2007ApJ...669..493W

Query : 2007ApJ...669..493W

2007ApJ...669..493W - Astrophys. J., 669, 493-518 (2007/November-1)

A combined Spitzer and Chandra survey of young stellar objects in the Serpens cloud core.

WINSTON E., MEGEATH S.T., WOLK S.J., MUZEROLLE J., GUTERMUTH R., HORA J.L., ALLEN L.E., SPITZBART B., MYERS P. and FAZIO G.G.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present Spitzer and Chandra observations of the nearby (∼260 pc) embedded stellar cluster in the Serpens cloud core. We observed, using Spitzer's IRAC and MIPS instruments, in six wavelength bands from 3 to 70 µm, to detect thermal emission from circumstellar disks and protostellar envelopes and to classify stars using color-color diagrams and SEDs. These data are combined with Chandra observations to examine the effects of circumstellar disks on stellar X-ray properties. Young diskless stars were also identified from their increased X-ray emission. We have identified 138 YSOs in Serpens: 22 Class 0/I, 16 flat-spectrum, 62 Class II, 17 transition disk, and 21 Class III stars; 60 of these exhibit X-ray emission. Our primary results are the following: (1) 10 protostars detected previously in the submillimeter are detected at λ<24 µm, seven at λ<8 µm; (2) the protostars are more closely grouped than more evolved YSOs (median protostar separation ∼0.024 pc); and (3) the luminosity and temperature of the X-ray-emitting plasma around these YSOs do not show any significant dependence on evolutionary class. We combine the infrared-derived values of AK and X-ray values of NH for eight Class III objects and find that the column density of hydrogen gas per magnitude of extinctions is less than half the standard interstellar value, for AK>1. This may be the result of grain growth through coagulation and/or the accretion of volatiles in the Serpens cloud core.

Abstract Copyright: ∼

Journal keyword(s): Stars: Circumstellar Matter - Infrared: Stars - Stars: Pre-Main-Sequence - X-Rays: Stars

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/669/493): table3.dat table4.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 3: [WMW2007] NNN N=137 among (Nos 1-225).

