2012A&A...546A...4T

Query : 2012A&A...546A...4T

2012A&A...546A...4T - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 546A, 4-4 (2012/10-1)

Stellar mass map and dark matter distribution in M 31.

TAMM A., TEMPEL E., TENJES P., TIHHONOVA O. and TUVIKENE T.

Abstract (from CDS):

Stellar mass distribution in the Andromeda galaxy (M31) is estimated using optical and near-infrared imaging data. Combining the derived stellar mass model with various kinematical data, properties of the dark matter (DM) halo of the galaxy are constrained. SDSS observations through the ugriz filters and the Spitzer imaging at 3.6 microns are used to sample the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the galaxy at each imaging pixel. Intrinsic dust extinction effects are taken into account by using far-infrared observations. Synthetic SEDs created with different stellar population synthesis models are fitted to the observed SEDs, providing estimates for the stellar mass surface density at each pixel. The stellar mass distribution of the galaxy is described with a 3-dimensional model consisting of a nucleus, a bulge, a disc, a young disc and a halo component, each following the Einasto density distribution (relations between different functional forms of the Einasto density distribution are given in Appendix B. By comparing the stellar mass distribution to the observed rotation curve and kinematics of outer globular clusters and satellite galaxies, the DM halo parameters are estimated. Stellar population synthesis models suggest that M31 is dominated by old (>7Gyr) stars throughout the galaxy, with the lower limit for the stellar mass-to-light ratios M/Lr>4M☉/L☉. The upper limit M/Lr≲6M☉/L☉ is given by the rotation curve of the galaxy. The total stellar mass is (10-15)x1010M☉, 30% of which is in the bulge and 56% in the disc. None of the tested DM distribution models (Einasto, NFW, Moore, Burkert) can be falsified on the basis of the stellar matter distribution and the rotation curve of the galaxy. The virial mass M200 of the DM halo is (0.8-1.1)x1012M☉ and the virial radius is R200=189-213kpc, depending on the DM distribution. For the Einasto profile, the average density of the DM halo within the central 10 pc is 16-61M☉/pc3 (0.6-2.3TeV/c2/cm3), depending on the stellar mass model. The central density of the DM halo is comparable to that of nearby dwarf galaxies, low-surface-brightness galaxies and distant massive disc galaxies, thus the evolution of central DM halo properties seems to be regulated by similar processes for a broad range of halo masses, environments, and cosmological epochs.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: individual: Andromeda (M31) - galaxies: structure - galaxies: fundamental parameters - dark matter - galaxies: halos - galaxies: kinematics and dynamics

Simbad objects: 1

goto Full paper

goto View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 1
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 12647 1

Query : 2012A&A...546A...4T

Basic data :
M 31 -- Active Galaxy Nucleus
Origin of the objects types :

(Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref"
(acronym) Object type linked to the acronym according to the original reference
() Anterior to 2007, before we can link the objet type to a reference, or given by the CDS team in some particular cases

