2012A&A...540A.113T

Query : 2012A&A...540A.113T

2012A&A...540A.113T - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 540A, 113-113 (2012/4-1)

Search for starless clumps in the ATLASGAL survey.

TACKENBERG J., BEUTHER H., HENNING T., SCHULLER F., WIENEN M., MOTTE F., WYROWSKI F., BONTEMPS S., BRONFMAN L., MENTEN K., TESTI L. and LEFLOCH B.

Abstract (from CDS):

Understanding massive star formation requires comprehensive knowledge about the initial conditions of this process. The cradles of massive stars are believed to be located in dense and massive molecular clumps. In this study, we present an unbiased sample of the earliest stages of massive star formation across 20 deg² of the sky. Within the region 10°<l<20° and |b|<1°, we search the ATLASGAL survey at 870µm for dense gas condensations. These clumps are carefully examined for indications of ongoing star formation using YSOs from the GLIMPSE source catalog as well as sources in the 24µm MIPSGAL images, to search for starless clumps. We calculate the column densities as well as the kinematic distances and masses for sources where the v_lsr is known from spectroscopic observations. Within the given region, we identify 210 starless clumps with peak column densities >1x10²³cm^–2. In particular, we identify potential starless clumps on the other side of the Galaxy. The sizes of the clumps range between 0.1pc and 3pc with masses between a few tens of M_☉ up to several ten thousands of M_☉. Most of them may form massive stars, but in the 20deg² area we only find 14 regions massive enough to form stars more massive than 20M_☉ and 3 regions with the potential to form stars more massive than 40M_☉. The slope of the high-mass tail of the clump mass function for clumps on the near side of the Galaxy is α=2.2 and, therefore, Salpeter-like. We estimate the lifetime of the most massive starless clumps to be (6±5)x10⁴yr. The sample offers a uniform selection of starless clumps. In the large area surveyed, we only find a few potential precursors of stars in the excess of 40M_☉. It appears that the lifetime of these clumps is somewhat shorter than their free-fall times, although both values agree within the errors. In addition, these are ideal objects for detailed studies and follow-up observations.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): ISM: clouds - stars: formation - surveys - stars: massive - stars: distances - Galaxy: fundamental parameters

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/540/A113): table3.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 3: [TBH2012] NNNN N=210 among (Nos 75-1773).