Simbad objects: 154

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Number of rows : 154
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NGC 1333 OpC 03 29 11.3 +31 18 36           ~ 1450 1
2 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.7 +32 09 32           ~ 1392 1
3 NAME Orion Nebula Cluster OpC 05 35.0 -05 29           ~ 2331 0
4 NAME sig Ori Cluster OpC 05 38 42 -02 36.0           ~ 567 0
5 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3631 1
6 GUM 53 HII 16 40 00.1 -48 51 45           ~ 95 1
7 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 14414 0
8 2MASS J18290427+0118387 Y*O 18 29 04.277 +01 18 38.75           ~ 1 0
9 2MASS J18290581+0113228 Y*O 18 29 05.8085025576 +01 13 22.546340364           ~ 1 0
10 2MASS J18290819+0105444 Y*O 18 29 08.1889605984 +01 05 44.452637088           K6.5 10 0
11 2MASS J18291302+0107007 Y*O 18 29 13.0304500752 +01 07 00.689877192           M3.5 5 0
12 2MASS J18291434+0107299 Y*O 18 29 14.3415394248 +01 07 29.726482728           M4.0 9 0
13 2MASS J18291636+0108216 Y*O 18 29 16.3520622288 +01 08 21.442352028           ~ 2 0
14 2MASS J18291888+0114174 Y*O 18 29 18.886 +01 14 17.48           ~ 4 0
15 2MASS J18292043+0121036 Y*O 18 29 20.433 +01 21 03.61           M0.5 9 0
16 2MASS J18292108+0124067 Y*O 18 29 21.0895041024 +01 24 06.567415632           ~ 1 0
17 ATO J277.3446+01.1757 Y*O 18 29 22.7208806640 +01 10 32.911664592   18.0   15.1   K7.5 10 0
18 [GFM2007] 6 Y*O 18 29 29.80 +01 21 57.4           ~ 4 0
19 2MASS J18293165+0115054 Y*O 18 29 31.6588477776 +01 15 05.435776944           ~ 1 0
20 IRAS 18269+0116 Y*O 18 29 31.9758302760 +01 18 42.616775520           K6.5 39 0
21 [WMW2007] 75 Y*O 18 29 32.24 +01 12 39.9           ~ 1 0
22 [SVS76] Ser 14 Y*O 18 29 33.0704323752 +01 17 16.480512312   17.9   15.0   G2.5 15 0
23 2MASS J18293338+0108242 Y*O 18 29 33.3826671552 +01 08 24.200536524           A7.0 15 0
24 2MASS J18293521+0113108 Y*O 18 29 35.2056757944 +01 13 10.990126920           M5.5 5 0
25 [KOB2004] 189 Y*O 18 29 37.5967620072 +01 11 17.267326980           M2.0 6 0
26 [KOB2004] 190 Y*O 18 29 37.6894518600 +01 11 29.812870716           M2.0 11 0
27 2MASS J18293818+0109173 Y*O 18 29 38.1915718752 +01 09 17.430042168           ~ 2 0
28 [WMW2007] 115 Y*O 18 29 38.59 +01 18 01.4           ~ 1 0
29 2MASS J18293987+0117559 Y*O 18 29 39.8713053528 +01 17 56.025241152           M1.5 13 0
30 ATO J277.4228+01.1271 Y*O 18 29 41.4745809408 +01 07 37.875767772           K2.5 19 0
31 2MASS J18294151+0110040 Y*O 18 29 41.5309336872 +01 10 04.248374772           M4.0 10 0
32 2MASS J18294217+0120209 Y*O 18 29 42.1761511152 +01 20 20.993169804           ~ 9 0
33 2MASS J18294234+0112019 Y*O 18 29 42.349 +01 12 01.97           M7.0 5 0
34 2MASS J18294393+0107208 Y*O 18 29 43.9382095272 +01 07 20.713142784           K7.0 15 0
35 IRAS 18271+0102 LP* 18 29 44.3147796336 +01 04 53.448202668           M9.0 14 0
36 2MASS J18294453+0113113 Y*O 18 29 44.53752 +01 13 11.3484           M4.5 14 0
37 2MASS J18294629+0110252 Y*O 18 29 46.2883417128 +01 10 25.324991580           M2.0 12 0
