2009A&A...508...75V

Query : 2009A&A...508...75V

2009A&A...508...75V - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 508, 75-92 (2009/12-2)

A search for steep spectrum radio relics and halos with the GMRT.

VAN WEEREN R.J., ROETTGERING H.J.A., BRUEGGEN M. and COHEN A.

Abstract (from CDS):

Diffuse radio emission, in the form of radio halos and relics, traces regions in clusters with shocks or turbulence, probably produced by cluster mergers. The shocks and turbulence are important for the total energetics and detailed temperature distribution within the intracluster medium (ICM). Only a small fraction of clusters exhibit diffuse radio emission, whereas a large majority of well-studied clusters shows clear substructure in the ICM. Some models of diffuse radio emission in clusters indicate that virtually all clusters should contain diffuse radio sources with a steep spectrum. External accretion shocks associated with filamentary structures of galaxies could also accelerate electrons to relativistic energies and hence produce diffuse synchrotron emitting regions. The detection of radio emission from such filaments is important for our understanding of the origin of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM), and relativistic electrons and magnetic fields in the cosmic web. Here we report on Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations of a sample of steep spectrum sources from the 74MHz VLSS survey. These sources are diffuse on scales >15'', and not clearly associated with nearby (z≲0.1) galaxies. The main aim of the observations is to search for diffuse radio emission associated with galaxy clusters or the cosmic web. We have carried out GMRT 610MHz continuum observations of unidentified diffuse steep spectrum sources. We have constructed a sample of diffuse steep spectrum sources, selected from the 74MHz VLSS survey. We identified eight diffuse radio sources probably all located in clusters. We found five radio relics, one cluster with a giant radio halo and a radio relic, and one radio mini-halo. The giant radio halo has the highest radio power (P1.4) known to date. By complementing our observations with measurements from the literature we find correlations between the physical size of relics and the spectral index, in the sense that smaller relics have steeper spectra. Furthermore, larger relics are mostly located in the outskirts of clusters while smaller relics are located closer to the cluster center.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): radio continuum: galaxies - galaxies: active - galaxies: clusters: general - cosmology: large-scale structure of Universe