Simbad objects: 224

Full paper

View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 224

N	Identifier	Otype	ICRS (J2000) RA	ICRS (J2000) DEC	Sp type	#ref 1850 - 2023	#notes
1	NAME Per Arm	PoG	03 30	+45.0	~	1477	0
2	NAME Orion Nebula Cluster	OpC	05 35.0	-05 29	~	2270	0
3	NAME Crux-Scutum Spiral Arm	reg	12 30	-60.0	~	303	0
4	NAME Nor Arm	PoG	16 00	-50.0	~	411	0
5	NAME Galactic Center	reg	17 45 39.60213	-29 00 22.0000	~	13911	0
6	[TBH2012] 189	cor	18 07 35.9	-18 43 22	~	1	0
7	[TBH2012] 197	cor	18 08 41.5	-20 08 22	~	1	0
8	[TBH2012] 215	cor	18 08 41.9	-19 52 18	~	1	0
9	[TBH2012] 173	cor	18 08 44.6	-20 07 38	~	1	0
10	[TBH2012] 140	cor	18 08 49.4	-19 40 15	~	1	0
11	[TBH2012] 162	cor	18 08 58.3	-18 15 35	~	1	0
12	JCMTLSP J180900.2-200641	smm	18 09 00	-20 06.7	~	3	0
13	[TBH2012] 168	cor	18 09 00.0	-18 16 43	~	1	0
14	[TBH2012] 191	cor	18 09 02.0	-18 16 04	~	1	0
15	[TBH2012] 209	cor	18 09 07.0	-20 26 39	~	1	0
16	[TBH2012] 188	cor	18 09 07.2	-20 05 05	~	1	0
17	[TBH2012] 184	cor	18 09 08.0	-20 26 13	~	1	0
18	[TBH2012] 179	cor	18 09 08.4969	-19 45 49.777	~	6	0
19	[TBH2012] 181	cor	18 09 09.6	-20 04 29	~	1	0
20	[TBH2012] 218	cor	18 09 11.5	-20 16 16	~	1	0
21	JCMTLSP J180913.1-201801	smm	18 09 13	-20 18.0	~	3	0
22	[TBH2012] 208	cor	18 09 13.8	-20 16 21	~	1	0
23	JCMTSE J180914.8-201532	smm	18 09 16.0271	-20 15 51.761	~	5	0
24	JCMTLSP J180920.2-201819	smm	18 09 20	-20 18.3	~	3	0
25	[TBH2012] 118	cor	18 09 20.1	-20 20 29	~	1	0
26	[TBH2012] 101	cor	18 09 22.8	-20 20 36	~	1	0
27	[ERG2015] 2356	cor	18 09 25.4920	-20 25 43.830	~	7	0
28	[TBH2012] 156	cor	18 09 31.5	-20 14 11	~	1	0
29	[TBH2012] 161	cor	18 09 33.1	-20 13 56	~	1	0
30	[TBH2012] 114	cor	18 09 34.1	-20 22 24	~	1	0
31	[TBH2012] 111	cor	18 09 34.7	-20 22 08	~	1	0
32	[TBH2012] 231	cor	18 09 36.5	-20 16 12	~	1	0
33	[TBH2012] 206	cor	18 09 36.9	-20 20 22	~	1	0
34	[TBH2012] 106	cor	18 09 37.8	-20 19 48	~	1	0
35	AGAL G010.184-00.404	Y*O	18 09 39	-20 19.6	~	12	0
36	[TBH2012] 185	cor	18 09 58.1	-19 47 35	~	1	0
37	JCMTLSP J181012.9-192427	smm	18 10 13	-19 24.4	~	4	0
38	[HBM2005] G10.575-0.347	mm	18 10 14.5	-19 57 17	~	2	0
39	[ERG2015] 2416	cor	18 10 15.0415	-19 57 12.764	~	8	0
40	[TBH2012] 193	cor	18 10 16.0	-19 24 27	~	1	0
41	[TBH2012] 122	cor	18 10 17.8	-19 24 41	~	1	0
42	AGAL G010.684-00.307	cor	18 10 19	-19 50.3	~	21	0
