2004A&A...421..623K

Query : 2004A&A...421..623K

2004A&A...421..623K - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 421, 623-642 (2004/7-2)

The young stellar population in the Serpens Cloud Core: An ISOCAM survey.

KAAS A.A., OLOFSSON G., BONTEMPS S., ANDRE P., NORDH L., HULDTGREN M., PRUSTI T., PERSI P., DELGADO A.J., MOTTE F., ABERGEL A., BOULANGER F., BURGDORF M., CASALI M.M., CESARSKY C.J., DAVIES J., FALGARONE E., MONTMERLE T., PERAULT M., PUGET J.L. and SIBILLE F.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present results from an ISOCAM survey in the two broad band filters LW2 (5-8.5µm) and LW3 (12-18µm) of a 0.13 square degree coverage of the Serpens Main Cloud Core. A total of 392 sources were detected in the 6.7µm band and 139 in the 14.3µm band to a limiting sensitivity of ∼2mJy. We identified 53 Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) with mid-IR excess from the single colour index [14.3/6.7], and 8 additional YSOs from the H-K/K-m6.7 diagram. Only 32 of these 61 sources were previously known to be YSO candidates. Only about 50% of the mid-IR excess sources show excesses in the near-IR J-H/H-K diagram. In the 48 square arcmin field covering the central Cloud Core the ClassI/ClassII number ratio is 19/18, i.e. about 10 times larger than in other young embedded clusters such as ρ Ophiuchi or Chamaeleon. The mid-IR fluxes of the ClassI and flat-spectrum sources are found to be on the average larger than those of ClassII sources. Stellar luminosities are estimated for the ClassII sample, and its luminosity function is compatible with a coeval population of about 2Myr which follows a three segment power-law IMF. For this age about 20% of the ClassIIs are found to be young brown dwarf candidates. The YSOs are in general strongly clustered, the ClassI sources more than the ClassII sources, and there is an indication of sub-clustering. The sub-clustering of the protostar candidates has a spatial scale of 0.12pc. These sub-clusters are found along the NW-SE oriented ridge and in very good agreement with the location of dense cores traced by millimeter data. The smallest clustering scale for the ClassII sources is about 0.25pc, similar to what was found for ρ Ophiuchi. Our data show evidence that star formation in Serpens has proceeded in several phases, and that a ``microburst'' of star formation has taken place very recently, probably within the last 105yrs.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): stars: formation - stars: pre-main-sequence - stars: luminosity function, mass function - stars: low-mass, brown dwarfs - ISM: individual objects: Serpens Cloud Core

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/421/623): table2.dat table3.dat>

Nomenclature: Tables 2,3: [KOB2004] NNNa N=77+71.

CDS comments: Fig. 11 : FIRS1 = [HWJ84] FIRS 1 (RA of [HWJ84] does not coincide with location in Fig.11), SMM N = [CED93] N.

