2022A&A...660A..89R

Query : 2022A&A...660A..89R

2022A&A...660A..89R - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 660A, 89-89 (2022/4-1)

A VLT/FLAMES survey for massive binaries in Westerlund 1. VIII. Binary systems and orbital parameters.

RITCHIE B.W., CLARK J.S., NEGUERUELA I. and NAJARRO F.

Abstract (from CDS):


Context. The galactic cluster Westerlund 1 contains a rich population of evolved, massive stars. A high binary fraction has been inferred from previous multi-wavelength observations.
Aims. We use multi-epoch spectroscopy of a large sample of early-type stars in Westerlund 1 to identify new binaries and binary candidates in the cluster.
Methods. VLT/FLAMES was used with the GIRAFFE spectrograph in HR21 mode to obtain spectra of ∼100 OB stars over a 14-month baseline in 2008 and 2009, supplemented with follow-up observations in 2011 and 2013. Radial velocities were obtained from strong Paschen series absorption lines in the I-band.
Results. We identify 20 new OB I-III binaries, a WN9h binary, and a WC9d binary, greatly increasing the number of directly confirmed binary systems in Westerlund 1, while 12 O9-9.5 Iab-III stars are identified as candidate binaries based on radial velocity changes that are inconsistent with photospheric variability. The 173.9 day SB1 W1030 represents the first longer-period system identified in the cluster, while the determination of a 53.95 day period for W44 (WR L) makes it the first Wolf-Rayet binary in Westerlund 1 with a confirmed orbital period greater than ten days. Our results suggest the binary fraction in the OB population is at least ∼40%, and may be significantly higher.
Conclusions. These results demonstrate that binary systems can be effectively identified in the population of OB I-III stars evolving off the main sequence in Westerlund 1. Future multi-epoch surveys will be able to fully characterise this population.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2022

Journal keyword(s): stars: evolution - supergiants - binaries: general - techniques: radial velocities

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/660/A89): table5.dat table6.dat tablea1.dat>

CDS comments: Clark et al. 2011 , A&A , 531 , A2 is a misprint for Clark et al. 2011A&A...531A..28C.

