2008MNRAS.390.1437C

Query : 2008MNRAS.390.1437C

2008MNRAS.390.1437C - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 390, 1437-1452 (2008/November-2)

The kinematic footprints of five stellar streams in Andromeda's halo.

CHAPMAN S.C., IBATA R., IRWIN M., KOCH A., LETARTE B., MARTIN N., COLLINS M., LEWIS G.F., McCONNACHIE A., PENARRUBIA J., RICH R.M., TRETHEWEY D., FERGUSON A., HUXOR A. and TANVIR N.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present a spectroscopic analysis of five stellar streams (`A', `B', `Cr', `Cp' and `D') as well as the extended star cluster, EC4, which lies within Stream`C', all discovered in the halo of M31 from our Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope/MegaCam survey. These spectroscopic results were initially serendipitous, making use of our existing observations from the DEep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph mounted on the Keck II telescope, and thereby emphasizing the ubiquity of tidal streams that account for ∼70 per cent of the M31 halo stars in the targeted fields. Subsequent spectroscopy was then procured in Stream`C' and Stream`D' to trace the velocity gradient along the streams. Nine metal-rich ([Fe/H] ∼ -0.7) stars at vhel= -349.5km/s,σ_v,corr_ ∼ 5.1±2.5km/s are proposed as a serendipitous detection of Stream`Cr', with follow-up kinematic identification at a further point along the stream. Seven metal-poor ([Fe/H] ∼-1.3) stars confined to a narrow, 15 km/s velocity bin centred at vhel= -285.6, σ_v,corr_= 4.3+1.7–1.4 km/s represent a kinematic detection of Stream`Cp', again with follow-up kinematic identification further along the stream. For the cluster EC4, candidate member stars with average [Fe/H] ∼-1.4, are found at vhel= -282 suggesting it could be related to Stream`Cp'. No similarly obvious cold kinematic candidate is found for Stream`D', although candidates are proposed in both of two spectroscopic pointings along the stream (both at ∼ -400km/s). Spectroscopy near the edge of Stream`B' suggests a likely kinematic detection at vhel∼ -330, σ_v,corr_∼ 6.9km/s, while a candidate kinematic detection of Stream`A' is found (plausibly associated to M33 rather than M31) with vhel∼ -170, σ_v,corr_ = 12.5km/s. The low dispersion of the streams in kinematics, physical thickness and metallicity makes it hard to reconcile with a scenario whereby these stream structures as an ensemble are related to the giant southern stream. We conclude that the M31 stellar halo is largely made up of multiple kinematically cold streams.

Abstract Copyright: © 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 RAS

Journal keyword(s): stars: kinematics - galaxies: haloes - galaxies: individual: M31

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/MNRAS/390/1437): table1.dat stars.dat>

Nomenclature: Tables 2-5: [CII2008] JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s N=18+17+35+29. Tables 6-7: [CII2008] JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS.s N=12+4. Text, Table 1: NAME M31 Stream Ca (Nos Cr-Cp).