Simbad objects: 166

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Number of rows : 166
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 OMC 3 MoC 05 35 20.0 -05 01 00           ~ 273 1
2 NAME Cha 1 MoC 11 06 48 -77 18.0           ~ 1154 1
3 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3630 1
4 [KOB2004] 2 IR 18 28 41.2 +01 15 15           ~ 1 0
5 [KOB2004] 4 IR 18 28 41.9 +01 14 06           ~ 1 0
6 2MASS J18284240+0114313 NIR 18 28 42.3998215872 +01 14 31.505437536           ~ 2 0
7 [KOB2004] 9 IR 18 28 43.6 +01 16 10           ~ 2 0
8 2MASS J18284520+0110253 * 18 28 45.2011209000 +01 10 25.372305588           ~ 2 0
9 2MASS J18284527+0116468 * 18 28 45.2810722800 +01 16 46.891742592           ~ 2 0
10 2MASS J18284704+0110400 * 18 28 47.0482700616 +01 10 40.191013380           ~ 2 0
11 2MASS J18284847+0113189 NIR 18 28 48.4721877168 +01 13 18.955383960           ~ 2 0
12 2MASS J18284975+0119123 * 18 28 49.7563171920 +01 19 12.405174996           ~ 2 0
13 [KOB2004] 29 Y*O 18 28 52.5 +01 12 47           ~ 1 0
14 [KOB2004] 31 IR 18 28 52.6 +01 10 10           ~ 1 0
15 TYC 433-402-1 * 18 28 58.4364967464 +01 11 01.025126880   11.94 11.30     F5V 6 0
16 2MASS J18285996+0110014 NIR 18 28 59.9694395832 +01 10 01.373823984           ~ 2 0
17 2MASS J18290055+0118200 * 18 29 00.5535994896 +01 18 20.097909288           ~ 2 0
18 2MASS J18290367+0118346 LP* 18 29 03.6761514192 +01 18 34.678601352           ~ 4 0
19 2MASS J18290382+0110425 NIR 18 29 03.8188686048 +01 10 42.504530016           ~ 2 0
20 2MASS J18290436+0116207 NIR 18 29 04.3688790264 +01 16 20.767836612           ~ 3 0
21 2MASS J18290489+0120081 * 18 29 04.8945827376 +01 20 08.137602024           ~ 2 0
22 2MASS J18290508+0122114 * 18 29 05.0883661608 +01 22 11.493341184           ~ 2 0
23 2MASS J18290794+0112389 * 18 29 07.9452945552 +01 12 38.957685012           ~ 2 0
24 2MASS J18290900+0109232 * 18 29 09.0042055440 +01 09 23.156244432           ~ 2 0
25 NAME Filament in Serpens Cloud PoC 18 29 10 +01 05.0           ~ 3 1
26 2MASS J18291070+0118318 NIR 18 29 10.7031046464 +01 18 31.831142796           ~ 2 0
27 [KOB2004] 84 * 18 29 10.8983989872 +01 18 09.005092164           K3e 3 0
28 2MASS J18291269+0111234 NIR 18 29 12.6966128088 +01 11 23.324302536           ~ 2 0
29 2MASS J18291348+0112000 * 18 29 13.4838661656 +01 12 00.009360000           ~ 2 0
30 2MASS J18291407+0121317 * 18 29 14.0726167920 +01 21 31.728744360           ~ 2 0
31 2MASS J18291507+0122013 * 18 29 15.0794993616 +01 22 01.322256396           ~ 2 0
32 2MASS J18291600+0109382 LP? 18 29 16.0144251720 +01 09 38.101465332           ~ 4 0
33 2MASS J18291704+0118400 * 18 29 17.0463443616 +01 18 40.028241852           ~ 2 0
34 2MASS J18292004+0121014 LP* 18 29 20.0472877104 +01 21 01.448229492           ~ 7 0
35 2MASS J18292572+0103469 * 18 29 25.7231447640 +01 03 46.949223528           ~ 2 0
36 2MASS J18292676+0111550 * 18 29 26.7653816136 +01 11 55.139460612           ~ 2 0
37 BD+01 3686 * 18 29 27.5966928024 +01 12 58.463466372   11.57 11.05     F8 7 0
38 2MASS J18292860+0110272 * 18 29 28.6055259624 +01 10 27.273600156           ~ 2 0
39 2MASS J18292959+0114074 * 18 29 29.5964544816 +01 14 07.474330716           ~ 2 0
40 2MASS J18292969+0113130 * 18 29 29.6983050240 +01 13 13.119680712           ~ 2 0
