2021A&A...648A..18M

Query : 2021A&A...648A..18M

2021A&A...648A..18M - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 648A, 18-18 (2021/4-1)

Infrared photometry and CaT spectroscopy of globular cluster M 28 (NGC 6626).

MONI BIDIN C., MAURO F., CONTRERAS RAMOS R., ZOCCALI M., REINARZ Y., MOYANO M., GONZALEZ-DIAZ D., VILLANOVA S., CARRARO G., BORISSOVA J., CHENE A.-N., COHEN R.E., GEISLER D., KURTEV R. and MINNITI D.

Abstract (from CDS):


Context. Recent studies show that the inner Galactic regions host genuine bulge globular clusters, but also halo intruders, complex remnants of primordial building blocks, and objects likely accreted during major merging events.
Aims. In this study we focus on the properties of M 28, a very old and massive cluster currently located in the Galactic bulge.
Methods. We analysed wide-field infrared photometry collected by the VVV survey, VVV proper motions, and intermediate-resolution spectra in the calcium triplet range for 113 targets in the cluster area.
Results. Our results in general confirm previous estimates of the cluster properties available in the literature. We find no evidence of differences in metallicity between cluster stars, setting an upper limit of Δ[Fe/H]<0.08dex to any internal inhomogeneity. We confirm that M 28 is one of the oldest objects in the Galactic bulge (13-14Gyr). From this result and the literature data, we find evidence of a weak age-metallicity relation among bulge globular clusters that suggests formation and chemical enrichment. In addition, wide-field density maps show that M 28 is tidally stressed and that it is losing mass into the general bulge field.
Conclusions. Our study indicates that M 28 is a genuine bulge globular cluster, but its very old age and its mass loss suggest that this cluster could be the remnant of a larger structure, possibly a primeval bulge building block.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2021

Journal keyword(s): Galaxy: bulge - globular clusters: individual: M28 - globular clusters: general

Nomenclature: Table A.1: [MMC2021] NNN N=113 among (Nos 4-125).