Simbad objects: 147

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Number of rows : 147
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 NGC 104 GlC 00 24 05.359 -72 04 53.20     4.09     ~ 3917 0
2 NAME Andromeda III G 00 35 33.8 +36 29 52     14.4     ~ 295 0
3 M 110 GiG 00 40 22.0572349992 +41 41 07.507220136   8.92 8.07     ~ 1309 1
4 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 12653 1
5 NAME Andromeda I G 00 45 39.8 +38 02 28   13.9 12.7     ~ 342 0
6 NAME Andromeda XI G 00 46 20.0 +33 48 05     17.5     ~ 122 0
7 NAME Andromeda XII G 00 47 27.0 +34 22 29     18.3     ~ 118 0
8 NAME Andromeda XIV G 00 51 35.0 +29 41 49     15.9     ~ 125 0
9 NAME Andromeda XIII G 00 51 51.0 +33 00 16     18.1     ~ 122 0
10 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 11152 1
11 NAME Andromeda IX G 00 52 53.0 +43 11 45     16.3     ~ 168 1
12 [CII2008] J005418.02+394332.4 * 00 54 18.02 +39 43 32.4     20.26   19.38 ~ 1 0
13 [CII2008] J005426.77+394558.2 * 00 54 26.77 +39 45 58.2     22.31   21 ~ 1 0
14 [CII2008] J005431.71+394454.1 * 00 54 31.71 +39 44 54.1     22.36   21.3 ~ 1 0
15 [CII2008] J005435.93+394359.2 * 00 54 35.93 +39 43 59.2     22.84   21.32 ~ 1 0
16 [CII2008] J005439.48+394505.4 * 00 54 39.48 +39 45 05.4     21.7   21 ~ 1 0
17 [CII2008] J005440.93+394308.8 * 00 54 40.93 +39 43 08.8     23.7   21.29 ~ 1 0
18 [CII2008] J005447.03+394425.9 * 00 54 47.03 +39 44 25.9     22.72   21.44 ~ 1 0
19 [CII2008] J005450.30+394336.5 * 00 54 50.30 +39 43 36.5     22.61   21.22 ~ 1 0
20 [CII2008] J005453.48+394311.3 * 00 54 53.48 +39 43 11.3     22.66   21.64 ~ 1 0
21 [CII2008] J005457.75+394332.5 * 00 54 57.75 +39 43 32.5     22.79   20.76 ~ 1 0
22 [CII2008] J005500.87+394337.5 * 00 55 00.87 +39 43 37.5     23   20.82 ~ 1 0
23 [CII2008] J005510.40+394658.7 * 00 55 10.40 +39 46 58.7     21.46   20.7 ~ 1 0
24 [CII2008] J005512.94+394350.3 * 00 55 12.94 +39 43 50.3     20.43   19.62 ~ 1 0
25 [CII2008] J005513.27+394319.4 * 00 55 13.27 +39 43 19.4     23.69   20.87 ~ 1 0
26 [CII2008] J005514.67+394452.5 * 00 55 14.67 +39 44 52.5     21.55   21 ~ 1 0
27 [CII2008] J005522.81+394525.5 * 00 55 22.81 +39 45 25.5     22.86   20.87 ~ 1 0
28 [CII2008] J005527.67+394325.5 * 00 55 27.67 +39 43 25.5     21.42   19.16 ~ 1 0
29 [CII2008] J005534.22+394251.8 * 00 55 34.22 +39 42 51.8     23.52   20.75 ~ 1 0
30 [CII2008] J005658.88+395008.3 * 00 56 58.88 +39 50 08.3     19.75   18.35 ~ 1 0
31 [CII2008] J005702.80+394756.0 * 00 57 02.80 +39 47 56.0     22.7   21.18 ~ 1 0
32 [CII2008] J005706.19+394949.9 * 00 57 06.19 +39 49 49.9     22.39   21.05 ~ 1 0
33 [CII2008] J005709.96+395232.5 * 00 57 09.96 +39 52 32.5     24.11   21.16 ~ 1 0
34 [CII2008] J005735.45+394942.4 * 00 57 35.45 +39 49 42.4     23.24   22.1 ~ 1 0
35 [CII2008] J005737.07+394750.2 * 00 57 37.07 +39 47 50.2     21.02   19.73 ~ 1 0
36 [CII2008] J005740.78+395055.2 * 00 57 40.78 +39 50 55.2     23.74   21.93 ~ 1 0