43	[TBH2012] 76	cor	18 10 20.9	-19 56 43	~	1	0
44	[TBH2012] 75	cor	18 10 23.8	-19 56 18	~	1	0
45	W 31	SFR	18 10 28.6	-19 55 51	~	256	0
46	[CCE98b] 011.11-0.12	Cld	18 10.5	-19 23	~	96	2
47	[TBH2012] 223	cor	18 10 32.5	-19 23 23	~	1	0
48	[LQW2012] MM4	cor	18 10 36.84	-19 57 03.8	~	3	0
49	[TBH2012] 155	cor	18 10 38.5	-19 56 28	~	1	0
50	[HJF2013] G011.301-00.060	cor	18 10 41	-19 10.6	~	11	0
51	[TBH2012] 94	cor	18 10 56.6	-19 59 30	~	1	0
52	[ERG2015] 2644	cor	18 11 02.3160	-18 00 54.075	~	7	0
53	AGAL G010.982-00.367	Y*O	18 11 09	-19 36.6	~	15	0
54	BGPS G012.699+00.474	mm	18 11 31.8389	-17 41 53.687	~	4	0
55	[TBH2012] 216	cor	18 11 52.8	-18 49 54	~	1	0
56	[TBH2012] 170	cor	18 11 53.4	-20 10 08	~	1	0
57	[ERG2015] 2779	cor	18 12 02.8649	-17 31 10.130	~	8	0
58	[TBH2012] 781	cor	18 12 05.8	-17 37 06	~	1	0
59	[TBH2012] 776	cor	18 12 07.4	-17 41 25	~	1	0
60	[ERG2015] 2750	cor	18 12 08.7473	-17 38 05.770	~	8	0
61	[TBH2012] 553	cor	18 12 40.8	-18 37 16	~	1	0
62	[TBH2012] 616	smm	18 12 55.7488	-18 10 53.755	~	7	0
63	[ERG2015] 2704	smm	18 13 12.2834	-17 55 57.028	~	6	0
64	[TBH2012] 664	cor	18 13 36.7	-17 18 18	~	1	0
65	[TBH2012] 511	cor	18 13 43.8	-17 56 34	~	1	0
66	[TBH2012] 621	cor	18 13 49.1	-18 02 37	~	1	0
67	[ERG2015] 2710	cor	18 13 49.2470	-17 59 22.919	~	8	0
68	[ERG2015] 2784	smm	18 14 01.2683	-17 45 21.694	~	7	0
69	[TBH2012] 690	cor	18 14 02.8	-18 00 59	~	1	0
70	[TBH2012] 764	cor	18 14 07.1	-17 55 23	~	1	0
71	[TBH2012] 505	cor	18 14 07.4	-17 56 41	~	1	0
72	[TBH2012] 607	cor	18 14 07.7	-17 54 54	~	1	0
73	JCMTSE J181408.3-172837	smm	18 14 08.3	-17 28 37	~	2	0
74	[TBH2012] 789	smm	18 14 12.5	-17 25 25	~	6	0
75	[TBH2012] 650	cor	18 14 12.6	-17 46 04	~	1	0
76	SNR G012.8-00.2	SFR	18 14 14.0	-17 55 50	~	251	0
77	[TBH2012] 538	cor	18 14 22.0	-17 53 14	~	1	0
78	[TBH2012] 599	cor	18 14 23.2	-17 53 22	~	1	0
79	[ERG2015] 2764	cor	18 14 30.6683	-17 54 05.461	~	7	0
80	[TBH2012] 716	cor	18 14 31.3	-17 53 10	~	1	0
81	[TBH2012] 559	cor	18 14 35.4	-17 53 15	~	1	0
82	[TBH2012] 737	cor	18 14 35.4	-17 50 31	~	1	0
83	[TBH2012] 570	cor	18 14 37.8	-17 49 28	~	1	0
84	[TBH2012] 684	cor	18 14 39.0	-17 48 08	~	1	0
85	[TBH2012] 777	cor	18 14 39.7	-17 48 27	~	1	0
86	[TBH2012] 610	cor	18 14 40.6	-17 48 14	~	1	0
87	[TBH2012] 605	cor	18 14 41.9	-17 48 17	~	1	0
88	[TBH2012] 490	cor	18 14 48.6	-17 33 00	~	1	0
89	[TBH2012] 717	cor	18 15 07.0	-18 41 00	~	1	0
