2021A&A...656A.133Q

Query : 2021A&A...656A.133Q

2021A&A...656A.133Q - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 656A, 133-133 (2021/12-1)

Stellar structures, molecular gas, and star formation across the PHANGS sample of nearby galaxies.

QUEREJETA M., SCHINNERER E., MEIDT S., SUN J., LEROY A.K., EMSELLEM E., KLESSEN R.S., MUNOZ-MATEOS J.C., SALO H., LAURIKAINEN E., BESLIC I., BLANC G.A., CHEVANCE M., DALE D.A., EIBENSTEINER C., FAESI C., GARCIA-RODRIGUEZ A., GLOVER S.C.O., GRASHA K., HENSHAW J., HERRERA C., HUGHES A., KRECKEL K., KRUIJSSEN J.M.D., LIU D., MURPHY E.J., PAN H.-A., PETY J., RAZZA A., ROSOLOWSKY E., SAITO T., SCHRUBA A., USERO A., WATKINS E.J. and WILLIAMS T.G.

Abstract (from CDS):

We identify stellar structures in the PHANGS sample of 74 nearby galaxies and construct morphological masks of sub-galactic environments based on Spitzer 3.6 µm images. At the simplest level, we distinguish five environments: centres, bars, spiral arms, interarm regions, and discs without strong spirals. Slightly more sophisticated masks include rings and lenses, which are publicly released but not explicitly used in this paper. We examine trends with environment in the molecular gas content, star formation rate, and depletion time using PHANGS-ALMA CO(2-1) intensity maps and tracers of star formation. The interarm regions and discs without strong spirals clearly dominate in area, whereas molecular gas and star formation are quite evenly distributed among the five basic environments. We reproduce the molecular Kennicutt-Schmidt relation with a slope compatible with unity within the uncertainties and without significant slope differences among environments. In contrast to what has been suggested by early studies, we find that bars are not always deserts devoid of gas and star formation, but instead they show large diversity. Similarly, spiral arms do not account for most of the gas and star formation in disc galaxies, and they do not have shorter depletion times than the interarm regions. Spiral arms accumulate gas and star formation, without systematically boosting the star formation efficiency. Centres harbour remarkably high surface densities and on average shorter depletion times than other environments. Centres of barred galaxies show higher surface densities and wider distributions compared to the outer disc; yet, depletion times are similar to unbarred galaxies, suggesting highly intermittent periods of star formation when bars episodically drive gas inflow, without enhancing the central star formation efficiency permanently. In conclusion, we provide quantitative evidence that stellar structures in galaxies strongly affect the organisation of molecular gas and star formation, but their impact on star formation efficiency is more subtle.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2021

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: structure - galaxies: ISM - galaxies: star formation