41 2MASS J18293084+0101071 Y*O 18 29 30.8561693496 +01 01 07.126610952           ~ 9 0
42 [KOB2004] 153 * 18 29 31.0582193136 +01 15 21.572291736           G9-K2 3 0
43 BD+01 3687 Y*O 18 29 31.7255181792 +01 08 20.588925984   11.81 11.26 11.284   F3-F9V-IVe 4 0
44 ESO-HA 279b Y*O 18 29 31.93416 +01 18 34.3584           ~ 4 0
45 IRAS 18269+0116 Y*O 18 29 31.9758302760 +01 18 42.616775520           K6.5 39 0
46 [KOB2004] 166 * 18 29 32.6212479744 +01 09 50.159454336           K2-K3e 3 0
47 2MASS J18293338+0108242 Y*O 18 29 33.3826671552 +01 08 24.200536524           A7.0 15 0
48 [EC92] 170 * 18 29 36.8 +01 13 17           ~ 2 1
49 2MASS J18293748+0109106 * 18 29 37.4945206104 +01 09 10.682593740           ~ 2 0
50 [KOB2004] 189 Y*O 18 29 37.5967620072 +01 11 17.267326980           M2.0 6 0
51 [KOB2004] 190 Y*O 18 29 37.6894518600 +01 11 29.812870716           M2.0 11 0
52 2MASS J18293805+0100338 * 18 29 38.0554979952 +01 00 33.953359716           ~ 2 0
53 2MASS J18293987+0117559 Y*O 18 29 39.8713053528 +01 17 56.025241152           M1.5 13 0
54 2MASS J18294095+0112386 NIR 18 29 40.96 +01 12 38.6           ~ 3 0
55 [KOB2004] 209 * 18 29 41.0368485912 +01 20 58.417330668           M3.5-M4.5e 3 0
56 ATO J277.4228+01.1271 Y*O 18 29 41.4745809408 +01 07 37.875767772           K2.5 19 0
57 2MASS J18294151+0110040 Y*O 18 29 41.5309336872 +01 10 04.248374772           M4.0 10 0
58 2MASS J18294217+0120209 Y*O 18 29 42.1761511152 +01 20 20.993169804           ~ 9 0
59 2MASS J18294393+0107208 Y*O 18 29 43.9382095272 +01 07 20.713142784           K7.0 15 0
60 IRAS 18271+0102 LP* 18 29 44.3147796336 +01 04 53.448202668           M9.0 14 0
61 2MASS J18294453+0113113 Y*O 18 29 44.53752 +01 13 11.3484           M4.5 14 0
62 2MASS J18294474+0115406 Y*O 18 29 44.75 +01 15 40.7           ~ 3 0
63 2MASS J18294508+0118469 * 18 29 45.0770867232 +01 18 47.132582940           G0/M4III 13 0
64 2MASS J18294598+0116240 Y*O 18 29 45.99 +01 16 24.1           ~ 3 0
65 2MASS J18294624+0112134 Y*O 18 29 46.2435840360 +01 12 13.411396476           ~ 3 0
66 2MASS J18294681+0116085 Y*O 18 29 46.82 +01 16 08.6           ~ 3 0
67 2MASS J18294702+0116267 Y*O 18 29 47.023 +01 16 26.77           ~ 13 0
68 StRS 208 * 18 29 47.6278458672 +01 05 07.340837784           ~ 3 0
69 SH 2-68 N Y*O 18 29 48.09 +01 16 45.0           ~ 137 1
70 2MASS J18294878+0113422 Y*O 18 29 48.787 +01 13 42.22           ~ 12 0
71 2MASS J18294899+0111441 NIR 18 29 49.00 +01 11 44.2           ~ 3 0
72 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1100 2
73 2MASS J18294907+0058517 LP? 18 29 49.0715153688 +00 58 51.917591532           ~ 3 0
74 IRAS 18272+0114 Or* 18 29 49.13016 +01 16 20.6472           ~ 76 1
75 V* V370 Ser Or* 18 29 49.24584 +01 16 31.5480           ~ 31 0
76 2MASS J18294960+0117058 Y*O 18 29 49.602 +01 17 05.83           ~ 34 0
77 GCNM 23 Y*O 18 29 49.63 +01 15 21.9           ~ 273 2
78 SSTc2d J182949.6+011456 Y*O 18 29 49.70 +01 14 56.7           ~ 15 0
79 [KOB2004] 258b Y*O 18 29 49.94 +01 15 19.0           ~ 4 0
80 2MASS J18295017+0056080 Y*O 18 29 50.1911084208 +00 56 07.743220080           ~ 11 0
81 2MASS J18295022+0109151 NIR 18 29 50.2262057688 +01 09 15.151913640           ~ 3 0
82 SSTc2d J182950.5+011417 Y*O 18 29 50.54 +01 14 16.9           ~ 3 0
