SIMBAD references

We introduce the log(Hα/[SII]λλ6717+6731) versus log(Hα/[NII]λ6583) (S2N2) diagnostic diagram as a metallicity and ionization parameter indicator for HII regions in external galaxies. The location of HII regions in the S2N2 diagram was studied both empirically and theoretically. We found that, for a wide range of metallicities, the S2N2 diagram gives single-valued results in the metallicity-ionization parameter plane. We demonstrate that the S2N2 diagram is a powerful tool to estimate metallicities of high-redshift (z ∼ 2) HII galaxies. Finally, we derive the metallicity for 76 HII regions in M33 from the S2N2 diagram and calculate an O/H abundance gradient for this galaxy of -0.05 (±0.01) dex k/pc.