Simbad objects: 77

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Number of rows : 77
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 M 74 G 01 36 41.7451236624 +15 47 01.107512304 10.52 10.00 9.46 9.16   ~ 1732 1
2 NGC 685 Sy2 01 47 42.8337567552 -52 45 42.808467960   12.02   11.08 11.9 ~ 111 0
3 NGC 1097 LIN 02 46 19.059 -30 16 29.68 10.46 9.97 9.48 8.72 9.8 ~ 1340 3
4 NGC 1087 H2G 02 46 25.1550134904 -00 29 55.457857644   11.5   11.4 11.5 ~ 329 0
5 NGC 1300 Sy2 03 19 41.0462219928 -19 24 40.187565432   11.16 10.42 9.90 10.7 ~ 536 0
6 NGC 1317 GiP 03 22 44.2823209512 -37 06 13.180903956 12.20 11.78 11.02 10.22   ~ 213 1
7 IC 1954 GiG 03 31 31.393 -51 54 17.54   12.14   11.15 11.8 ~ 121 0
8 NGC 1365 Sy1 03 33 36.458 -36 08 26.37 10.48 10.08 9.63 8.79 9.7 ~ 1799 2
9 NGC 1385 EmG 03 37 28.323 -24 30 04.60 11.28 11.50 10.94 10.45 11.7 ~ 271 2
10 NGC 1433 Sy2 03 42 01.4847418992 -47 13 18.929092656   10.84 9.99 9.61 10.2 ~ 385 0
11 NGC 1511 GiP 03 59 36.98373 -67 38 03.3430   11.97   10.74 11.1 ~ 137 0
12 NGC 1512 GiP 04 03 54.281 -43 20 55.86 11.30 11.43 10.54 10.37   ~ 395 1
13 NGC 1546 EmG 04 14 36.542 -56 03 38.92 12.15 12.31 10.92 10.84 11.2 ~ 111 1
14 NGC 1559 GiG 04 17 35.7508602240 -62 47 01.251567384   11.19 10.45 10.11 10.4 ~ 281 1
15 NGC 1566 Sy1 04 20 00.3968473248 -54 56 16.624708764 10.29 10.19 9.73 9.21 10.1 ~ 910 2
16 NGC 1637 Sy2 04 41 28.1926876152 -02 51 28.667815488   11.4   11.0 11.3 ~ 418 0
17 NGC 1672 SyG 04 45 42.552 -59 14 50.68 10.29 10.53 9.68 9.53 10.2 ~ 399 1
18 NGC 1809 GiG 05 02 05.008 -69 34 05.82   12.1   11.3 11.4 ~ 57 0
19 NGC 1792 Sy1 05 05 14.4036930408 -37 58 50.064531168   10.68 10.18 9.53 10.4 ~ 233 1
20 NGC 2090 GiG 05 47 01.8557074752 -34 15 01.679264784 12.17 11.70 11.20 10.43 11.0 ~ 186 1
21 NGC 2283 AG? 06 45 52.7901073776 -18 12 37.550287368   12.94   10.72 11.8 ~ 60 0
22 NGC 2566 GiG 08 18 45.608 -25 29 58.27   11.81   10.50 11.2 ~ 81 0
23 NGC 2775 AG? 09 10 20.1334093488 +07 02 16.874157048   11.417 10.481 9.920 8.994 ~ 355 0
24 NGC 2835 EmG 09 17 52.8523921416 -22 21 16.839119700   11.03   10.32 10.9 ~ 240 0
25 NGC 2905 H2G 09 32 10.111 +21 30 02.99 10.44 9.75 9.07 8.68   ~ 1116 3
26 NGC 2997 GiG 09 45 38.7542237472 -31 11 27.345810192   9.97 9.41 8.84 9.9 ~ 421 0
27 NGC 3059 EmG 09 50 08.181 -73 55 19.96   11.56 11.24 10.66 11.5 ~ 93 0
28 NGC 3137 Sy2 10 09 07.478 -29 03 51.48   12.21   10.80 11.9 ~ 67 0
29 NGC 3239 AG? 10 25 04.867 +17 09 49.21   13.5       ~ 182 0
30 M 95 GiP 10 43 57.7313485800 +11 42 13.301191332 10.71 10.51 9.73 9.48   ~ 1120 2
31 NGC 3511 EmG 11 03 23.8201544712 -23 05 12.133861188   11.66   10.53 11.1 ~ 156 0
32 NGC 3507 GiP 11 03 25.3619733360 +18 08 07.607343732   11.4       ~ 184 0
33 NGC 3521 G 11 05 48.5680991376 -00 02 09.245076540 10.06 9.83 9.02 10.1 9.6 ~ 817 2
34 NGC 3596 H2G 11 15 06.2081129496 +14 47 13.284196332   12.01 11.49 10.99 10.45 ~ 203 0
35 NGC 3621 Sy2 11 18 16.300 -32 48 45.36 10.10 9.44 9.56 8.07 10.1 ~ 590 3
36 NGC 3626 GiG 11 20 03.8069651160 +18 21 24.543304164   11.2       ~ 258 0
37 M 66 GiP 11 20 15.0 +12 59 29 9.85 9.65 8.92     ~ 1385 4