Simbad objects: 144

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Number of rows : 144
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7062 0
2 RMC 136 Cl* 05 38 42.396 -69 06 03.36   5.81 5.40     ~ 2018 2
3 HD 94878 EB* 10 55 58.9149262296 -60 23 33.436864428 8.67 9.37 8.70 8.07   B0/2eq 154 0
4 V* V889 Cen El* 13 26 59.8293556824 -62 01 49.329912828 12.71 12.81 11.66 11.27   O4f+_+_O6/7:(f:) 27 0
5 WR 77aa WR* 16 46 46.2846745152 -45 47 58.260872472       15.516 13.063 WC9d 15 0
6 2MASS J16464919-4553101 ** 16 46 49.2037087570 -45 53 10.119728580           O+O? 7 0
7 2MASS J16464964-4552530 ** 16 46 49.6452986232 -45 52 53.050105704     18.887 16.589 14.406 O9-9.5II+O? 8 0
8 [CRN2020] W1003 * 16 46 52.3529709547 -45 52 03.414412762           O9-9.5 6 0
9 [RCN2009] W3002 s*b 16 46 54.24 -45 51 54.7   23.6 18.93 16.08 13.26 B0Iab 9 0
10 [B2007] J164654.45-455330.0 V* 16 46 54.4363733376 -45 53 30.082706088       17.408 14.975 O9-9.5III 7 0
11 [CRN2020] W1007 * 16 46 54.9451496836 -45 50 05.922759665           O9-9.5III 6 0
12 [CRN2020] W1008 * 16 46 55.4051552021 -45 51 54.264257045   23.1 19.73 17.11 14.40 O9.5II 6 0
13 [CRN2020] W1009 * 16 46 55.9148408544 -45 51 41.396374260   22.9 19.07 16.74 14.08 B0Ib 7 0
14 [CRN2020] W1010 ** 16 46 55.9730871275 -45 52 10.295916900           O+O? 5 0
15 [B2007] J164656.89-455204.4 ** 16 46 56.89 -45 52 04.4   22.5 19.14 17.141 14.917 O+O? 5 0
16 [CRN2020] W1012 * 16 46 56.9656657539 -45 50 55.973462936   23.8 20.36 17.78 14.97 O9-9.5III 6 0
17 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 86 * 16 46 57.1589551488 -45 50 09.938630292   22.9 18.76 16.43 14.00 O9.5Ib 11 0
18 [CRN2020] W1013 ** 16 46 57.6979466592 -45 52 30.853226244           O+O? 7 0
19 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 373 s*b 16 46 57.7255119168 -45 53 20.035273668       14.741 12.318 B0Iab 12 0
20 [CRN2020] W1014 * 16 46 57.8213884200 -45 51 19.803907188   23.3 19.58 17.40 15.03 O9-9.5III 7 0
21 [CRN2020] W1015 * 16 46 57.9755735779 -45 51 40.823836754   23.1 19.24 16.77 14.17 O9III 6 0
22 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 228b * 16 46 58.0541909424 -45 53 00.932401356           O9Ib 11 0
23 [CRN2020] W1016 * 16 46 58.1755594653 -45 52 47.029466369           O9-9.5III 6 0
24 [CMN2008] J164658.2-455056 s*b 16 46 58.2313040184 -45 50 56.923471680           O9.5Iab 9 0
25 2MASS J16465824-4550341 LP? 16 46 58.2461301672 -45 50 33.981308736   23.5 19.91 17.44 14.94 O9-9.5III 8 0
26 [CRN2020] W1019 * 16 46 58.3790969250 -45 51 48.948989487   23.8 20.33 17.86 15.32 O9-9.5III 6 0
27 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 55 s*b 16 46 58.4205093840 -45 51 31.294157724   21.6 18.030 15.283 12.758 B0Ia 17 0
28 [CRN2020] W1020 ** 16 46 58.5083345688 -45 52 27.253645284   21.8 18.45 16.38 14.19 O9-9.5+O? 7 0
29 [B2007] J164658.78-455431.9 V* 16 46 58.7770177032 -45 54 31.941132336     20.313 17.377 14.816 O9-9.5III 7 0
30 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 56b * 16 46 58.8667320511 -45 51 45.947165816   22.8 18.88 16.36 13.76 O9.5Ib 12 0
31 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 56a s*b 16 46 58.9489660320 -45 51 48.908566764   21.7 17.46 14.81 12.15 B1.5Ia 14 0
32 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 84 * 16 46 59.0490595608 -45 50 28.293859689   21.3 17.82 15.60 13.63 O9.5Ib 13 0
33 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 1 s*b 16 46 59.4000262680 -45 50 46.721009148   21.9 18.37 16.09 13.65 O9.5Iab 10 0
34 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 2 s*b 16 46 59.7175806088 -45 50 51.190946043   20.4 16.978 14.287 11.771 B2Ia 18 0
35 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN N WR* 16 46 59.9151721464 -45 55 25.670942256       16.9 13.0 WC9d 15 0
36 [B2007] J164659.93-455025.3 V* 16 46 59.9378046305 -45 50 25.533716514   23.0 19.48 17.206 14.818 O9.5II 6 0
37 [CRN2020] W1023 * 16 47 00.1465625314 -45 51 10.442832337           O9III 6 0
