2011A&A...536A..21P

Query : 2011A&A...536A..21P

2011A&A...536A..21P - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 536A, 21-21 (2011/12-1)

Planck early results. XXI. Properties of the interstellar medium in the Galactic lane.

PLANCK COLLABORATION, ADE P.A.R., AGHANIM N., ARNAUD M., ASHDOWN M., AUMONT J., BACCIGALUPI C., BAKER M., BALBI A., BANDAY A.J., BARREIRO R.B., BARTLETT J.G., BATTANER E., BENABED K., BENNETT K., BENOIT A., BERNARD J.-P., BERSANELLI M., BHATIA R., BOCK J.J., BONALDI A., BOND J.R., BORRILL J., BOUCHET F.R., BRADSHAW T., BREMER M., BUCHER M., BURIGANA C., BUTLER R.C., CABELLA P., CANTALUPO C.M., CAPPELLINI B., CARDOSO J.-F., CARR R., CASALE M., CATALANO A., CAYON L., CHALLINOR A., CHAMBALLU A., CHARRA J., CHARY R.-R., CHIANG L.-Y., CHIANG C., CHRISTENSEN P.R., CLEMENTS D.L., COLOMBI S., COUCHOT F., COULAIS A., CRILL B.P., CRONE G., CROOK M., CUTTAIA F., DANESE L., D'ARCANGELO O., DAVIES R.D., DAVIS R.J., DE BERNARDIS P., DE BRUIN J., DE GASPERIS G., DE ROSA A., DE ZOTTI G., DELABROUILLE J., DELOUIS J.-M., DESERT F.-X., DICK J., DICKINSON C., DOLAG K., DOLE H., DONZELLI S., DORE O., DOERL U., DOUSPIS M., DUPAC X., EFSTATHIOU G., ENSSLIN T.A., ERIKSEN H.K., FINELLI F., FOLEY S., FORNI O., FOSALBA P., FRAILIS M., FRANCESCHI E., FRESCHI M., GAIER T.C., GALEOTTA S., GALLEGOS J., GANDOLFO B., GANGA K., GIARD M., GIARDINO G., GIENGER G., GIRAUD-HERAUD Y., GONZALEZ J., GONZALEZ-NUEVO J., GORSKI K.M., GRATTON S., GREGORIO A., GRUPPUSO A., GUYOT G., HAISSINSKI J., HANSEN F.K., HARRISON D., HELOU G., HENROT-VERSILLE S., HERNANDEZ-MONTEAGUDO C., HERRANZ D., HILDEBRANDT S.R., HIVON E., HOBSON M., HOLMES W.A., HORNSTRUP A., HOVEST W., HOYLAND R.J., HUFFENBERGER K.M., JAFFE A.H., JAGEMANN T., JONES W.C., JUILLET J.J., JUVELA M., KANGASLAHTI P., KEIHAENEN E., KESKITALO R., KISNER T.S., KNEISSL R., KNOX L., KRASSENBURG M., KURKI-SUONIO H., LAGACHE G., LAEHTEENMAEKI A., LAMARRE J.-M., LANGE A.E., LASENBY A., LAUREIJS R.J., LAWRENCE C.R., LEACH S., LEAHY J.P., LEONARDI R., LEROY C., LILJE P.B., LINDEN-VORNLE M., LOPEZ-CANIEGO M., LOWE S., LUBIN P.M., MACIAS-PEREZ J.F., MACIASZEK T., MacTAVISH C.J., MAFFEI B., MAINO D., MANDOLESI N., MANN R., MARIS M., MARTINEZ-GONZALEZ E., MASI S., MASSARDI M., MATARRESE S., MATTHAI F., MAZZOTTA P., McDONALD A., McGEHEE P., MEINHOLD P.R., MELCHIORRI A., MELIN J.-B., MENDES L., MENNELLA A., MEVI C., MINISCALCO R., MITRA S., MIVILLE-DESCHENES M.-A., MONETI A., MONTIER L., MORGANTE G., MORISSET N., MORTLOCK D., MUNSHI D., MURPHY A., NASELSKY P., NATOLI P., NETTERFIELD C.B., NORGAARD-NIELSEN H.U., NOVIELLO F., NOVIKOV D., NOVIKOV I., O'DWYER I.J., ORTIZ I., OSBORNE S., OSUNA P., OXBORROW C.A., PAJOT F., PALADINI R., PARTRIDGE B., PASIAN F., PASSVOGEL T., PATANCHON G., PEARSON D., PEARSON T.J., PERDEREAU O., PEROTTO L., PERROTTA F., PIACENTINI F., PIAT M., PIERPAOLI E., PLASZCZYNSKI S., PLATANIA P., POINTECOUTEAU E., POLENTA G., PONTHIEU N., POPA L., POUTANEN T., PREZEAU G., PRUNET S., PUGET J.-L., RACHEN J.P., REACH W.T., REBOLO R., REINECKE M., REIX J.-M., RENAULT C., RICCIARDI S., RILLER T., RISTORCELLI I., ROCHA G., ROSSET C., ROWAN-ROBINSON M., RUBINO-MARTIN J.A., RUSHOLME B., SALERNO E., SANDRI M., SANTOS D., SAVINI G., SCHAEFER B.M., SCOTT D., SEIFFERT M.D., SHELLARD P., SIMONETTO A., SMOOT G.F., SOZZI C., STARCK J.-L., STERNBERG J., STIVOLI F., STOLYAROV V., STOMPOR R., STRINGHETTI L., SUDIWALA R., SUNYAEV R., SYGNET J.-F., TAPIADOR D., TAUBER J.A., TAVAGNACCO D., TAYLOR D., TERENZI L., TEXIER D., TOFFOLATTI L., TOMASI M., TORRE J.-P., TRISTRAM M., TUOVINEN J., TUERLER M., TUTTLEBEE M., UMANA G., VALENZIANO L., VALIVIITA J., VARIS J., VIBERT L., VIELVA P., VILLA F., VITTORIO N., WADE L.A., WANDELT B.D., WATSON C., WHITE S.D.M., WHITE M., WILKINSON A., YVON D., ZACCHEI A. and ZONCA A.