Simbad objects: 134

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Number of rows : 134
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 C 1235-509 GlC 12 38 40.20 -51 09 01.0           ~ 377 0
2 NGC 5139 GlC 13 26 47.28 -47 28 46.1           ~ 3427 0
3 NGC 6304 GlC 17 14 32.25 -29 27 43.3           ~ 359 0
4 ESO 455-11 GlC 17 31 05.20 -29 58 54.0           ~ 169 0
5 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 14415 0
6 Cl Terzan 5 Cl* 17 48 05.00 -24 46 48.0           ~ 847 1
7 NGC 6440 GlC 17 48 52.67 -20 21 34.5           ~ 551 0
8 NGC 6522 GlC 18 03 34.08 -30 02 02.3           ~ 524 0
9 NGC 6528 GlC 18 04 49.61 -30 03 20.8   12.12 10.65     ~ 524 0
10 NGC 6553 GlC 18 09 15.68 -25 54 27.9   9.08       ~ 601 0
11 NGC 6558 GlC 18 10 17.6 -31 45 50           ~ 225 0
12 NGC 6569 GlC 18 13 38.88 -31 49 35.2   10.78 9.47     ~ 238 0
13 NGC 6624 GlC 18 23 40.51 -30 21 39.7           ~ 886 1
14 [MMC2021] 112 * 18 23 42.3 -24 52 00           ~ 1 0
15 [MMC2021] 117 * 18 23 43.8 -24 54 21           ~ 1 0
16 [MMC2021] 101 * 18 23 44.3 -24 54 43           ~ 1 0
17 [MMC2021] 114 * 18 23 48.6 -24 52 31           ~ 1 0
18 [MMC2021] 107 * 18 23 48.7 -24 58 22           ~ 1 0
19 [MMC2021] 102 * 18 23 51.8 -24 54 31           ~ 1 0
20 [MMC2021] 111 * 18 23 57.5 -24 52 09           ~ 1 0
21 [MMC2021] 90 * 18 23 57.8 -24 58 49           ~ 1 0
22 [MMC2021] 125 * 18 23 58.0 -24 48 13           ~ 1 0
23 [MMC2021] 94 * 18 23 59.7 -25 01 30           ~ 1 0
24 2MASS J18235997-2452264 * 18 23 59.97624 -24 52 26.4828           ~ 2 0
25 2MASS J18240180-2450479 * 18 24 01.80672 -24 50 47.9652           ~ 2 0
26 2MASS J18240219-2453358 * 18 24 02.19672 -24 53 35.8368           ~ 2 0
27 2MASS J18240469-2447239 * 18 24 04.69776 -24 47 23.9064           ~ 2 0
28 2MASS J18240551-2455107 * 18 24 05.51784 -24 55 10.7652           ~ 2 0
29 2MASS J18240580-2456406 * 18 24 05.80152 -24 56 40.6248           ~ 2 0
30 [MMC2021] 98 * 18 24 07.8 -25 03 00           ~ 1 0
31 2MASS J18241040-2451215 * 18 24 10.40016 -24 51 21.5676           ~ 2 0
32 2MASS J18241117-2447311 * 18 24 11.17104 -24 47 31.1928           ~ 2 0
33 2MASS J18241258-2456576 * 18 24 12.58536 -24 56 57.6960           ~ 2 0
34 2MASS J18241299-2455021 * 18 24 12.99792 -24 55 02.1756           ~ 2 0
35 2MASS J18241307-2450042 * 18 24 13.07136 -24 50 04.2792           ~ 2 0
36 2MASS J18241700-2448250 * 18 24 17.00472 -24 48 25.0884           ~ 2 0
37 2MASS J18241809-2459250 * 18 24 18.09096 -24 59 25.0512           ~ 2 0
38 [MMC2021] 4 * 18 24 18.6 -24 43 47           ~ 1 0
39 [MMC2021] 81 * 18 24 21.0 -25 04 17           ~ 1 0
40 2MASS J18242231-2458226 * 18 24 22.31448 -24 58 22.6740           ~ 2 0
41 2MASS J18242350-2457155 * 18 24 23.50416 -24 57 15.5700           ~ 2 0
42 NGC 6626 2128 * 18 24 23.5093159608 -24 51 55.625998896   15.51 14.02     ~ 3 0
43 NGC 6626 2121 * 18 24 23.7335476296 -24 52 33.786730488   14.95 14.46     ~ 4 0
44 [MMC2021] 20 * 18 24 24.1 -24 43 36           ~ 1 0
45 2MASS J18242560-2445151 * 18 24 25.60248 -24 45 15.1596           ~ 2 0
46 2MASS J18242594-2453567 * 18 24 25.94904 -24 53 56.7564           ~ 2 0
47 2MASS J18242641-2456308 * 18 24 26.41296 -24 56 30.8472           ~ 2 0