38 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 53 s*b 16 47 00.3870731784 -45 51 31.849633872   22.9 18.51 15.80 13.13 OBIa+OBIa 11 0
39 [CRN2020] W1025 ** 16 47 00.7733922009 -45 52 04.770262910   22.9 19.91 17.65 15.26 O+O? 6 0
40 [CRN2020] W1024 s*b 16 47 00.7896509926 -45 51 02.001132742   23.3 19.38 16.72 14.04 O9.5Iab 6 0
41 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN I WR* 16 47 00.8820136008 -45 51 20.517977916       17.336 14.340 WN8o 19 0
42 2MASS J16470103-4550069 s*b 16 47 01.0295784432 -45 50 06.914814072           O9.5Iab 8 0
43 [CRN2020] W1026 * 16 47 01.0339980005 -45 49 48.905400386           O9-9.5III 5 0
44 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 21 s*b 16 47 01.1124528826 -45 51 13.583454380   22.5 18.41 15.619 12.861 B0.5Ia 12 0
45 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 50b * 16 47 01.1722949256 -45 50 26.807447580   22.8 19.66 17.21 14.69 O9III 10 0
46 [CRN2020] W1028 * 16 47 01.3243744387 -45 51 38.186292483   23.9 20.76 17.98 15.29 O9-9.5III 5 0
47 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 57 s*b 16 47 01.3600091808 -45 51 45.804003408   20.7 16.877 13.83 11.13 B4Ia 20 0
48 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 232 s*b 16 47 01.41 -45 52 34.9   21.3 17.53 14.98 12.45 B0Iab 8 0
49 Cl* Westerlund 1 BKS H s*y 16 47 01.4269856784 -45 50 37.248841536   18.781 14.47 11.80 9.15 F3Ia+ 29 0
50 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 234 V* 16 47 01.44 -45 52 35.0       15.25 12.85 O9.5Ib 8 0
51 [CRN2020] W1029 * 16 47 01.4990079489 -45 49 50.216988313           O9-9.5III 6 0
52 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 78 s*b 16 47 01.5500127120 -45 49 57.922981500   21.0 17.413 14.621 12.04 B1Ia 13 0
53 [RCN2009] W3005 s*b 16 47 01.6814988264 -45 52 58.067536008       15.393 12.966 O9.5Iab 14 0
54 [CRN2020] W1031 * 16 47 01.8269351697 -45 50 56.299811948           O9III 5 0
55 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 52 s*b 16 47 01.8449474352 -45 51 29.434394880   21.8 17.876 14.745 12.065 B1.5Ia 13 0
56 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 49 s*b 16 47 01.9027544712 -45 50 31.660433592   22.6 18.76 16.392 13.638 B0Iab 14 0
57 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 24 s*b 16 47 02.1561069816 -45 51 12.581922276   23.0 18.71 15.96 13.24 O9Iab 19 0
58 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 12 s*y 16 47 02.2214295629 -45 50 58.987616665   22.0 17.575 13.611 10.42 A5Ia+ 27 0
59 [CRN2020] W1032 * 16 47 02.2741179648 -45 50 17.769718752   24.0 21.18 18.01 15.38 O9-9.5III 7 0
60 2MASS J16470235-4552340 * 16 47 02.3682085812 -45 52 34.343069997   22.6 18.96 16.43 13.81 O9-9.5I-III 8 0
61 Cl Westerlund 1 Cl* 16 47 02.4 -45 51 07           ~ 566 0
62 [CRN2020] W1034 s*b 16 47 02.5294508952 -45 51 48.420453636   22.5 18.69 16.34 13.85 O9.5Iab 7 0
63 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 23a s*b 16 47 02.5776330614 -45 51 08.902293204   22.1 18.316 14.986 12.081 B2Ia+B:I? 18 0
64 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 47 s*b 16 47 02.64 -45 51 17.6   22.7 19.95 16.36 13.68 O9.5Iab 6 0
65 [CRN2020] W1035 * 16 47 02.6448847993 -45 51 51.142275839   23.5 19.56 17.15 14.54 O9-9.5III 5 0
66 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 41 s*b 16 47 02.7105467198 -45 50 56.972033345   21.3 17.87 15.39 12.78 O9Iab 16 0
67 [CMN2008] C07-X4 s*b 16 47 02.7825906073 -45 52 12.594272925   23.5 19.29 16.69 14.09 O9.5Iab 8 0
68 [CRN2020] W1037 * 16 47 02.8479618969 -45 50 06.453433235   24.0 19.62 17.00 14.41 O9.5II 6 0
69 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 38 s*b 16 47 02.8628531323 -45 50 46.145964246   23.2 19.10 16.47 13.81 O9Iab 12 0
70 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 6b * 16 47 02.9390384334 -45 50 22.480676456   23.6 20.20 17.91 15.25 O9.5III 10 0
71 WR 77f WR* 16 47 02.9772955944 -45 50 19.713734556   21.552 17.792 15.035 12.508 WNL/BIa+ 33 0
72 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 6a s*b 16 47 03.0477797919 -45 50 23.748131606   22.2 18.41 15.80 13.16 B0.5Iab 19 0