90	[TBH2012] 665	cor	18 15 12.2	-17 49 28	~	1	0
91	[TBH2012] 704	cor	18 15 13.3	-17 49 37	~	1	0
92	[TBH2012] 655	cor	18 15 26.1	-17 05 25	~	1	0
93	[TBH2012] 755	cor	18 15 39.6	-18 12 54	~	1	0
94	[TBH2012] 757	cor	18 15 40.2	-17 19 45	~	1	0
95	[TBH2012] 745	cor	18 15 40.5	-18 13 08	~	1	0
96	[TBH2012] 780	cor	18 16 07.6	-17 36 15	~	1	0
97	[TBH2012] 715	cor	18 16 16.9	-16 49 29	~	1	0
98	[TBH2012] 769	cor	18 16 17.6	-16 51 44	~	1	0
99	[TBH2012] 732	cor	18 16 17.8	-16 50 10	~	1	0
100	[TBH2012] 731	cor	18 16 27.2	-16 52 04	~	1	0
101	[TBH2012] 692	cor	18 16 43.0	-17 59 21	~	1	0
102	[TBH2012] 774	cor	18 16 43.8	-17 59 27	~	1	0
103	[TBH2012] 758	cor	18 16 52.6	-16 21 29	~	1	0
104	[TBH2012] 733	cor	18 16 54.0	-16 26 33	~	1	0
105	[TBH2012] 696	cor	18 16 55.7	-16 26 12	~	1	0
106	[TBH2012] 678	cor	18 16 56.3	-16 42 59	~	1	0
107	[TBH2012] 729	cor	18 16 56.6	-16 26 26	~	1	0
108	[TBH2012] 724	smm	18 16 56.9484	-16 26 45.712	~	6	0
109	[TBH2012] 726	cor	18 16 57.2	-16 26 10	~	1	0
110	[TBH2012] 748	cor	18 16 57.7	-16 39 12	~	1	0
111	[TBH2012] 632	cor	18 16 59.1	-16 39 50	~	1	0
112	[TBH2012] 744	cor	18 16 59.2	-16 25 31	~	1	0
113	[TBH2012] 583	cor	18 17 01.2	-16 42 42	~	1	0
114	[TBH2012] 623	cor	18 17 01.9	-16 42 48	~	1	0
115	[TBH2012] 589	cor	18 17 03.8	-16 42 36	~	1	0
116	[ERG2015] 2970	cor	18 17 04.6564	-16 43 50.186	~	8	0
117	[SSS2011] BGPS G14.184-0.228	mm	18 17 05.00	-16 43 46.2	~	2	0
118	[TBH2012] 723	cor	18 17 06.8	-16 44 00	~	1	0
119	BGPS G014.384-00.131	mm	18 17 07.4595	-16 30 26.108	~	4	0
120	[TBH2012] 518	cor	18 17 07.5	-16 24 46	~	1	0
121	[ERG2015] 2995	cor	18 17 20.5125	-16 29 56.308	~	7	0
122	[TBH2012] 618	cor	18 17 33.3	-17 06 10	~	1	0
123	[TBH2012] 574	cor	18 17 50.0242	-15 53 41.725	~	19	0
124	[TBH2012] 669	cor	18 18 01.8	-16 53 56	~	1	0
125	AGAL G014.772-00.172	smm	18 18 03	-16 11.1	~	11	0
126	[TBH2012] 630	cor	18 18 04.1	-16 14 30	~	1	0
127	[TBH2012] 629	cor	18 18 04.2	-16 51 38	~	1	0
128	[TBH2012] 573	cor	18 18 04.1767	-16 17 02.431	~	9	0
129	[TBH2012] 1322	cor	18 18 04.5	-13 44 45	~	1	0
130	[TBH2012] 1307	cor	18 18 05.2	-13 44 51	~	1	0
131	[TBH2012] 1192	cor	18 18 08.3	-13 40 16	~	1	0
132	[TBH2012] 702	cor	18 18 10.9	-16 53 04	~	1	0
133	[TBH2012] 1330	cor	18 18 15.2	-13 44 34	~	1	0
134	[TBH2012] 742	cor	18 18 15.2	-16 04 42	~	1	0