48 NGC 6626 1123 * 18 24 26.5015425048 -24 51 47.379038472   15.89 14.54     ~ 3 0
49 NGC 6626 1131 * 18 24 26.6372523600 -24 51 12.564327780   15.11 13.38     ~ 5 0
50 2MASS J18242668-2450219 * 18 24 26.68944 -24 50 21.9804           ~ 2 0
51 2MASS J18242758-2454010 * 18 24 27.58944 -24 54 01.0080           ~ 2 0
52 2MASS J18242769-2456257 * 18 24 27.69000 -24 56 25.7604           ~ 2 0
53 [MMC2021] 18 * 18 24 27.7 -24 40 41           ~ 1 0
54 2MASS J18242770-2458418 * 18 24 27.70152 -24 58 41.8476           ~ 2 0
55 [MMC2021] 17 * 18 24 27.9 -24 44 17           ~ 1 0
56 2MASS J18242792-2451160 RG* 18 24 27.9264931392 -24 51 16.040466504   16.07 14.64     ~ 4 0
57 [MMC2021] 16 * 18 24 29.5 -24 43 19           ~ 1 0
58 2MASS J18242988-2452183 * 18 24 29.88240 -24 52 18.3396           ~ 2 0
59 2MASS J18242994-2452314 * 18 24 29.94360 -24 52 31.4076           ~ 2 0
60 2MASS J18243018-2451045 * 18 24 30.18600 -24 51 04.5864           ~ 2 0
61 2MASS J18243085-2452362 * 18 24 30.85344 -24 52 36.2136           ~ 2 0
62 2MASS J18243130-2452471 RG* 18 24 31.2992347056 -24 52 47.165203740           ~ 3 0
63 2MASS J18243140-2451136 RG* 18 24 31.4020658664 -24 51 13.654680984           ~ 3 0
64 2MASS J18243183-2448288 * 18 24 31.83840 -24 48 28.8720           ~ 2 0
65 2MASS J18243261-2454159 * 18 24 32.61552 -24 54 15.9696           ~ 2 0
66 [MMC2021] 80 * 18 24 32.8 -25 00 03           ~ 1 0
67 M 28 GlC 18 24 32.89 -24 52 11.4           ~ 770 0
68 2MASS J18243291-2448430 * 18 24 32.91984 -24 48 43.0848           ~ 2 0
69 2MASS J18243296-2448103 * 18 24 32.96544 -24 48 10.3536           ~ 2 0
70 2MASS J18243307-2458103 * 18 24 33.07872 -24 58 10.3620           ~ 2 0
71 2MASS J18243335-2455482 * 18 24 33.35592 -24 55 48.2196           ~ 2 0
72 2MASS J18243338-2452397 * 18 24 33.38928 -24 52 39.7704           ~ 2 0
73 NGC 6626 2076 * 18 24 33.6388534584 -24 54 39.750065244   16.01 14.57     ~ 4 0
74 NGC 6626 1080 * 18 24 33.9166622184 -24 54 07.464628512           ~ 3 0
75 2MASS J18243436-2453156 * 18 24 34.36824 -24 53 15.6264           ~ 2 0
76 2MASS J18243450-2455379 * 18 24 34.50696 -24 55 37.9128           ~ 2 0
77 2MASS J18243493-2451454 * 18 24 34.93800 -24 51 45.4788           ~ 2 0
78 2MASS J18243495-2452044 * 18 24 34.95528 -24 52 04.4652           ~ 2 0
79 2MASS J18243590-2452090 RG* 18 24 35.909 -24 52 09.09           ~ 3 0
80 2MASS J18243617-2454472 * 18 24 36.17520 -24 54 47.2896           ~ 2 0
81 2MASS J18243630-2457237 * 18 24 36.30312 -24 57 23.7384           ~ 2 0
82 NGC 6626 2012 * 18 24 36.7326012048 -24 50 14.839950084   16.22 14.77     ~ 4 0
83 2MASS J18243673-2450420 * 18 24 36.73824 -24 50 42.0180           ~ 2 0
84 2MASS J18243694-2452023 * 18 24 36.94872 -24 52 02.3952           ~ 2 0
85 2MASS J18243695-2452419 * 18 24 36.95424 -24 52 41.9484           ~ 2 0
86 2MASS J18243700-2445552 * 18 24 37.00296 -24 45 55.2744           ~ 2 0
87 Cl* NGC 6626 ALC N * 18 24 37.1696001336 -24 44 33.124250688   15.68 14.12     ~ 2 0
88 2MASS J18243742-2449068 * 18 24 37.42488 -24 49 06.8088           ~ 2 0
89 2MASS J18243766-2453078 * 18 24 37.66776 -24 53 07.8072           ~ 2 0
90 2MASS J18243767-2448522 * 18 24 37.67352 -24 48 52.2936           ~ 2 0
