SIMBAD references

As part of our work on nitrogen-rich ices, the IR spectra and band strengths used in a recent paper to identify and quantify radiation-induced changes in an N₂+H₂O ice near 15 K are examined, along with reports of (i) a chemical tracer for N₂+H₂O ices, (ii) a new IR feature of solid N₂, and (iii) a striking ¹⁵N isotopic enrichment. Problems are found for each IR band strength used and for each of the three claims made, to the extent that none are supported by the results presented to date. In contrast, new work presented here, combined with several older investigations, strongly supports the formation of di- and triatomic nitrogen oxides in irradiated N₂-rich ices. Observations and trends in the chemistry of N₂-rich icy solids are described, and conclusions are drawn. A considerable amount of material from previous chemical studies of N₂-rich systems, spanning more than a century, is brought together for the first time and used to examine the chemistry of N₂-rich ices in extraterrestrial environments. Needs are identified and suggestions made for future studies of N₂-rich interstellar and planetary ice analogs.