2010A&A...510A..95T

We present near-infrared imaging and spectroscopic high spatial resolution observations of the SMC region N88 containing the bright, excited, extincted and compact H II region N88A of the size of about 1 pc. To investigate its stellar content and reddening, N88 was observed using spectroscopy and imagery in the JHKs- and L'-band at a spatial resolution of ∼0.1-0.3'', using the VLT UT4 equipped with the NAOS adaptive optics system. In an attempt to establish if the origin of the infra-red (IR) excess is due to bright nebulosity, circumstellar material and/or local dust, we used Ks vs. J-K color-magnitude (CM) and JHK color-color (CC) diagrams, as well as L' imagery. Our IR-data reveal in the N88 area an IR-excess fraction of ≥30 per cent of the detected stars as well as an unprecedently detailed morphology of N88A. It consists of an embedded cluster of ∼3.5'' (∼1pc) in diameter of at least thirteen resolved stars superposed with an unusual bright continuum centered on a very bright star. The four brightest stars in this cluster lie red-ward of H-K≥0.45mag and could be classified as young stellar object (YSO) candidates. Four other probable YSO candidates are also detected in N88 along a north-south bow-shaped thin H₂ filament at ∼7'' east of the young central bright star. This star, which we assume to be the main exciting source, could also be complex. At 0.2'' east of this star, a heavily embedded core is detected in the L'-band. This core with L'∼14mag and L'-K≥4.5mag could be a massive class I protostar candidate. The 2.12µm H₂ image of N88A resembles a shell of a diameter of ∼3'' (∼0.9pc) centered on the bright star. This shell consists of three bright components, of which the brightest one superposes the ionization front. The line ratios of H₂ 2-1 S(1) and 1-0 S(0) relative to 1-0 S(1), as well as the presence of high v lines, are indicative of photodissociation regions, rather than shocks.