83 SSTc2d J182950.6+010133 Y*O 18 29 50.58 +01 01 32.9           ~ 2 0
84 2MASS J18295118+0113196 Y*O 18 29 51.186 +01 13 19.62           ~ 16 0
85 V* V371 Ser Or* 18 29 51.21240 +01 16 39.4860           ~ 119 1
86 2MASS J18295171+0056171 NIR 18 29 51.7183074840 +00 56 17.250497448           ~ 2 0
87 2MASS J18295200+0110322 LP? 18 29 52.0102907280 +01 10 32.255252868           ~ 5 0
88 SSTc2d J182952.1+011322 Y*O 18 29 52.13 +01 13 21.9           ~ 5 0
89 GBS-VLA J182952.22+011547.4 Y*O 18 29 52.20 +01 15 47.6           ~ 47 1
90 2MASS J18295248+0112467 Y*O 18 29 52.49 +01 12 46.7           ~ 5 0
91 [ACA2003] Ser B 1 Y*O 18 29 52.85 +01 14 56.1           ~ 18 1
92 2MASS J18295303+0104350 * 18 29 53.0311414944 +01 04 34.969924956           ~ 2 0
93 2MASS J18295318+0115458 Y*O 18 29 53.183 +01 15 45.82           ~ 6 0
94 2MASS J18295354+0113051 Y*O 18 29 53.5520163456 +01 13 05.177772516           ~ 9 0
95 2MASS J18295360+0117017 Y*O 18 29 53.6099956536 +01 17 01.730202216   19.7   16.6   M2.0 21 0
96 2MASS J18295384+0113305 Y*O 18 29 53.845 +01 13 30.58           ~ 14 0
97 2MASS J18295409+0107108 Y*O 18 29 54.0952796088 +01 07 10.808245452           ~ 10 0
98 2MASS J18295428+0117468 NIR 18 29 54.28 +01 17 46.8           ~ 2 0
99 2MASS J18295433+0115017 Y*O 18 29 54.34 +01 15 01.8           ~ 10 0
100 2MASS J18295452+0114469 Y*O 18 29 54.5185217904 +01 14 46.974838092           M8.0 10 0
101 2MASS J18295520+0113222 Y*O 18 29 55.200 +01 13 22.21           ~ 17 0
102 2MASS J18295571+0114315 Y*O 18 29 55.711 +01 14 31.50           ~ 39 0
103 2MASS J18295604+0104146 LP? 18 29 56.0435815680 +01 04 14.461741524           ~ 4 0
104 2MASS J18295606+0100228 Y*O 18 29 56.0630728800 +01 00 22.987343844     12.417     B3-B5IIIe 8 0
105 2MASS J18295655+0112596 Y*O 18 29 56.553 +01 12 59.65           ~ 23 0
106 2MASS J18295667+0112393 Y*O 18 29 56.674 +01 12 39.32           ~ 20 0
107 SSTc2d J182956.7+011321 V* 18 29 56.71 +01 13 20.6   16.62       ~ 6 1
108 NAME Serpens SVS 2 Cluster Cl* 18 29 56.8 +01 14 46           ~ 10 0
109 HBC 672 Em* 18 29 56.8848005064 +01 14 46.304766672   17.6       K8.0 102 0
110 2MASS J18295696+0112478 Y*O 18 29 56.967 +01 12 47.83           M3.0 26 0
111 NAME Serpens SMM 4 cor 18 29 57.1 +01 13 15           ~ 137 0
112 2MASS J18295751+0113492 Y*O 18 29 57.510 +01 13 49.25           ~ 9 0
113 HD 170545B Y*O 18 29 57.5757576552 +01 10 47.048389284   9.82 9.58     A1-A8V-IIIe 10 0
114 2MASS J18295760+0113004 Y*O 18 29 57.602 +01 13 00.42           ~ 36 3
115 2MASS J18295766+0113045 Y*O 18 29 57.661 +01 13 04.57           ~ 22 1
116 IRAS 18274+0112 Y*O 18 29 57.73680 +01 14 05.6940           M4: 139 2
117 2MASS J18295781+0115318 Y*O 18 29 57.816 +01 15 31.86           K2.0 22 0
118 2MASS J18295781+0112280 Y*O 18 29 57.819 +01 12 28.05           ~ 21 0
119 NAME Serpens SVS 4 IR Cluster Cl* 18 29 57.84 +01 12 48.1           ~ 43 1
120 2MASS J18295784+0112379 Y*O 18 29 57.849 +01 12 37.90           ~ 23 0
121 2MASS J18295785+0112514 Y*O 18 29 57.858 +01 12 51.40           ~ 60 3
122 [EC92] 95 Y*O 18 29 57.893 +01 12 46.25           K1.0 73 3
123 2MASS J18295820+0115216 Y*O 18 29 58.2037073472 +01 15 21.610474308           K7.0 40 0
124 2MASS J18295830+0120270 Y*O 18 29 58.3024268856 +01 20 26.906751060           ~ 4 0
125 2MASS J18295844+0112502 Y*O 18 29 58.446 +01 12 50.21           ~ 11 0