Other object types: 		G (2006AJ,LEDA,...), * (AG,BD,...), QSO (2010A&A,[VV2006],...), AGN ([VV2000c],[VV2003c],...), gam (2FGL,3FGL,...), Rad (2C,DA,...), IR (IRAS,IRC,...), X (2MAXI,XSS), GiC (GIN), GiG (K79), AG? (2020MNRAS)
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
ICRS coord. (ep=J2000) : 		00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 (Infrared) [ ] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
FK4 coord. (ep=B1950 eq=1950) : 		00 40 00.095 +40 59 41.73 [ ]
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
Gal coord. (ep=J2000) : 		121.174329 -21.573309 [ ]
Syntax of radial velocity (or/and redshift) is : "value [error] (wavelength) quality bibcode"
  • value : radial velocity or/and redshift (Heliocentric frame) according to your Output Options
    (redshift may be not displayed if the data value is <0 and the database inside value is a radial velocity)
  • [error] : error of the corresponding value displayed before
  • (wavelength) : wavelength range of the measurement : Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam or  '∼'(unknown)
  • quality : flag of quality ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, ∼=unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the value's origin
Radial velocity / Redshift / cz : 		V(km/s) -300.0 [4.0] / z(spectroscopic) -0.001000 [0.000013] / cz -299.85 [4.00]
   C 2012AJ....144....4M
Syntax of parallax is : 'value quality [error] bibcode'
  • value : parallax value
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • [error] : mean error
  • bibcode : bibcode of the parallax reference
Parallaxes (mas): 		6.0 [14.1] E 1995GCTP..C......0V
Syntax of morphological type is : mtype quality bibcode
  • mtype : Hubble morphological class (spirals, ellipticals, etc)
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the morphological type reference
Morphological type: 		SA(s)b D 2013AJ....146...67B
Syntax of angular size is : "maj-axis min-axis angle (wtype) quality bibcode"
  • maj-axis : major axis size (arc minutes)
  • min-axis : minor axis size (arc minutes)
  • angle : orientation angle (in degrees)
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the angular size (Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • quality : flag of quality of the angular size values ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the angular size reference
Angular size (arcmin): 		199.53 70.79 35 (Opt) D 2003A&A...412...45P
Syntax of fluxes (or magnitudes) is : "filter-name (System) flux-value [error] quality MultVarFlags bibcode"
  • filter-name : U, B, V, R, I, G, J, H, K, u, g, r, i, z
  • (System) : may be AB (default is Vega)
  • flux-value : value of flux or magnitude
  • [error] : error value
  • quality : flag of quality of the flux value ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • MultVarFlags : Mult is zero or one char (J) for joined photometry ; Var can be zero or two chars (V[0-4])
  • bibcode : bibcode of the flux reference
Fluxes (6) :
U 4.86 [0.03] D 2007ApJS..173..185G
B 4.36 [0.02] D 2007ApJS..173..185G
V 3.44 [0.03] D 2007ApJS..173..185G
J 2.094 [0.016] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
H 1.283 [0.017] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
K 0.984 [0.017] C 2006AJ....131.1163S
SIMBAD within arcmin
', {sourceSize:12, color:'#30a090'})); aladin.on('objectClicked', function(object) { var objName=object.data.MAIN_ID; aladin.showPopup(object.ra,object.dec,'',''+ objName+''); });" title="Show Simbad objects"> Overlay Simbad points in this preview
Back
All CDSPortal (CDSPortal)
Send to sendBySAMP sendBySAMP
sedIcon
within arcsec The VizieR photometry tool allows for easy visualization of photometry points extracted around the Simbad position from photometry-enabled catalogues in VizieR.
The search radius has to be specified by the user. It is currently limited to a maximum of 30 arcsec. It depends mostly on the precision or quality of the coordinates (SIMBAD and VizieR catalogs), the resolution of the images from which the sources were extracted, source extent, and source crowding.
Suggestions are: crowded field: 0.5 to 1.5 arcsec, 3 arcsec otherwise; uncertain coordinates (SIMBAD quality E or coordinates without reference): 5 to 30 arsec (risky!). sed-help-icon
Some important notes on this object about identifications and objects associations.
notes:

Hierarchy : number of linked objects
whatever the membership probability is (see description here ) :

: 3
The count displayed here is the number of children objects.
The list obtained by clicking the button may be larger, as some children may be linked with different references or probability.

%This number is the number of distinct objets linked, by using this button, you will obtain all links (may be more than one) from that object to his children

: 19219 		: 102 Display criteria :

The link on the acronym of the identifiers give access to the information for this acronym in the dictionary of nomenclature.
Identifiers (39) :
An access of full data is available using the icon Vizier near the identifier of the catalogue

M 31 IRAS F00400+4059 NAME And Nebula Z 535-17
AG+40 60 IRAS 00400+4059 NAME Andromeda Nebula Z 0040.0+4100
BD+40 148 IRC +40013 NGC 224 [DGW65] 4
2C 56 K79 1C PLX 124.00 [M98c] 004000.1+405943
DA 21 LEDA 2557 PLX 124 [VV2000c] J004244.3+411610
2FGL J0042.5+4114 2MASX J00424433+4116074 PPM 43228 [VV2003c] J004244.3+411610
3FGL J0042.5+4117 2MAXI J0043+412 RAFGL 104 [VV2006] J004244.3+411610
4FGL J0043.2+4114 MCG+07-02-016 UGC 454 [VV2010] J004244.3+411610
GIN 801 NAME Andromeda UZC J004244.3+411608 [VV98c] J004245.1+411622
HD 3969 NAME Andromeda Galaxy XSS J00425+4102

References (12647 between 1850 and 2024) (Total 12647)
Simbad bibliographic survey began in 1850 for stars (at least bright stars) and in 1983 for all other objects (outside the solar system).
Follow new references on this object
                Reference summaries :

                from: to:

                 or select by : (not exhaustive, explanation here)

Collections of Measurements


velocities : 9    distance : 14    PLX : 1    PM : 1   

   

Observing logs


herschel : 21    ISO : 156    IUE : 15    XMM : 22   

   

External archives :

Archive data at HEASARC - High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center

Data at NED - NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database : M 31

Link by name to the catalogue in VizieR :

AG+40 60 BD+40 148 HD 3969 IRAS F00400+4059 IRAS 00400+4059
IRC +40013 2MASX J00424433+4116074 NGC 224 PLX 124 PPM 43228
RAFGL 104 UGC 454

Search by coordinates in Vizier (radius: 30 arcsec)

Annotations :
Annotations allow a user to add a note or report an error concerning the astronomical object and its data. It requires registration to post a note. See description .
Please, have a look at Best practices. The list of all annotations to SIMBAD objects can be found here .

Currently no annotations available

add an annotation to this object

report an error concerning the data of this object

To bookmark this query, right click on this link: simbad:objects in 2012A&A...546A...4T and select 'bookmark this link' or equivalent in the popup menu