135	[TBH2012] 703	cor	18 18 18.8	-16 55 27	~	1	0
136	[TBH2012] 1199	cor	18 18 22.4	-13 42 20	~	1	0
137	[TBH2012] 1273	cor	18 18 44.7	-13 38 12	~	1	0
138	[TBH2012] 1299	cor	18 18 44.7	-13 37 58	~	1	0
139	M 16	OpC	18 18 45.1	-13 47 31	~	1017	1
140	[TBH2012] 1325	cor	18 18 55.5	-13 41 32	~	1	0
141	[WWS2012] G014.36-00.64	cor	18 18 56.8326	-16 46 18.132	~	2	0
142	[TBH2012] 1188	cor	18 18 59.1	-13 53 01	~	1	0
143	AGAL G016.899+00.706	Y*O	18 19 01.0	-13 53 50	~	5	0
144	[TBH2012] 624	cor	18 19 01.2	-16 40 08	~	1	0
145	[TBH2012] 596	cor	18 19 03.4	-16 39 37	~	1	0
146	[TBH2012] 1313	cor	18 19 04.0	-13 53 19	~	1	0
147	[TBH2012] 641	cor	18 19 17.7	-16 32 09	~	1	0
148	[TBH2012] 710	cor	18 19 19.2	-16 31 40	~	1	0
149	[TBH2012] 1263	cor	18 19 20.0	-13 35 05	~	1	0
150	[TBH2012] 698	cor	18 19 20.2	-16 31 54	~	1	0
151	[TBH2012] 1335	cor	18 19 56.5	-16 00 35	~	1	0
152	[TBH2012] 631	cor	18 20 03.4	-16 12 31	~	1	0
153	[TBH2012] 787	cor	18 20 04.5	-16 14 08	~	1	0
154	[TBH2012] 1158	cor	18 20 05.9	-16 04 51	~	1	0
155	BGPS G015.123-00.558	mm	18 20 08.9322	-16 03 32.552	~	5	0
156	[TBH2012] 1312	cor	18 20 09.4	-16 03 02	~	1	0
157	[ERG2015] 3118	cor	18 20 16	-16 05.8	~	10	0
158	[TBH2012] 1290	cor	18 20 24.7	-15 39 37	~	1	0
159	[TBH2012] 1250	smm	18 20 25	-16 03.8	~	6	0
160	[SSS2011] BGPS G15.214-0.582	smm	18 20 25.0	-15 59 20	~	3	0
161	[TBH2012] 1328	cor	18 20 28.5	-16 05 29	~	1	0
162	JCMTSE J182032.8-160413	smm	18 20 32.8	-16 04 13	~	2	0
163	AGAL G015.151-00.659	Y*O	18 20 34.9	-16 04 49	~	5	0
164	[TBH2012] 1295	cor	18 20 36.1	-15 57 11	~	1	0
165	[TBH2012] 1284	cor	18 20 37.2	-15 56 04	~	1	0
166	[TBH2012] 1225	cor	18 20 37.4	-15 57 14	~	1	0
167	[TBH2012] 1212	cor	18 20 37.5	-15 56 47	~	1	0
168	[TBH2012] 1240	cor	18 20 45.0	-14 05 38	~	1	0
169	[TBH2012] 1260	cor	18 20 45.8	-14 06 18	~	1	0
170	[TBH2012] 1320	cor	18 20 46.7	-14 06 46	~	1	0
171	[TBH2012] 1277	cor	18 20 46.9	-14 06 27	~	1	0
172	NGC 6618	OpC	18 20 47	-16 10.3	~	1589	0
173	[TBH2012] 1281	cor	18 20 47.4	-14 06 51	~	1	0
174	[TBH2012] 1334	cor	18 20 47.8	-14 06 41	~	1	0
175	[TBH2012] 1289	cor	18 20 53.6	-15 34 02	~	1	0
176	[ERG2015] 3156	cor	18 20 55.6091	-15 24 07.049	~	9	0
177	[TBH2012] 1251	cor	18 21 19.3	-16 07 28	~	1	0
178	[TBH2012] 1319	cor	18 21 20.0	-16 06 19	~	1	0
179	[TBH2012] 1255	cor	18 21 21.6	-16 05 37	~	1	0
180	BGPS G015.229-00.836	mm	18 21 22.6591	-16 05 46.441	~	5	0