Simbad objects: 64

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Number of rows : 64
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 2E 0002.2-3515 X 00 04 48.5 -34 58 58           ~ 1 0
2 NVSS J000454-345635 Rad 00 04 54.043 -34 56 35.06           ~ 1 0
3 NVSS J000453-345634 Rad 00 04 54.787 -34 56 22.58           ~ 4 1
4 ACO 13 ClG 00 13 38.5 -19 30 19           ~ 100 1
5 ACO 2744 ClG 00 14 20.03 -30 23 17.8           ~ 813 0
6 ACO 85 ClG 00 41 36.21 -09 19 30.4           ~ 909 0
7 ACO 115 ClG 00 55 59.5 +26 19 14           ~ 270 1
8 ACO 133 ClG 01 02 41.5 -21 52 53           ~ 368 1
9 BWE 0116+1107 GrG 01 19 01.3 +11 23 23           ~ 14 3
10 3C 48 QSO 01 37 41.2996631208 +33 09 35.080388820   16.62 16.20     ~ 2815 2
11 VLSS J0227.4-1642 Rad 02 27 26.74 -16 42 47.2           ~ 1 0
12 VLSS J0250.5-1247 Rad 02 50 30.83 -12 47 30.3           ~ 1 0
13 ACO 521 ClG 04 54 08.6 -10 14 39           ~ 249 0
14 NVSS J051137+025419 Rad 05 11 38.0 +02 54 22           ~ 2 0
15 VLSS J0516.2+0103 Rad 05 16 17.89 +01 03 40.1           ~ 2 0
16 ICRF J054236.1+495107 Sy1 05 42 36.13789710 +49 51 07.2337139   18.45 17.80 17.210   ~ 1493 1
17 ACO 548 ClG 05 47 01.7 -25 36 59           B8 202 2
18 [KMA2007] 138.91895+25.19876 ClG 06 35 10.58 +75 31 55.4           ~ 6 0
19 LEDA 76039 G 06 46 52.3 -07 22 36           ~ 3 0
20 ClG J0717+3745 ClG 07 17 36.50 +37 45 23.0           ~ 463 0
21 B3 0714+378 Rad 07 17 36.6 +37 45 01           ~ 170 2
22 ACO 610 ClG 07 59 21.77 +27 08 29.2           ~ 46 0
23 SDSS J091541.94+251152.1 Rad 09 15 41.942 +25 11 52.11           ~ 2 0
24 NVSS J111705+700350 Rad 11 17 06.6 +70 03 51           ~ 4 1
25 ACO 1240 ClG 11 23 37.7 +43 03 28           ~ 98 0
26 UGC 6544 EmG 11 33 42.0372010704 +23 24 45.746134524   15.1       ~ 37 0
27 NAME Coma Relic Rad 12 55 +27.2           ~ 57 0
28 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 4800 2
29 BAX 199.3086-25.5133 ClG 13 14 25.4 -25 15 44           ~ 102 0
30 3C 286 Sy1 13 31 08.2883506368 +30 30 32.960091564   17.51 17.25     ~ 4341 2
31 ACO S 753 ClG 14 03 35.9 -33 59 16           ~ 85 1
32 SDSS J143149.62+133159.1 G 14 31 49.6224993504 +13 31 59.008445004           ~ 4 0
33 ACT-CL J1431.8+1331 ClG 14 31 50.09 +13 32 04.9           ~ 13 0
34 2MASS J14315375+1333152 Sy1 14 31 53.7774692352 +13 33 15.111504576   19.25 18.82     ~ 14 0
35 VLSS J1515.1+0424 Rad 15 15 09.18 +04 24 41.1           ~ 2 0
36 RX J1515.2+0421 X 15 15 12.5 +04 21 53           ~ 3 0
37 ACO 2048 ClG 15 15 14.11 +04 23 10.4           ~ 102 0
38 PMN J1515+0421 rG 15 15 25.0475186040 +04 21 45.419956092   17       ~ 24 1
39 ACO 2163 ClG 16 15 46.1 -06 08 50           ~ 562 0
40 SDSS J163634.94+332637.1 G 16 36 34.945 +33 26 37.17           ~ 1 0
41 ACO 2256 ClG 17 03 09.4 +78 39 36           ~ 885 1
42 1RXS J171034.0+684403 X 17 10 34.0 +68 44 03           ~ 1 0
43 VLSS J1710.5+6844 Rad 17 10 35.03 +68 44 58.4           ~ 1 0
44 VLSS J1930.4+1048 Rad 19 30 27.19 +10 48 02.5           ~ 1 0
45 ACO 3667 ClG 20 12 33.68 -56 50 26.3           ~ 627 1
46 VLSS J2043.9-1118 Rad 20 43 58.46 -11 18 45.6           ~ 2 0
47 NVSS J204443+044725 Rad 20 44 43.6 +04 47 25           ~ 2 0
48 4C 04.71 Rad 20 44 45.3 +04 44 05           ~ 11 1
49 VLSS J2122.9+0012 Rad 21 22 54.14 +00 12 03.4           ~ 1 0
50 ACO 2345 ClG 21 27 05.391 -12 09 07.41           ~ 131 0
51 NVSS J212709-120958 Rad 21 27 09.5 -12 09 58           ~ 132 1
52 VLSS J2209.5+1546 Rad 22 09 32.91 +15 46 29.9           ~ 2 0
53 NVSS J221312+341142 Rad 22 13 12.6 +34 11 46           ~ 5 1
54 VLSS J2217.5+5943 Rad 22 17 31.6 +59 43 07           ~ 9 0
55 NVSS J221736+594403 Rad 22 17 36.41 +59 44 03.2           ~ 1 0
56 VLSS J2229.1-0136 Rad 22 29 11.95 -01 36 58.7           ~ 1 0
57 VLSS J2241.3-1626 Rad 22 41 22.57 -16 25 35.7           ~ 2 0
58 NVSS J234104+123203 Rad 23 41 04.29 +12 32 03.4           ~ 1 0
59 VLSS J2341.1+1231 Rad 23 41 06.91 +12 31 36.9           ~ 1 0
60 NVSS J234107+123126 Rad 23 41 07.54 +12 31 26.9           ~ 1 0
61 VLSS J2345.2+2157 Rad 23 45 15.47 +21 57 55.1           ~ 1 0
62 RX J2345.3+2157 X 23 45 18.5 +21 57 53           ~ 3 0
63 ACO 4038 ClG 23 47 31.1 -28 12 10           ~ 335 3
64 VLSS J2357.0+0441 Rad 23 57 05.54 +04 41 14.7           ~ 1 0

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