38 2MASS J18294702+0116267 Y*O 18 29 47.023 +01 16 26.77           ~ 13 0
39 2MASS J18294722+0107157 Y*O 18 29 47.2240203744 +01 07 15.730895388           M8.7 6 0
40 2MASS J18294723+0122346 Y*O 18 29 47.2327549368 +01 22 34.636921428   19.8   16.0   M2.5 8 0
41 [HL2013] 277.44847+01.07288 Y*O 18 29 47.6387738976 +01 04 22.066831524           ~ 7 0
42 SH 2-68 N Y*O 18 29 48.09 +01 16 45.0           ~ 137 1
43 [WM2000] S68Nc PoC 18 29 48.710 +01 16 57.00           ~ 8 0
44 2MASS J18294878+0113422 Y*O 18 29 48.787 +01 13 42.22           ~ 12 0
45 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1100 2
46 IRAS 18272+0114 Or* 18 29 49.13016 +01 16 20.6472           ~ 76 1
47 V* V370 Ser Or* 18 29 49.24584 +01 16 31.5480           ~ 31 0
48 2MASS J18294949+0112041 Y*O 18 29 49.4885356320 +01 12 04.197912084           ~ 1 0
49 2MASS J18294960+0117058 Y*O 18 29 49.602 +01 17 05.83           ~ 34 0
50 GCNM 23 Y*O 18 29 49.63 +01 15 21.9           ~ 273 2
51 SSTc2d J182949.6+011456 Y*O 18 29 49.70 +01 14 56.7           ~ 15 0
52 2MASS J18295053+0108580 Y*O 18 29 50.5399993584 +01 08 57.969237804           M4.5 5 0
53 2MASS J18295118+0113196 Y*O 18 29 51.186 +01 13 19.62           ~ 16 0
54 V* V371 Ser Or* 18 29 51.21240 +01 16 39.4860           ~ 119 1
55 2MASS J18295145+0109327 Y*O 18 29 51.4531819800 +01 09 32.765350428           M5.0 3 0
56 GBS-VLA J182952.22+011547.4 Y*O 18 29 52.20 +01 15 47.6           ~ 47 1
57 [GFM2007] 32 Y*O 18 29 52.20 +01 15 59.0           ~ 9 0
58 [ACA2003] Ser B 1 Y*O 18 29 52.85 +01 14 56.1           ~ 18 1
59 2MASS J18295310+0106177 Y*O 18 29 53.1059630208 +01 06 17.779050504           M4.5 10 0
60 2MASS J18295317+0112275 BD* 18 29 53.176 +01 12 27.55           L 16 0
61 2MASS J18295354+0113051 Y*O 18 29 53.5520163456 +01 13 05.177772516           ~ 9 0
62 2MASS J18295360+0117017 Y*O 18 29 53.6099956536 +01 17 01.730202216   19.7   16.6   M2.0 21 0
63 2MASS J18295384+0113305 Y*O 18 29 53.845 +01 13 30.58           ~ 14 0
64 2MASS J18295387+0112473 Y*O 18 29 53.870 +01 12 47.33           ~ 4 0
65 2MASS J18295409+0107108 Y*O 18 29 54.0952796088 +01 07 10.808245452           ~ 10 0
66 2MASS J18295452+0114469 Y*O 18 29 54.5185217904 +01 14 46.974838092           M8.0 10 0
67 2MASS J18295520+0113222 Y*O 18 29 55.200 +01 13 22.21           ~ 17 0
68 2MASS J18295536+0110340 Y*O 18 29 55.3611830520 +01 10 34.044079044           M5.0 8 0
69 2MASS J18295553+0108341 Y*O 18 29 55.536 +01 08 34.10           ~ 2 0
70 2MASS J18295571+0114315 Y*O 18 29 55.711 +01 14 31.50           ~ 39 0
71 2MASS J18295618+0110574 Y*O 18 29 56.1832123056 +01 10 57.457509132           K5.0 9 0
72 [WMW2007] 112 Y*O 18 29 56.28 +01 13 21.1           ~ 1 0
73 2MASS J18295635+0112180 Y*O 18 29 56.3551125576 +01 12 18.078171192           M8.5 11 0
74 2MASS J18295655+0112596 Y*O 18 29 56.553 +01 12 59.65           ~ 23 0
75 2MASS J18295667+0112393 Y*O 18 29 56.674 +01 12 39.32           ~ 20 0
76 HBC 672 Em* 18 29 56.8848005064 +01 14 46.304766672   17.6       K8.0 102 0
77 2MASS J18295696+0112478 Y*O 18 29 56.967 +01 12 47.83           M3.0 26 0
