC 1416 Sy2 01 56 46.0537306752 +36 53 10.751541324   14.9   13.64   ~ 55 0
6 UGC 1525 BiC 02 02 17.310 -01 07 40.58   15.7       ~ 45 0
7 NGC 810 LIN 02 05 28.5494795136 +13 15 05.494803012   15.4       ~ 47 1
8 NGC 1052 Sy2 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1299 2
9 NGC 1060 GiG 02 43 15.045 +32 25 30.04 13.71 13.00 11.81     ~ 111 1
10 NGC 1222 Sy2 03 08 56.7398731608 -02 57 18.587969280   13.3   13.0 13.2 ~ 193 0
11 4C 39.12 rG 03 34 18.4162545072 +39 21 24.413823900   14.2       ~ 104 1
12 NAME A496cD BiC 04 33 37.8465077496 -13 15 42.989961204   13.95 14.22     ~ 100 1
13 ESO 307-13 BiC 06 00 41.120 -40 02 39.82   14.66   12.93   ~ 44 1
14 ESO 161-8 BiC 06 27 36.2649635808 -54 26 57.926377896   15.02   12.72   ~ 33 0
15 NGC 2484 Sy2 07 58 28.10812817 +37 47 11.8076475   14.15 14.9     ~ 268 1
16 NGC 2783 AGN 09 13 39.4766036016 +29 59 34.601211960   13.9   12.05   ~ 129 1
17 NGC 2832 BiC 09 19 46.853 +33 44 59.07   13.3 13.17     ~ 264 3
18 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1223 0
19 NGC 4356 GiG 12 24 14.535 +08 32 08.89   14.3       ~ 146 0
20 NGC 4365 GiG 12 24 28.228 +07 19 03.07   11.5       ~ 841 0
21 M 86 GiG 12 26 11.814 +12 56 45.49 10.32 9.83 8.90   7.50 ~ 1084 1
22 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 26 32.1 +12 43 24           ~ 6639 0
23 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7189 3
24 NGC 4589 LIN 12 37 24.9875 +74 11 30.903   12.0       ~ 285 1
25 ESO 443-4 BiC 12 54 22.2141014424 -29 00 46.515592764   14.53   12.93 13.62 ~ 36 1
26 NGC 4874 LIN 12 59 35.7093764280 +27 57 33.293892204 13.01 13.7 11.40 12.122 11.386 ~ 780 3
27 NAME SHAPLEY-CENTAURUS CL SCG 13 06.0 -33 04           ~ 605 0
28 2MASX J13232900-3150392 GiC 13 23 29.0181767136 -31 50 39.709744008   15.58   13.86 13.43 ~ 29 0
29 ACO 3556 ClG 13 24 06.2 -31 39 38           ~ 150 0
30 ESO 444-25 BiC 13 24 06.7145431752 -31 40 11.559586800   14.31   12.66 13.17 ~ 42 0
31 2MASX J13242275-3142239 GiC 13 24 22.7593317360 -31 42 23.839721424   15.56   13.85 13.62 ~ 33 1
32 2MASX J13261874-3057377 GiC 13 26 18.7600437936 -30 57 37.219378536   15.61   14.06 13.79 ~ 21 0
33 2MASX J13272961-3123237 GiC 13 27 29.6320274928 -31 23 24.218517660   15.55   13.69 13.30 ~ 39 0
34 6dFGS gJ132745.5-314751 GiC 13 27 45.4997947872 -31 47 50.720905860   12.19 12.49 13.83 13.53 ~ 32 0
35 ACO 3558 ClG 13 27 54.8 -31 29 32           ~ 442 2
36 6dFGS gJ132755.0-313219 GiC 13 27 54.9677532648 -31 32 18.771659844   15.81   13.87   ~ 32 0
37 ESO 444-46 BiC 13 27 56.884 -31 29 43.71   13.88 15 12.24 12.76 ~ 81 2
38 LEDA 47273 GiC 13 28 38.7140451336 -31 20 49.320836412   16.06   14.28 14.15 ~ 37 0
39 2MASX J13292810-3133048 GiC 13 29 28.1385439152 -31 33 04.578429276   10.83   14.03 13.73 ~ 32 0
40 LEDA 99188 GiC 13 31 53.3687 -31 55 35.634   18.63   17.14   ~ 7 0
41 2MASX J13320334-3146430 BiC 13 32 03.1619332728 -31 46 48.527873652   15.65   13.99 13.43 ~ 34 0
42 NGC 5216 Sy2 13 32 06.9115980360 +62 42 02.424417552   16.80 16.14     ~ 127 0
43 ACO 3562 ClG 13 33 31.8 -31 40 23           ~ 314 1
44 ESO 444-72 BiC 13 33 34.739 -31 40 20.16   14.40   12.83 13.42 ~ 51 0
45 2MASX J13335830-3129252 GiC 13 33 58.3343945136 -31 29 25.629009216   14.8   13.535   ~ 20 0
46 ESO 383-76 BiC 13 47 28.385 -32 51 54.02   13.02   11.53 12.50 ~ 61 1
47 MCG-02-36-002 BiC 14 01 41.8427019024 -11 36 24.845027796   15.00       ~ 111 2
48 NGC 5485 LIN 14 07 11.3594809920 +55 00 06.084219996 14.34 13.82 12.22     ~ 249 0
49 NGC 5557 GiG 14 18 25.708 +36 29 37.28   12.2       ~ 222 0
50 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 637 1
51 NGC 5846 BiC 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 849 1
52 NGC 5982 LIN 15 38 39.778 +59 21 21.21   12.4       ~ 293 0
53 NGC 6173 LIN 16 29 44.8864037664 +40 48 41.890972320   14.0       ~ 167 0
54 UGC 10695 LIN 17 05 05.5788082104 +43 02 35.344416012   14.7       ~ 46 0
55 NGC 6338 Bla 17 15 22.9752 +57 24 40.312   14.2   8   ~ 184 2
56 ESO 187-26 BiC 20 51 56.9381236368 -52 37 46.981121304   14.42   12.72   ~ 35 0
57 NGC 7052 rG 21 18 33.0441963648 +26 26 49.174586196 15.52 14.85 13.09     ~ 323 1
58 NGC 7252 EmG 22 20 44.7748209648 -24 40 41.909518200 12.26 12.46 12.06 11.57   ~ 703 1
59 NGC 7265 GiG 22 22 27.4862353560 +36 12 35.306166096   13.7       ~ 49 0
60 NGC 7274 GiG 22 24 11.074 +36 07 33.03   14.2       ~ 37 0
61 ESO 349-10 QSO 23 57 00.7406438328 -34 45 32.994968292   13.89 13.26 12.19   ~ 127 2

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