91 NGC 6626 1012 * 18 24 37.8730244904 -24 50 50.858892528   15.76 14.34     ~ 3 0
92 2MASS J18243874-2450212 * 18 24 38.74992 -24 50 21.2964           ~ 2 0
93 2MASS J18243895-2459025 * 18 24 38.95968 -24 59 02.5476           ~ 2 0
94 2MASS J18243900-2451077 RG* 18 24 39.0003651360 -24 51 07.832647656   16.58 14.10     ~ 4 0
95 NGC 6626 1047 * 18 24 39.1582671840 -24 52 40.303106220   15.48 13.96     ~ 3 0
96 2MASS J18243938-2454521 * 18 24 39.38400 -24 54 52.1208           ~ 2 0
97 2MASS J18244111-2448253 * 18 24 41.11944 -24 48 25.3224           ~ 2 0
98 2MASS J18244132-2454180 * 18 24 41.32416 -24 54 18.0288           ~ 2 0
99 2MASS J18244149-2454344 * 18 24 41.49672 -24 54 34.4268           ~ 2 0
100 2MASS J18244185-2449272 * 18 24 41.85384 -24 49 27.2064           ~ 2 0
101 NGC 6626 2036 * 18 24 42.0288819288 -24 51 30.167159400   15.63 14.13     ~ 4 0
102 NGC 6626 2048 * 18 24 42.0305384640 -24 52 20.585558352   16.52 15.08     ~ 3 0
103 2MASS J18244218-2445249 * 18 24 42.18072 -24 45 24.9876           ~ 2 0
104 NGC 6626 2043 * 18 24 43.3052500896 -24 51 49.718172816   14.94 14.54     ~ 4 0
105 2MASS J18244331-2456167 * 18 24 43.31112 -24 56 16.7424           ~ 2 0
106 2MASS J18244557-2458436 * 18 24 45.57528 -24 58 43.6584           ~ 2 0
107 2MASS J18244667-2448530 * 18 24 46.67808 -24 48 53.0352           ~ 2 0
108 2MASS J18244734-2453186 * 18 24 47.34696 -24 53 18.6072           ~ 2 0
109 2MASS J18244756-2450418 * 18 24 47.56992 -24 50 41.8812           ~ 2 0
110 2MASS J18244767-2458117 * 18 24 47.67792 -24 58 11.7840           ~ 2 0
111 VVV J182449.40-245207.66 V* 18 24 49.40 -24 52 07.7           ~ 2 0
112 2MASS J18244979-2456290 * 18 24 49.79184 -24 56 29.0616           ~ 2 0
113 2MASS J18245073-2452448 * 18 24 50.73144 -24 52 44.8644           ~ 2 0
114 [MMC2021] 24 * 18 24 51.5 -24 44 03           ~ 1 0
115 2MASS J18245183-2454000 * 18 24 51.83856 -24 54 00.0000           ~ 2 0
116 2MASS J18245191-2454431 * 18 24 51.91368 -24 54 43.1964           ~ 2 0
117 2MASS J18245274-2455119 * 18 24 52.74144 -24 55 11.9604           ~ 2 0
118 2MASS J18245370-2456117 * 18 24 53.70216 -24 56 11.7312           ~ 2 0
119 2MASS J18245400-2454127 * 18 24 54.00504 -24 54 12.7836           ~ 2 0
120 2MASS J18245631-2450090 * 18 24 56.31408 -24 50 09.0060           ~ 2 0
121 2MASS J18245683-2448137 * 18 24 56.83560 -24 48 13.7160           ~ 2 0
122 [MMC2021] 21 * 18 24 57.4 -24 44 21           ~ 1 0
123 2MASS J18245789-2450194 * 18 24 57.89760 -24 50 19.4208           ~ 2 0
124 2MASS J18250407-2453249 * 18 25 04.07664 -24 53 24.9252           ~ 2 0
125 [MMC2021] 42 * 18 25 06.4 -24 52 04           ~ 1 0
126 [MMC2021] 44 * 18 25 12.1 -24 50 28           ~ 1 0
127 [MMC2021] 57 * 18 25 21.2 -24 55 03           ~ 1 0
128 M 69 GlC 18 31 23.10 -32 20 53.1           ~ 462 0
129 NGC 6652 GlC 18 35 45.63 -32 59 26.6           ~ 439 0
130 M 22 GlC 18 36 23.94 -23 54 17.1           ~ 1379 0
131 M 54 GlC 18 55 03.33 -30 28 47.5           ~ 1069 0
132 NGC 6717 GlC 18 55 06.04 -22 42 05.3           ~ 244 0
133 NGC 6723 GlC 18 59 33.15 -36 37 56.1           ~ 500 0
134 NAME Galactic Bulge reg ~ ~           ~ 4299 0

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