73 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 237 s*r 16 47 03.1097130192 -45 52 18.960733164   22.8 19.008 13.634 9.19 M3I 29 0
74 WR 77g WR* 16 47 03.15 -45 50 43.8     19     WC8 16 0
75 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 10 s*b 16 47 03.3405625992 -45 50 34.603317456   22.720 18.516 15.257   O9.5/B0.5Iae 18 0
76 [CRN2020] W1038 * 16 47 03.4982835699 -45 48 57.263241946           O9III 5 0
77 [CRN2020] W1039 s*b 16 47 03.4991875874 -45 49 21.724336562           B1Ia 7 0
78 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 43a s*b 16 47 03.5568442836 -45 50 57.728053296   22.8 18.05 15.22 12.26 B0Ia 14 0
79 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 65 * 16 47 03.8973039959 -45 51 46.495252717   22.9 18.73 16.27 13.68 O9Ib 12 0
80 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 46a s*b 16 47 03.9147803107 -45 51 19.743263385   23.0 18.55 15.537 12.499 B1Ia 17 0
81 WR 77i WR* 16 47 03.9628130472 -45 51 37.672066152     19.79 16.906 13.949 WC9d 17 0
82 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN G WR* 16 47 04.0152346631 -45 51 25.019757928   22.7 20.87 17.75 14.68 WN7o 22 0
83 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 30 ** 16 47 04.1126936513 -45 50 39.164057275   22.4 18.45 15.80 13.20 O4-5Ia+ 23 0
84 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 60 s*b 16 47 04.1335644720 -45 51 52.259535324   22.8 18.50 16.041 13.384 B0Iab 19 0
85 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 9 WR* 16 47 04.1419806984 -45 50 31.311670632   21.8 17.47 14.47 11.74 sgB[e] 52 0
86 WR 77k WR* 16 47 04.2072122904 -45 51 07.177760892   22.6 18.86 15.61 12.52 WN7 27 0
87 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN H WR* 16 47 04.2489212873 -45 51 20.211867845           WC9d 15 0
88 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 34 s*b 16 47 04.3941837044 -45 50 47.222852634   22.1 18.15 15.40 12.69 B0Ia 11 0
89 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN C WR* 16 47 04.4125871144 -45 51 03.606604135           WC9d 16 0
90 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 238 s*b 16 47 04.4263582176 -45 52 27.788277972   21.4 17.820 14.98 12.45 B1Iab 16 0
91 [B2007] J164704.55-455008.5 V* 16 47 04.5264523844 -45 50 08.944546740   21.9 18.89 16.37 13.76 O9-9.5I-III 8 0
92 [CRN2020] W1041 s*b 16 47 04.56 -45 51 09.4           O9.5Iab 4 0
93 [CRN2020] W1043 * 16 47 04.5641198378 -45 50 59.466200077   23.3 20.17 17.39 14.53 O9.5II-III 6 0
94 [B2007] J164704.69-455206.8 LP? 16 47 04.6861300696 -45 52 06.751201957   22.8 19.17 16.899 14.405 O9.5II 6 0
95 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 8 s*y 16 47 04.7959778348 -45 50 25.013789709   19.9 15.913 12.64 9.89 F8Ia+ 22 0
96 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 8b s*b 16 47 04.95 -45 50 26.7           B1.5Ia 10 0
97 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 36 s*b 16 47 05.0826653568 -45 50 55.155662808   22.8 18.89 16.09 13.38 OBIa+OBIa 12 0
98 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 27 s*b 16 47 05.1550269480 -45 50 41.418677508   21.5 17.94 15.35 12.80 O9I+OI 13 0
99 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN F WR* 16 47 05.2114579896 -45 52 24.985725096   21.7 17.86 15.39 12.90 WC9d 31 0
100 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN B WR* 16 47 05.3717585660 -45 51 04.811705369     20.99 17.50 14.37 WN7o 30 0
101 2MASS J16470540-4550367 s*r 16 47 05.4076906176 -45 50 36.617071668   22.1 16.79 12.63 9.19 M2-5Ia 36 0
102 [CRN2020] W1044 * 16 47 05.5613992540 -45 49 51.590056059   24.1 20.28 17.85 15.36 O9-9.5III 6 0
103 [CRN2020] W1045 * 16 47 05.8254722805 -45 51 55.018111865   23.2 19.77 17.20 14.49 O9.5II 5 0
104 [CRN2020] W1046 ** 16 47 06.0028257432 -45 49 56.940210444   22.5 18.87 16.59 14.19 O+O? 7 0
105 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 37 * 16 47 06.0112607572 -45 50 47.478171168   22.8 19.11 16.40 13.65 O9Ib 8 0