37 [CII2008] J005741.37+394833.1 * 00 57 41.37 +39 48 33.1     23.93   22.07 ~ 1 0
38 [CII2008] J005743.61+395113.5 * 00 57 43.61 +39 51 13.5     22.77   21.28 ~ 1 0
39 [CII2008] J005746.69+381143.0 * 00 57 46.69 +38 11 43.0     22.49   20.47 ~ 1 0
40 [CII2008] J005747.86+395035.0 * 00 57 47.86 +39 50 35.0     23.28   22.1 ~ 1 0
41 [CII2008] J005748.22+381148.6 * 00 57 48.22 +38 11 48.6     23.29   21.72 ~ 1 0
42 [CII2008] J005748.24+394836.6 * 00 57 48.24 +39 48 36.6     23   21.01 ~ 1 0
43 [CII2008] J005750.48+394909.6 * 00 57 50.48 +39 49 09.6     23.27   21 ~ 1 0
44 [CII2008] J005751.02+381125.4 * 00 57 51.02 +38 11 25.4     23.74   21.83 ~ 1 0
45 [CII2008] J005752.27+380834.6 * 00 57 52.27 +38 08 34.6     23.24   21.82 ~ 1 0
46 [CII2008] J005754.36+381226.8 * 00 57 54.36 +38 12 26.8     22.57   20.98 ~ 1 0
47 [CII2008] J005755.32+395125.7 * 00 57 55.32 +39 51 25.7     23.53   21.08 ~ 1 0
48 [CII2008] J005756.30+380618.1 * 00 57 56.30 +38 06 18.1     23.7   21.61 ~ 1 0
49 [CII2008] J005756.65+395048.5 * 00 57 56.65 +39 50 48.5     21.1   20.1 ~ 1 0
50 [CII2008] J005757.41+395143.2 * 00 57 57.41 +39 51 43.2     23.42   21.86 ~ 1 0
51 [CII2008] J005800.09+394833.5 * 00 58 00.09 +39 48 33.5     23.33   21.33 ~ 1 0
52 [CII2008] J005805.23+380841.4 * 00 58 05.23 +38 08 41.4     24.27   21.48 ~ 1 0
53 [CII2008] J005806.18+395115.1 * 00 58 06.18 +39 51 15.1     21.44   20.61 ~ 1 0
54 [CII2008] J005812.75+380524.6 * 00 58 12.75 +38 05 24.6     23.58   21.51 ~ 1 0
55 [CII2008] J005813.99+380618.1 * 00 58 13.99 +38 06 18.1     22.99   21.66 ~ 1 0
56 [CII2008] J005814.37+380300.4 * 00 58 14.37 +38 03 00.4     22.91   21.65 ~ 1 0
57 [CII2008] J005814.74+380300.8 * 00 58 14.74 +38 03 00.8     22.77   21.47 ~ 1 0
58 [CII2008] J005815.24+380301.3 * 00 58 15.24 +38 03 01.3     21.7   20.99 ~ 1 0
59 [CII2008] J005815.32+380309.7 * 00 58 15.32 +38 03 09.7     22.65   21.57 ~ 1 0
60 NAME M31-EC4 GlC 00 58 15.42 +38 03 02.0     18.84   17.77 ~ 27 0
61 [CII2008] J005815.47+380258.9 * 00 58 15.47 +38 02 58.9     22.41   20.92 ~ 1 0
62 [CII2008] J005815.94+380434.9 * 00 58 15.94 +38 04 34.9     22.78   21.73 ~ 1 0
63 [CII2008] J005815.99+380256.1 * 00 58 15.99 +38 02 56.1     22.75   21.3 ~ 1 0
64 [CII2008] J005816.00+380222.5 * 00 58 16.00 +38 02 22.5     22.06   20.41 ~ 1 0
65 [CII2008] J005817.12+380254.1 * 00 58 17.12 +38 02 54.1     22.49   20.86 ~ 1 0
66 [CII2008] J005817.16+380249.6 * 00 58 17.16 +38 02 49.6     22.68   21.09 ~ 1 0
67 [CII2008] J005818.62+380016.7 * 00 58 18.62 +38 00 16.7     24.18   20.6 ~ 1 0
68 [CII2008] J005819.68+380642.4 * 00 58 19.68 +38 06 42.4     23.5   21.11 ~ 1 0
69 [CII2008] J005820.25+375946.6 * 00 58 20.25 +37 59 46.6     23.84   21.65 ~ 1 0
70 [CII2008] J005821.87+380013.9 * 00 58 21.87 +38 00 13.9     22.87   21.06 ~ 1 0
71 [CII2008] J005822.02+380405.9 * 00 58 22.02 +38 04 05.9     23.39   21.84 ~ 1 0