78 NAME Serpens Cluster As* 18 29 57 +01 14.4           ~ 65 0
79 NAME Serpens SMM 4 cor 18 29 57.1 +01 13 15           ~ 137 0
80 2MASS J18295741+0114503 Y*O 18 29 57.4127920080 +01 14 50.197813116           M2.0 17 0
81 HD 170545B Y*O 18 29 57.5757576552 +01 10 47.048389284   9.82 9.58     A1-A8V-IIIe 10 0
82 2MASS J18295760+0113004 Y*O 18 29 57.602 +01 13 00.42           ~ 36 3
83 HD 170545 ** 18 29 57.66 +01 10 53.6           B9V 17 0
84 2MASS J18295766+0113045 Y*O 18 29 57.661 +01 13 04.57           ~ 22 1
85 HD 170545A Y*O 18 29 57.6615650088 +01 10 53.561414136   8.617 8.470 8.96   A1-A3Ve 17 0
86 IRAS 18274+0112 Y*O 18 29 57.73680 +01 14 05.6940           M4: 139 2
87 2MASS J18295781+0115318 Y*O 18 29 57.816 +01 15 31.86           K2.0 22 0
88 2MASS J18295781+0112280 Y*O 18 29 57.819 +01 12 28.05           ~ 21 0
89 2MASS J18295784+0112379 Y*O 18 29 57.849 +01 12 37.90           ~ 23 0
90 2MASS J18295785+0112514 Y*O 18 29 57.858 +01 12 51.40           ~ 60 3
91 [EC92] 95 Y*O 18 29 57.893 +01 12 46.25           K1.0 73 3
92 2MASS J18295820+0115216 Y*O 18 29 58.2037073472 +01 15 21.610474308           K7.0 40 0
93 2MASS J18295844+0112502 Y*O 18 29 58.446 +01 12 50.21           ~ 11 0
94 2MASS J18295876+0114257 Y*O 18 29 58.765 +01 14 25.78           ~ 25 1
95 GCNM 115 Y*O 18 29 59.02 +01 12 24.9           ~ 14 0
96 2MASS J18295907+0111137 Y*O 18 29 59.075 +01 11 13.72           ~ 2 0
97 2MASS J18295913+0111200 Y*O 18 29 59.1300417000 +01 11 20.111697168           M5.0 13 0
98 CK 8 TT* 18 29 59.2453548960 +01 14 07.611180936   19.7   16.9   K7.5 31 0
99 NAME SERPENS SMM 3 Y*O 18 29 59.28 +01 14 01.7           ~ 101 1
100 SSTc2d J182959.3+011041 Y*O 18 29 59.38 +01 10 40.9           ~ 16 0
101 SSTc2d J182959.5+011159 cor 18 29 59.573 +01 11 58.39           ~ 25 0
102 [GFM2007] 61 Y*O 18 29 59.61 +01 14 12.3           ~ 5 0
103 SSTc2d J182959.9+011311 Y*O 18 29 59.92 +01 13 11.6           ~ 17 1
104 2MASS J18300009+0103057 Y*O 18 30 00.0853142328 +01 03 05.601914928           M2.0 9 0
105 2MASS J18300020+0114035 Y*O 18 30 00.206 +01 14 03.56           ~ 14 0
106 SSTc2d J183000.3+010944 Y*O 18 30 00.30 +01 09 44.7           ~ 12 0
107 NAME Serpens SMM 11 smm 18 30 00.3 +01 11 42           ~ 24 0
108 JCMTSE J183000.2+011251 Y*O 18 30 00.4 +01 12 50           ~ 53 0
109 CK 2 Y*O 18 30 00.618 +01 15 20.12           K5-M0III 52 0
110 2MASS J18300065+0113402 Y*O 18 30 00.6502197504 +01 13 40.174218912           M0.5 27 0
111 [ACA2003] Ser A 7 cor 18 30 00.68 +01 13 01.2           ~ 18 1
112 2MASS J18300091+0122036 Y*O 18 30 00.9121532400 +01 22 03.526994136           ~ 1 0
113 2MASS J18300111+0113242 Y*O 18 30 01.110 +01 13 24.24           ~ 14 0
114 2MASS J18300124+0115036 Y*O 18 30 01.245 +01 15 03.61           ~ 10 0
115 2MASS J18300153+0115150 Y*O 18 30 01.5335499336 +01 15 14.987965320           ~ 16 0
116 2MASS J18300168+0104430 Y*O 18 30 01.682 +01 04 43.02           ~ 7 0
117 [WMW2007] 118 Y*O 18 30 01.79 +01 18 59.8           ~ 1 0
118 [CED93] 8 smm 18 30 01.8 +01 15 07           ~ 18 0
119 2MASS J18300209+0113587 Y*O 18 30 02.095 +01 13 58.79           ~ 22 0