106 Cl* Westerlund 1 CN E WR* 16 47 06.0667110144 -45 52 08.266249200     18.379 15.675 12.940 WC9 23 0
107 [CRN2020] W1047 * 16 47 06.1168390416 -45 52 32.246125752   22.1 18.93 16.58 14.03 O9.5II 7 0
108 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 17 s*b 16 47 06.2490500592 -45 50 49.292687328   22.7 18.87 16.19 13.56 O9Iab 18 0
109 2MASS J16470625-4551042 s*b 16 47 06.2605539440 -45 51 03.954008939   23.8 20.50 17.150 14.065 B1.5Ia 8 0
110 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 265 s*y 16 47 06.2785465416 -45 49 23.774098692   22.0 17.739 13.62 10.54 F1-5Ia+ 26 0
111 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 13 WR* 16 47 06.4540771320 -45 50 26.072579796   21.1 17.19 14.63 12.06 WNL/BIa+ 35 0
112 WR 77s WR* 16 47 06.5427725380 -45 50 39.068951194   23.7 19.81 16.98 13.99 WN6o 16 0
113 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 16 sg* 16 47 06.6158603112 -45 50 42.186706944   20.5 16.248 12.82 9.90 A5Ia+ 29 0
114 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 15 * 16 47 06.6306037464 -45 50 29.723762580   22.8 18.96 16.38 13.75 O9Ib 26 0
115 2MASS J16470667-4547384 s*b 16 47 06.6726520752 -45 47 38.465045304   22.1 18.250 14.919 12.05 B1-2Ia+ 8 0
116 [CRN2020] W1050 * 16 47 06.7733365333 -45 49 55.292363736   23.1 19.52 16.97 14.44 O9.5II 6 0
117 [CRN2020] W1052 * 16 47 07.0056359596 -45 52 55.994530523           O9III 6 0
118 [B2007] J164707.01-454940.1 * 16 47 07.01 -45 49 40.1       16.702 13.938 O9III 7 0
119 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 74 s*b 16 47 07.0783996992 -45 50 13.086504168       15.835 13.312 O9.5Iab 15 0
120 AP J16470737-4548501 LP? 16 47 07.3753387632 -45 48 50.104603332           B0Ib 10 0
121 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 243 s*b 16 47 07.5040736160 -45 52 29.123491188   19.873 15.730     LBV 61 0
122 [CRN2020] W1054 * 16 47 07.5839070152 -45 51 40.978488826           O9-9.5 6 0
123 2MASS J16470780-4551479 * 16 47 07.8203317464 -45 51 47.911549536       16.940 13.939 B0Ib(+O?) 9 0
124 WR 77sc WR* 16 47 08.3538521592 -45 50 45.414739212     19.69 16.59 13.68 WN7b 29 0
125 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 71 s*b 16 47 08.4584673360 -45 50 49.338181284   21.5 17.531 14.158 11.16 B2.5Ia 22 0
126 [CRN2020] W1057 s*b 16 47 08.67 -45 50 47.1   23.3 19.39 16.60 13.71 O9.5-B0Iab 4 0
127 2MASS J16470870-4551016 LP? 16 47 08.6927169224 -45 51 01.692195228   24.2 20.54 17.31 14.30 O9.5II 5 0
128 [CRN2020] W1058 * 16 47 08.9073559387 -45 51 24.591634218           O9III 6 0
129 2MASS J16470892-4549585 s*r 16 47 08.9198319768 -45 49 58.452357324     16.70     M4Ia 26 0
130 [CRN2020] W1059 * 16 47 09.0844285862 -45 53 20.615482427           O9III? 6 0
131 [CRN2020] W1060 * 16 47 09.18 -45 50 48.3   23.3 20.09 17.09 14.31 O9.5II 4 0
132 Cl* Westerlund 1 W 70 s*b 16 47 09.3836656992 -45 50 49.668960804   21.2 16.88 14.10 11.352 B3Ia 18 0
133 [CRN2020] W1061 * 16 47 09.7608863689 -45 50 40.265910136   23.9 20.91 18.16 15.42 O9-9.5III 6 0
134 [CRN2020] W1062 ** 16 47 10.6420707051 -45 50 46.468343839   23.6 20.03 17.48 14.90 O+O? 6 0
135 [CRN2020] W1063 * 16 47 10.7488769688 -45 49 47.888096016           O9III 7 0
136 [CMN2008] J164711.5-455000 s*b 16 47 11.5159397111 -45 49 59.878723928           O9.5Iab 7 0
137 [RCN2009] W3003 V* 16 47 11.6073210840 -45 49 22.478619972   23.1 19.08 16.211 13.314 B0Ib 12 0
138 [CRN2020] W1066 * 16 47 12.6202523184 -45 50 55.602652052           O9III 6 0
139 [RCN2009] W3004 s*b 16 47 13.3832726280 -45 49 10.636397724   23.2 18.93 15.960 12.990 B0Iab 11 0
140 [CRN2020] W1068 LP? 16 47 16.5501711008 -45 51 40.851635154           B0Ib 5 0
141 [CRN2020] W1069 s*b 16 47 24.24 -45 53 29.0           B5Ia+ 4 0
142 IRC +10420 pA* 19 26 48.0979492536 +11 21 16.758531216   13.98 11.66     F8Ia+e 477 0
143 V* V509 Cas LP* 23 00 05.1012218544 +56 56 43.350876312 8.01 6.68 5.13 3.96 3.11 G4_0 327 0
144 * rho Cas LP* 23 54 23.0325302520 +57 29 57.774737400 7.00 5.85 4.59 3.63 2.89 G2_0 383 0

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