72 [CII2008] J005823.15+375840.9 * 00 58 23.15 +37 58 40.9     22.26   21.1 ~ 1 0
73 [CII2008] J005824.32+380429.9 * 00 58 24.32 +38 04 29.9     20.43   19.71 ~ 1 0
74 [CII2008] J005825.71+380312.2 * 00 58 25.71 +38 03 12.2     23.74   21.53 ~ 1 0
75 [CII2008] J005829.49+380003.6 * 00 58 29.49 +38 00 03.6     23.37   21.75 ~ 1 0
76 [CII2008] J005832.37+375942.3 * 00 58 32.37 +37 59 42.3     23.14   21.75 ~ 1 0
77 [CII2008] J005834.09+375639.3 * 00 58 34.09 +37 56 39.3     21.33   20.81 ~ 1 0
78 [CII2008] J005841.07+375554.7 * 00 58 41.07 +37 55 54.7     24.16   21.91 ~ 1 0
79 [CII2008] J005842.74+380024.9 * 00 58 42.74 +38 00 24.9     23.98   21.44 ~ 1 0
80 [CII2008] J005843.46+380022.4 * 00 58 43.46 +38 00 22.4     22.84   20.86 ~ 1 0
81 [CII2008] J005844.18+380008.9 * 00 58 44.18 +38 00 08.9     23.02   21.46 ~ 1 0
82 [CII2008] J005847.15+375552.5 * 00 58 47.15 +37 55 52.5     23.38   21.83 ~ 1 0
83 NAME Pisces V G 00 59 29.8 +32 22 36     14.4     ~ 135 0
84 [CII2008] J010001.15+384442.5 * 01 00 01.15 +38 44 42.5     23.32   22.14 ~ 1 0
85 [CII2008] J010002.17+384718.9 * 01 00 02.17 +38 47 18.9     19.74   18.54 ~ 1 0
86 [CII2008] J010002.65+384611.4 * 01 00 02.65 +38 46 11.4     21.39   19.12 ~ 1 0
87 [CII2008] J010003.35+384638.3 * 01 00 03.35 +38 46 38.3     22.9   21.08 ~ 1 0
88 [CII2008] J010005.16+384444.3 * 01 00 05.16 +38 44 44.3     22.51   21.04 ~ 1 0
89 [CII2008] J010005.98+384508.8 * 01 00 05.98 +38 45 08.8     22.4   21.18 ~ 1 0
90 [CII2008] J010007.06+384541.5 * 01 00 07.06 +38 45 41.5     23.26   21.91 ~ 1 0
91 [CII2008] J010010.97+384813.5 * 01 00 10.97 +38 48 13.5     22.65   21.13 ~ 1 0
92 [CII2008] J010012.06+384741.6 * 01 00 12.06 +38 47 41.6     22.52   21.01 ~ 1 0
93 [CII2008] J010015.76+384600.4 * 01 00 15.76 +38 46 00.4     23.47   22.03 ~ 1 0
94 [CII2008] J010017.03+384540.0 * 01 00 17.03 +38 45 40.0     23.37   21.54 ~ 1 0
95 [CII2008] J010020.95+384543.5 * 01 00 20.95 +38 45 43.5     23.43   21.61 ~ 1 0
96 [CII2008] J010023.72+384544.2 * 01 00 23.72 +38 45 44.2     21.7   21.1 ~ 1 0
97 [CII2008] J010025.69+384717.5 * 01 00 25.69 +38 47 17.5     23.58   21.87 ~ 1 0
98 [CII2008] J010031.57+384449.2 * 01 00 31.57 +38 44 49.2     22.98   21.18 ~ 1 0
99 [CII2008] J010033.31+384736.2 * 01 00 33.31 +38 47 36.2     23.24   21.94 ~ 1 0
100 [CII2008] J010042.01+384457.3 * 01 00 42.01 +38 44 57.3     23.15   20.96 ~ 1 0
101 [CII2008] J010043.36+384632.3 * 01 00 43.36 +38 46 32.3     24.45   21.18 ~ 1 0
102 [CII2008] J010045.42+384738.4 * 01 00 45.42 +38 47 38.4     23.59   21.88 ~ 1 0
103 [CII2008] J010046.31+384636.4 * 01 00 46.31 +38 46 36.4     23.62   21.65 ~ 1 0
104 [CII2008] J010047.34+384613.4 * 01 00 47.34 +38 46 13.4     23.3   21.98 ~ 1 0
105 [CII2008] J010047.67+384653.0 * 01 00 47.67 +38 46 53.0     23.39   21.5 ~ 1 0
106 [CII2008] J010053.79+384758.1 * 01 00 53.79 +38 47 58.1     20.18   19.61 ~ 1 0