Abstract (from CDS):

Planck has observed the entire sky from 30GHz to 857GHz . The observed foreground emission contains contributions from different phases of the interstellar medium (ISM). We have separated the observed Galactic emission into the different gaseous components (atomic, molecular and ionised) in each of a number of Galactocentric rings. This technique provides the necessary information to study dust properties (emissivity, temperature, etc.), as well as other emission mechanisms as a function of Galactic radius. Templates are created for various Galactocentric radii using velocity information from atomic (neutral hydrogen) and molecular (¹²CO) observations. The ionised template is assumed to be traced by free-free emission as observed by WMAP, while 408 MHz emission is used to trace the synchrotron component. Gas emission not traced by the above templates, namely ``dark gas'', as evidenced using Planck data, is included as an additional template, the first time such a component has been used in this way. These templates are then correlated with each of the Planck frequency bands, as well as with higher frequency data from IRAS and DIRBE along with radio data at 1.4GHz. The emission per column density of the gas templates allows us to create distinct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) per Galactocentric ring and in each of the gaseous tracers from 1.4GHz to 25THz 12micronm. The resulting SEDs allow us to explore the contribution of various emission mechanisms to the Planck signal. Apart from the thermal dust and free-free emission, we have probed the Galaxy for anomalous (e.g., spinning) dust as well as synchrotron emission. We find the dust opacity in the solar neighbourhood, τ/N_H=0.92±0.05x10^–25cm² at 250µm, with no significant variation with Galactic radius, even though the dust temperature is seen to vary from over 25 K to under 14 K. Furthermore, we show that anomalous dust emission is present in the atomic, molecular and dark gas phases throughout the Galactic disk. Anomalous emission is not clearly detected in the ionised phase, as free-free emission is seen to dominate. The derived dust propeties associated with the dark gas phase are derived but do not allow us to reveal the nature of this phase. For all environments, the anomalous emission is consistent with rotation from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and, according to our simple model, accounts for (25±5)% (statistical) of the total emission at 30GHz.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): ISM: general - Galaxy: general - radio continuum: ISM - submillimeter: ISM - infrared: ISM - radiation mechanisms: general

Simbad objects: 1

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Number of rows : 1

N	Identifier	Otype	ICRS (J2000) RA	ICRS (J2000) DEC	Mag U	Mag B	Mag V	Mag R	Mag I	Sp type	#ref 1850 - 2024	#notes
1	NAME Galactic Center	reg	17 45 39.60213	-29 00 22.0000						~	14398	0

Query : 2011A&A...536A..21P

Basic data :

NAME Galactic Center -- Region defined in the Sky
Origin of the objects types : (Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref" (acronym) Object type linked to the acronym according to the original reference () Anterior to 2007, before we can link the objet type to a reference, or given by the CDS team in some particular cases Other object types:	`reg ()`, `gam (HESS,TeV,...)`, `HS? (2019A&A)`
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" : ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options) Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam) [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue), position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East) quality : flag of quality E ≥ 10" D : 1-10" (and some old data) C : 0.1-1" B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc A : VLBI, Hipparcos bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference ICRS coord. (ep=J2000) :	`17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000 (Gamma-ray) [ ] E 2018A&A...612A...1H`
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" : ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options) Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam) [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue), position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East) quality : flag of quality E ≥ 10" D : 1-10" (and some old data) C : 0.1-1" B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc A : VLBI, Hipparcos bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference FK4 coord. (ep=B1950 eq=1950) :	`17 42 28.87566 -28 59 12.3570 [ ]`
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" : ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options) Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam) [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue), position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East) quality : flag of quality E ≥ 10" D : 1-10" (and some old data) C : 0.1-1" B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc A : VLBI, Hipparcos bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference Gal coord. (ep=J2000) :	`359.94487501 -00.04391769 [ ]`

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`NAME Gal Centre`	`HESS J1745-290`	`NAME Gal Center`	`TeV J1745-290`
`GAL 000.0+00.0`	`NAME Galactic Centre`	`NAME Galactic Center`	`VER J1745-290`

References (14398 between 1850 and 2024) (Total 14398)
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