126 2MASS J18295876+0114257 Y*O 18 29 58.765 +01 14 25.78           ~ 25 1
127 GCNM 115 Y*O 18 29 59.02 +01 12 24.9           ~ 14 0
128 CK 8 TT* 18 29 59.2453548960 +01 14 07.611180936   19.7   16.9   K7.5 31 0
129 NAME SERPENS SMM 3 Y*O 18 29 59.28 +01 14 01.7           ~ 101 1
130 SSTc2d J182959.5+011159 cor 18 29 59.573 +01 11 58.39           ~ 25 0
131 2MASS J18295980+0121560 * 18 29 59.7983497008 +01 21 55.941356736           ~ 3 0
132 SSTc2d J182959.9+011311 Y*O 18 29 59.92 +01 13 11.6           ~ 17 1
133 SSTc2d J183000.3+010944 Y*O 18 30 00.30 +01 09 44.7           ~ 12 0
134 JCMTSE J183000.2+011251 Y*O 18 30 00.4 +01 12 50           ~ 53 0
135 [KOB2004] 339 * 18 30 00.5630058312 +01 19 40.047243060           K3-K9e 5 0
136 CK 2 Y*O 18 30 00.618 +01 15 20.12           K5-M0III 52 0
137 2MASS J18300065+0113402 Y*O 18 30 00.6502197504 +01 13 40.174218912           M0.5 27 0
138 2MASS J18300111+0113242 Y*O 18 30 01.110 +01 13 24.24           ~ 14 0
139 2MASS J18300162+0059299 * 18 30 01.6285207152 +00 59 29.884262100           ~ 2 0
140 2MASS J18300209+0113587 Y*O 18 30 02.095 +01 13 58.79           ~ 22 0
141 2MASS J18300274+0112280 Y*O 18 30 02.747 +01 12 28.06           ~ 28 2
142 2MASS J18300341+0116191 Y*O 18 30 03.4139489400 +01 16 19.094575296   18.9   15.0   M0.0 44 0
143 2MASS J18300371+0104490 * 18 30 03.7101659616 +01 04 49.027490004           ~ 2 0
144 2MASS J18300375+0112401 Y*O 18 30 03.75 +01 12 40.1           ~ 3 0
145 2MASS J18300502+0112360 Y*O 18 30 05.022 +01 12 36.07           M9.0 13 0
146 2MASS J18300610+0106170 Y*O 18 30 06.1030207776 +01 06 16.939699380   19.0   16.5   M1.0 14 0
147 2MASS J18300642+0101056 Y*O 18 30 06.4185780792 +01 01 05.618822916           K5-K6e 9 0
148 2MASS J18300770+0112043 Y*O 18 30 07.708 +01 12 04.32           M2.5 16 0
149 2MASS J18300846+0055256 LP? 18 30 08.4604737000 +00 55 25.694932188           ~ 3 0
150 2MASS J18300851+0101373 Y*O 18 30 08.5089000768 +01 01 37.333487856           K7-M0e 9 0
151 2MASS J18300865+0058461 Y*O 18 30 08.6389762299 +00 58 46.383159498           K5: 10 0
152 2MASS J18300884+0055149 LP? 18 30 08.8487858626 +00 55 14.926947326           ~ 3 0
153 2MASS J18300896+0114441 LP? 18 30 08.9630052120 +01 14 44.162981016           ~ 7 0
154 2MASS J18300922+0117526 Y*O 18 30 09.2242803144 +01 17 52.466038260           M4.5 11 0
155 2MASS J18300944+0102470 Y*O 18 30 09.4476705576 +01 02 47.035470012           M3.5 10 0
156 BD+01 3693 * 18 30 10.3704890184 +01 19 35.392650240   11.20 10.55     F0III 7 0
157 2MASS J18301111+0112379 Y*O 18 30 11.1150601056 +01 12 38.044185408           M4.0 14 0
158 2MASS J18301208+0116422 Y*O 18 30 12.0808843848 +01 16 42.177765756           ~ 5 0
159 2MASS J18301397+0108512 Y*O 18 30 13.9769366400 +01 08 51.337619052           M5.0 13 0
160 2MASS J18301476+0106164 NIR 18 30 14.7726473592 +01 06 16.445493396           ~ 2 0
161 2MASS J18301492+0105187 * 18 30 14.9262684456 +01 05 18.837365460           ~ 2 0
162 NAME Corona Australis Cloud MoC 19 01 51 -36 58.9           ~ 490 0
163 [TSO2000] N2H+A PoC ~ ~           ~ 1 0
164 [TSO2000] N2H+D PoC ~ ~           ~ 1 0
165 [TSO2000] N2H+C PoC ~ ~           ~ 1 0
166 [TSO2000] N2H+B PoC ~ ~           ~ 1 0

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