107 [CII2008] J010054.98+384422.9 * 01 00 54.98 +38 44 22.9     23.45   22.05 ~ 1 0
108 [CII2008] J010056.02+384519.6 * 01 00 56.02 +38 45 19.6     21.32   20.57 ~ 1 0
109 [CII2008] J010058.50+384659.7 * 01 00 58.50 +38 46 59.7     20.9   20.08 ~ 1 0
110 [CII2008] J010101.43+384630.6 * 01 01 01.43 +38 46 30.6     22.87   21.47 ~ 1 0
111 [CII2008] J010104.01+384843.0 * 01 01 04.01 +38 48 43.0     21.33   20.37 ~ 1 0
112 [CII2008] J010115.28+384702.7 * 01 01 15.28 +38 47 02.7     20.32   18.28 ~ 1 0
113 NAME Andromeda X G 01 06 33.70 +44 48 15.8     16.6     ~ 118 1
114 [CII2008] J010831.0+373021.6 * 01 08 31.0 +37 30 22     22.51   20.78 ~ 1 0
115 [CII2008] J010833.9+373247.0 * 01 08 33.9 +37 32 47     22.49   21.6 ~ 1 0
116 [CII2008] J010834.8+372919.1 * 01 08 34.8 +37 29 19     23.94   21.94 ~ 1 0
117 [CII2008] J010836.4+373400.4 * 01 08 36.4 +37 34 00     24.38   22 ~ 1 0
118 [CII2008] J010836.5+372516.6 * 01 08 36.5 +37 25 17     23.62   21.23 ~ 1 0
119 [CII2008] J010936.4+375243.4 * 01 09 36.4 +37 52 43     22.74   21.25 ~ 1 0
120 [CII2008] J010936.4+375257.4 * 01 09 36.4 +37 52 57     23.08   21.37 ~ 1 0
121 [CII2008] J010942.4+374747.7 * 01 09 42.4 +37 47 48     22.26   20.99 ~ 1 0
122 [CII2008] J010943.1+374133.4 * 01 09 43.1 +37 41 33     23.15   21.15 ~ 1 0
123 [CII2008] J010948.0+375128.1 * 01 09 48.0 +37 51 28     23.61   20.89 ~ 1 0
124 [CII2008] J010950.9+374320.3 * 01 09 50.9 +37 43 20     23.39   22.1 ~ 1 0
125 [CII2008] J010953.9+375218.1 * 01 09 53.9 +37 52 18     23.06   21.24 ~ 1 0
126 NAME Andromeda XV G 01 14 18.7 +38 07 03     14.6     ~ 112 0
127 NAME Andromeda II G 01 16 29.8 +33 25 09     11.7     ~ 378 0
128 [CII2008] J011811.4+361251.4 * 01 18 11.4 +36 12 51     22.41   21.08 ~ 1 0
129 [CII2008] J011830.2+362224.7 * 01 18 30.2 +36 22 25     22.71   21.4 ~ 1 0
130 [CII2008] J011831.2+361709.8 * 01 18 31.2 +36 17 10     22.38   20.83 ~ 1 0
131 [CII2008] J011832.0+361303.5 * 01 18 32.0 +36 13 04     22.16   20.7 ~ 1 0
132 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 5839 1
133 NAME Sagittarius Stream St* 02 22 +00.0           ~ 874 0
134 NGC 1023 AG? 02 40 24.0133575864 +39 03 47.663392896 10.91 10.35 9.35 7.83   ~ 660 2
135 NGC 1851 GlC 05 14 06.76 -40 02 47.6           ~ 1430 0
136 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 17438 0
137 NGC 6397 GlC 17 40 42.09 -53 40 27.6     5.17     ~ 1976 0
138 NGC 6553 GlC 18 09 15.68 -25 54 27.9   9.08       ~ 601 0
139 NAME SDG G 18 55 19.0 -30 32 43   4.5 3.6     ~ 2189 2
140 NAME M31 Stream D St* ~ ~           ~ 12 0
141 NAME M31 Stream Cp St* ~ ~           ~ 2 1
142 NAME M31 Stream A St* ~ ~           ~ 9 0
143 NAME M31 Stream B St* ~ ~           ~ 7 0
144 NAME M31 Stream Cr St* ~ ~           ~ 3 1
145 NAME M31 Stream C St* ~ ~           ~ 14 1
146 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 8394 0
147 NAME Orphan Stream St* ~ ~           ~ 253 0

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