38 NGC 4207 GiG 12 15 30.436 +09 35 05.78   13.7       ~ 165 0
39 M 99 H2G 12 18 49.625 +14 24 59.36 10.45 10.44 9.87     ~ 918 2
40 NGC 4293 LIN 12 21 12.891 +18 22 56.64   11.6       ~ 291 2
41 NGC 4298 GiP 12 21 32.7578814360 +14 36 22.048690716   12.04 11.34     ~ 326 1
42 M 61 Sy2 12 21 54.9282582888 +04 28 25.597367184 10.07 10.18 9.65     ~ 995 2
43 M 100 AGN 12 22 54.9299993592 +15 49 20.296257960 10.04 10.05 9.35     ~ 1844 2
44 NGC 4424 H2G 12 27 11.5741235616 +09 25 14.330453700   13.1       ~ 359 0
45 NGC 4457 LIN 12 28 59.0252479200 +03 34 14.215556928   11.9       ~ 308 0
46 NGC 4505 GiP 12 31 39.2222392512 +03 56 21.641352828   11.71       ~ 351 0
47 NGC 4535 H2G 12 34 20.3443516704 +08 11 51.908488116   11.1       ~ 615 0
48 NGC 4536 GiP 12 34 27.1 +02 11 18 11.14 11.16 10.55 17.393   ~ 852 3
49 NGC 4540 GiG 12 34 50.8741239840 +15 33 06.116283900   12.5       ~ 195 1
50 M 91 LIN 12 35 26.4446761320 +14 29 46.760333748   14.63 13.57     ~ 592 0
51 M 90 Sy2 12 36 49.8009839880 +13 09 46.523813040 10.56 10.26 9.54     ~ 897 1
52 NGC 4571 GiP 12 36 56.3722998960 +14 13 02.296534836   13.6       ~ 339 1
53 M 58 Sy2 12 37 43.5 +11 49 06 10.80 10.48 9.66     ~ 1077 2
54 NGC 4654 GiP 12 43 56.638 +13 07 34.86   11.8       ~ 565 1
55 NGC 4689 H2G 12 47 45.5568088416 +13 45 46.135889100   12.8       ~ 385 0
56 NGC 4694 AGN 12 48 15.091 +10 59 01.05   13.93 13.36     ~ 276 0
57 NGC 4731 Sy2 12 51 01.095 -06 23 34.98   12.0   16.23 12.0 ~ 176 0
58 NGC 4781 Sy2 12 54 23.7751070304 -10 32 13.803431280   11.8   11.28 11.7 ~ 144 0
59 M 64 SyG 12 56 43.696 +21 40 57.57   9.36 8.52     ~ 939 2
60 NGC 4941 Sy2 13 04 13.1036380320 -05 33 05.752803672   13.18 12.23 10.74   ~ 368 0
61 NGC 4951 Sy2 13 05 07.7079609936 -06 29 37.815206856   12.5   11.45 12.1 ~ 86 0
62 NGC 5042 EmG 13 15 31.3408530288 -23 58 56.693694144   12.49   11.21 11.6 ~ 83 0
63 NGC 5068 AG? 13 18 54.807 -21 02 20.76 11.24 10.53 10.01 9.78 10.1 ~ 291 0
64 NGC 5134 EmG 13 25 18.5250908808 -21 08 03.066281880   12.11   10.77 11.3 ~ 109 0
65 NAME Centaurus A Sy2 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4482 3
66 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4328 4
67 NGC 5248 GiG 13 37 32.0145074088 +08 53 06.496982448   11.4       ~ 506 0
68 NGC 5530 AG? 14 18 27.10 -43 23 14.8   11.78 11.00 10.84 11.4 ~ 94 0
69 NGC 5643 Sy2 14 32 40.778 -44 10 28.60   11.03 13.60 9.92 10.6 ~ 571 0
70 NGC 6300 Sy2 17 16 59.5418094960 -62 49 13.946588832   10.88 13.08 9.44 10.2 ~ 431 0
71 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 14396 0
72 NGC 6744 GiG 19 09 46.1335950504 -63 51 26.897079024   9.28 8.25 8.08 9.6 ~ 275 0
73 NGC 6946 H2G 20 34 52.332 +60 09 13.24   10.5       ~ 2527 2
74 IC 5273 EmG 22 59 26.719 -37 42 10.36   11.90 11.45 11.07 11.6 ~ 135 0
75 NGC 7456 Sy2 23 02 10.3552289496 -39 34 09.916618440   12.27   11.45 12.0 ~ 103 0
76 NGC 7496 Sy2 23 09 47.2876854912 -43 25 40.279652796   11.92 13.90 10.95 11.5 ~ 292 1
77 IC 5332 GiG 23 34 27.488 -36 06 03.89 11.59 11.27 10.72 10.50 11.2 ~ 178 0

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