CDS

2010A&A...519A..85V

Query : 2010A&A...519A..85V

2010A&A...519A..85V - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 519, A85-85 (2010/9-1)

Unevenly-sampled signals: a general formalism for the Lomb-Scargle periodogram.

VIO R., ANDREANI P. and BIGGS A.

Abstract (from CDS):

The periodogram is a popular tool that tests whether a signal consists only of noise or if it also includes other components. The main issue of this method is to define a critical detection threshold that allows identification of a component other than noise, when a peak in the periodogram exceeds it. In the case of signals sampled on a regular time grid, determination of such a threshold is relatively simple. When the sampling is uneven, however, things are more complicated. The most popular solution in this case is to use the Lomb-Scargle periodogram, but this method can be used only when the noise is the realization of a zero-mean, white (i.e. flat-spectrum) random process. In this paper, we present a general formalism based on matrix algebra, which permits analysis of the statistical properties of a periodogram independently of the characteristics of noise (e.g. colored and/or non-stationary), as well as the characteristics of sampling.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): methods: data analysis - methods: statistical

Simbad objects: 1

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Number of rows : 1
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2023 		#notes
1 QSO B0218+357 QSO 02 21 05.4920852208 +35 56 13.848581904   20.0 20.0 19.60   ~ 535 3

Query : 2010A&A...519A..85V

Basic data :
QSO B0218+357 -- Quasar
Origin of the objects types :

(Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref"
(acronym) Object type linked to the acronym according to the original reference
() Anterior to 2007, before we can link the objet type to a reference, or given by the CDS team in some particular cases

Other object types: 		Rad (2014ApJS,B2,...), gam (0FGL,1FGL,...), QSO (2010ApJ,QSO,...), Bla (2009A&A,[MGL2009],...), AGN (2011ApJ,CGRaBS), Bz? (2013ApJS), MIR (WISEA,WISE), BLL ([VV2000b]), LeQ (2010A&A), * (Gaia)
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
ICRS coord. (ep=J2000) : 		02 21 05.4920852208 +35 56 13.848581904 (Optical) [ 0.6789 0.5596 90 ] A 2020yCat.1350....0G
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
FK4 coord. (ep=B1950 eq=1950) : 		02 18 04.1481859503 +35 42 31.905428591 [ 0.6789 0.5596 90 ]
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
Gal coord. (ep=J2000) : 		142.6017556453413 -23.4867590680300 [ 0.6789 0.5596 90 ]
Syntax of proper motions is : "pm-ra pm-dec [error ellipse] quality bibcode"
  • pm-ra : mu-ra*cos(dec) (expressed in the ICRS system in mas/yr)
  • pm-dec : mu-dec (expressed in the ICRS system in mas/yr)
  • [error ellipse] : error major axis and minor axis (in mas), orientation angle (in deg)
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the proper motion reference
Proper motions mas/yr : 		1.268 0.853 [1.042 0.810 90] A 2020yCat.1350....0G
Syntax of radial velocity (or/and redshift) is : "value [error] (wavelength) quality bibcode"
  • value : radial velocity or/and redshift (Heliocentric frame) according to your Output Options
    (redshift may be not displayed if the data value is <0 and the database inside value is a radial velocity)
  • [error] : error of the corresponding value displayed before
  • (wavelength) : wavelength range of the measurement : Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam or  '∼'(unknown)
  • quality : flag of quality ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the value's origin
Radial velocity / Redshift / cz : 		V(km/s) 175952 [~] / z(~) 0.96 [~] / cz 287801 [~]
   D 2008A&A...478...95Y
Syntax of morphological type is : mtype quality bibcode
  • mtype : Hubble morphological class (spirals, ellipticals, etc)
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the morphological type reference
Morphological type: 		S D ~
Syntax of fluxes (or magnitudes) is : "filter-name (System) flux-value [error] quality MultVarFlags bibcode"
  • filter-name : U, B, V, R, I, G, J, H, K, u, g, r, i, z
  • (System) : may be AB (default is Vega)
  • flux-value : value of flux or magnitude
  • [error] : error value
  • quality : flag of quality of the flux value ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • MultVarFlags : Mult is zero or one char (J) for joined photometry ; Var can be zero or two chars (V[0-4])
  • bibcode : bibcode of the flux reference
Fluxes (7) :
B 20.0 [~] E ~
V 20.0 [~] E ~
R 19.60 [~] D 2008ApJS..175...97H
G 20.089766 [0.007478] C 2020yCat.1350....0G
J 16.893 [0.159] D 2003yCat.2246....0C
H 15.856 [0.123] D 2003yCat.2246....0C
K 14.849 [0.102] D 2003yCat.2246....0C
SIMBAD within arcmin
', {sourceSize:12, color:'#30a090'})); aladin.on('objectClicked', function(object) { var objName=object.data.MAIN_ID; aladin.showPopup(object.ra,object.dec,'',''+ objName+''); });" title="Show Simbad objects"> Overlay Simbad points in this preview
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within arcsec The VizieR photometry tool allows for easy visualization of photometry points extracted around the Simbad position from photometry-enabled catalogues in VizieR.
The search radius has to be specified by the user. It is currently limited to a maximum of 30 arcsec. It depends mostly on the precision or quality of the coordinates (SIMBAD and VizieR catalogs), the resolution of the images from which the sources were extracted, source extent, and source crowding.
Suggestions are: crowded field: 0.5 to 1.5 arcsec, 3 arcsec otherwise; uncertain coordinates (SIMBAD quality E or coordinates without reference): 5 to 30 arsec (risky!). sed-help-icon
Some important notes on this object about identifications and objects associations.
notes:

The link on the acronym of the identifiers give access to the information for this acronym in the dictionary of nomenclature.
Identifiers (65) :
An access of full data is available using the icon Vizier near the identifier of the catalogue

QSO B0218+357 1FHL J0221.1+3555 MY 021802.8+354235.2 WISEA J022105.48+355613.7
B2 0218+35 2FHL J0221.1+3556 MY 021802.8+355617.1 WISE J022105.47+355613.7
B2.3 0218+35 3FHL J0221.1+3556 NRAO 0218+35 WISE J022105.48+355613.7
B2 0218+357 1FLE J0221+3604 NVSS J022105+355613 WN B0218.0+3542
BWE 0218+3542 GB6 B0218+3542 OHIO D 330 9Y-MST J0221+3556
CGRaBS J0221+3556 87GB 021804.0+354230 QSO B0218+3542 [MGL2009] BZU J0221+3556
CJ1 0218+357 GRA B0218+35 QSO J0221+3556 [MML2015] 5BZU J0221+3556
CJF B0218+357 GRA J0220+35 RORF 0218+357 [VV2000b] J022105.4+355615
CLASS B0218+357 IERS B0218+357 S3 0218+35 [VV2003] J022105.4+355615
CLASS J022105.4705+355613.723 JVAS B0218+357 S4 0218+357 [VV2006] J022105.4+355615
CLASS J022105.4679+355613.737 JVAS J0221+359 S4 0218+35 [VV2010] J022105.4+355615
CLASS J022105.4679+355613.723 JVAS J0221+3556 TeV J0218+359 [VV96] J022105.4+355615
0FGL J0220.9+3607 1Jy 0218+35 TIC 129790256 [VV98] J022105.4+355615
1FGL J0221.0+3555 1Jy 0218+357 TXS 0218+357 Gaia DR3 328069053976561536
2FGL J0221.0+3555 2MASS J02210547+3556137 VLSS J0221.0+3556
3FGL J0221.1+3556 MITG J0221+3555 VSOP J0221+3556
4FGL J0221.1+3556 MITG J022105+3555 WB 0218+3542

References (535 between 1850 and 2023) (Total 535)
Simbad bibliographic survey began in 1850 for stars (at least bright stars) and in 1983 for all other objects (outside the solar system).
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Collections of Measurements


velocities : 3    PM : 1   

   

Observing logs


herschel : 1   

   

External archives :

Archive data at HEASARC - High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center

Data at NED - NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database : QSO B0218+357

Link by name to the catalogue in VizieR :

BWE 0218+3542 IERS B0218+357 2MASS J02210547+3556137 MITG J0221+3555 MITG J022105+3555
NVSS J022105+355613 VSOP J0221+3556 WISEA J022105.48+355613.7 WISE J022105.47+355613.7 WISE J022105.48+355613.7
WN B0218.0+3542 Gaia DR3 328069053976561536

Search by coordinates in Vizier (radius: 5 arcsec)

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2023.03.28-04:09:05

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