120 [WMW2007] 109 Y*O 18 30 02.31 +01 08 08.8           ~ 4 0
121 [GMM2009] Serpens 76 Y*O 18 30 02.480 +01 12 43.44           ~ 2 0
122 2MASS J18300274+0112280 Y*O 18 30 02.747 +01 12 28.06           ~ 28 2
123 2MASS J18300304+0119499 Y*O 18 30 03.0313571616 +01 19 49.595996676           ~ 1 0
124 2MASS J18300341+0116191 Y*O 18 30 03.4139489400 +01 16 19.094575296   18.9   15.0   M0.0 44 0
125 2MASS J18300359+0116408 Y*O 18 30 03.595 +01 16 40.87           ~ 8 0
126 2MASS J18300410+0106556 Y*O 18 30 04.103 +01 06 55.68           ~ 6 0
127 2MASS J18300491+0114393 Y*O 18 30 04.9153250976 +01 14 39.341792832           M5.0 15 0
128 2MASS J18300502+0112360 Y*O 18 30 05.022 +01 12 36.07           M9.0 13 0
129 2MASS J18300549+0114248 Y*O 18 30 05.4976746960 +01 14 24.747091260           M5.0 5 0
130 2MASS J18300610+0106170 Y*O 18 30 06.1030207776 +01 06 16.939699380   19.0   16.5   M1.0 14 0
131 2MASS J18300770+0112043 Y*O 18 30 07.708 +01 12 04.32           M2.5 16 0
132 2MASS J18300922+0117526 Y*O 18 30 09.2242803144 +01 17 52.466038260           M4.5 11 0
133 2MASS J18300944+0102470 Y*O 18 30 09.4476705576 +01 02 47.035470012           M3.5 10 0
134 2MASS J18301111+0112379 Y*O 18 30 11.1150601056 +01 12 38.044185408           M4.0 14 0
135 2MASS J18301329+0102488 Y*O 18 30 13.2950569704 +01 02 48.798753792           M4.0 10 0
136 2MASS J18301397+0108512 Y*O 18 30 13.9769366400 +01 08 51.337619052           M5.0 13 0
137 2MASS J18301442+0104061 Y*O 18 30 14.4386629776 +01 04 06.125788920           ~ 3 0
138 2MASS J18301680+0119169 Y*O 18 30 16.8014901528 +01 19 17.118453108           ~ 1 0
139 2MASS J18301699+0113074 Y*O 18 30 16.991 +01 13 07.47           ~ 8 0
140 2MASS J18301730+0121325 LP* 18 30 17.3015435136 +01 21 32.636690424           ~ 8 0
141 2MASS J18301818+0114167 Y*O 18 30 18.1870131528 +01 14 16.733300676           M0.0 16 0
142 [WMW2007] 181 Y*O 18 30 19.6125379680 +01 05 34.179692244           ~ 3 0
143 2MASS J18302240+0120439 Y*O 18 30 22.4033066856 +01 20 43.873119204           M1.0 13 0
144 2MASS J18302276+0113234 Y*O 18 30 22.7634828960 +01 13 23.474860932           ~ 2 0
145 2MASS J18302283+0116213 Y*O 18 30 22.8439586208 +01 16 21.276841188           ~ 1 0
146 2MASS J18302312+0120097 Y*O 18 30 23.1282765384 +01 20 09.614934276   19.5   16.8   M3.5 10 0
147 2MASS J18302343+0105045 Y*O 18 30 23.4360938784 +01 05 04.534833660           M4.5 13 0
148 2MASS J18302446+0119505 Y*O 18 30 24.4654268184 +01 19 50.566255464           A3.0 4 0
149 2MASS J18302768+0122348 Y*O 18 30 27.6867067560 +01 22 34.576141044           M5.0 3 0
150 2MASS J18303733+0116086 Y*O 18 30 37.3408890504 +01 16 08.652428148           ~ 3 0
151 2MASS J18304116+0113156 Y*O 18 30 41.1728047872 +01 13 15.611994480           M7.5 5 0
152 2MASS J18304449+0123303 Y*O 18 30 44.4937041648 +01 23 30.324276240           ~ 1 0
153 2MASS J18305370+0111206 Y*O 18 30 53.7224846016 +01 11 20.539253580           ~ 2 0
154 NAME Coronet Cluster Cl* 19 01 54 -36 57.2           ~ 94 1

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