2020AJ....159..247D -
Astron. J., 159, 247-247 (2020/June-0)
California-Kepler Survey. IX. Revisiting the minimum-mass extrasolar nebula with precise stellar parameters.
DAI F., WINN J.N., SCHLAUFMAN K., WANG S., WEISS L., PETIGURA E.A., HOWARD A.W. and FANG M.
Abstract (from CDS):
We investigate a possible correlation between the solid surface density Σ of the minimum-mass extrasolar nebula (MMEN) and the host star mass M* and metallicity [Fe/H]. Leveraging on the precise host star properties from the California-Kepler Survey (CKS), we found that Σ=50–20+33gcm–2 (a/1 au)–1.75±0.07 (M*/M☉)1.04±0.22 100.22±0.05[Fe/H] for Kepler-like systems (1-4R⊕; a < 1 au). The strong M* dependence is reminiscent of previous dust continuum results that the solid disk mass scales with M*. The weaker [Fe/H] dependence shows that sub-Neptune planets, unlike giant planets, form readily in lower metallicity environment. The innermost region (a < 0.1 au) of an MMEN maintains a smooth profile despite a steep decline of planet occurrence rate: a result that favors the truncation of disks by corotating magnetospheres with a range of rotation periods, rather than the sublimation of dust. The Σ of Kepler multitransiting systems shows a much stronger correlation with M* and [Fe/H] than singles. This suggests that the dynamically hot evolution that produced single systems also partially removed the memory of formation in disks. Radial-velocity planets yielded a MMEN very similar to CKS planets; transit-timing-variation planets' postulated convergent migration history is supported by their poorly constrained MMEN. We found that lower mass stars have a higher efficiency of forming/retaining planets: for Sun-like stars, about 20% of the solid mass within ∼1 au are converted/preserved as sub-Neptunes, compared to 70% for late-K to early-M stars. This may be due to the lower binary fraction, lower giant-planet occurrence, or the longer disk lifetime of lower mass stars.
Abstract Copyright:
© 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Journal keyword(s):
Exoplanet formation
Simbad objects:
1
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