181	[TBH2012] 1280	cor	18 22 24.8	-13 28 02	~	1	0
182	[TBH2012] 1309	cor	18 22 28.1	-15 00 51	~	1	0
183	[TBH2012] 1318	cor	18 23 07.2	-14 57 23	~	1	0
184	[TBH2012] 1732	cor	18 23 54.8	-12 50 50	~	1	0
185	[TBH2012] 1710	cor	18 24 52.9	-13 20 56	~	1	0
186	AGAL G018.103-00.306	Y*O	18 25 01	-13 18.5	~	11	0
187	AGAL G018.099-00.342	Y*O	18 25 08	-13 19.8	~	10	0
188	[TBH2012] 1761	cor	18 25 09.0	-13 17 09	~	1	0
189	[TBH2012] 1708	cor	18 25 09.3	-13 20 00	~	1	0
190	AGAL G018.098-00.354	Y*O	18 25 11	-13 20.2	~	17	0
191	[TBH2012] 1725	cor	18 25 14.6	-12 26 38	~	1	0
192	[TBH2012] 1750	cor	18 25 22.5	-12 24 03	~	1	0
193	AGAL G018.493-00.199	smm	18 25 23	-12 55.0	~	15	0
194	[TBH2012] 1686	cor	18 25 24.7	-13 12 56	~	1	0
195	[TBH2012] 1729	cor	18 25 25.0	-13 19 25	~	1	0
196	[TBH2012] 1739	cor	18 25 33.6	-13 02 12	~	1	0
197	[TBH2012] 1288	cor	18 25 36.3	-13 57 04	~	1	0
198	[TBH2012] 1703	cor	18 25 37.5	-12 26 19	~	1	0
199	[TBH2012] 1760	cor	18 25 40.8	-12 23 07	~	1	0
200	[TBH2012] 1748	cor	18 25 41.4	-12 23 26	~	1	0
201	BGPS G019.154+00.029	mm	18 25 48.8556	-12 13 25.764	~	5	0
202	[SMC2009] G18.98-0.09	smm	18 25 55.22	-12 25 50.3	~	2	0
203	[TBH2012] 1743	cor	18 26 27.0	-12 24 53	~	1	0
204	[TBH2012] 1715	cor	18 26 48.5	-12 27 46	~	1	0
205	[TBH2012] 1697	cor	18 26 49.6	-12 27 41	~	1	0
206	[TBH2012] 1754	cor	18 27 01.2	-12 47 01	~	1	0
207	[TBH2012] 1707	cor	18 27 01.9	-12 47 06	~	1	0
208	[TBH2012] 1673	cor	18 27 02.3915	-11 53 11.862	~	9	0
209	[TBH2012] 1661	cor	18 27 07.4	-12 42 50	~	1	0
210	GRS G018.88 -00.48	Rad	18 27 10.73	-12 40 07.5	~	29	0
211	[TBH2012] 1700	cor	18 27 16.7	-12 44 57	~	1	0
212	[TBH2012] 1694	cor	18 27 24.9	-11 53 28	~	1	0
213	[TBH2012] 1764	cor	18 27 29.7	-11 44 35	~	1	0
214	[TBH2012] 1759	cor	18 27 30.9	-11 44 38	~	1	0
215	[ERG2015] 3338	smm	18 27 44.5820	-12 35 45.166	~	9	0
216	[TBH2012] 1744	cor	18 27 44.6	-12 36 06	~	1	0
217	[TBH2012] 1773	cor	18 27 51.5	-12 37 25	~	1	0
218	[TBH2012] 1634	cor	18 28 18.7962	-12 06 23.975	~	13	0
219	[TBH2012] 1755	cor	18 29 18.1	-11 50 50	~	1	0
220	[TBH2012] 1712	cor	18 29 22.4	-12 01 45	~	1	0
221	[TBH2012] 1767	cor	18 30 02.9	-12 15 51	~	1	0
222	NAME Sgr Arm	PoG	19 00	-30.0	~	625	1
223	NAME Cyg X	Cld	20 28 41	+41 10.2	~	793	1
224	NAME Outer Arm	PoG	21 48	+69.4	~	306	0

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