2022ApJ...930L..17E

Query : 2022ApJ...930L..17E

2022ApJ...930L..17E - Astrophys. J., 930, L17-L17 (2022/May-2)

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. Testing the Black Hole Metric.

EHT COLLABORATION, AKIYAMA K., ALBERDI A., ALEF W., ALGABA J.C., ANANTUA R., ASADA K., AZULAY R., BACH U., BACZKO A.-K., BALL D., BALOKOVIC M., BARRETT J., BAUBOCK M., BENSON B.A., BINTLEY D., BLACKBURN L., BLUNDELL R., BOUMAN K.L., BOWER G.C., BOYCE H., BREMER M., BRINKERINK C.D., BRISSENDEN R., BRITZEN S., BRODERICK A.E., BROGUIERE D., BRONZWAER T., BUSTAMANTE S., BYUN D.-Y., CARLSTROM J.E., CECCOBELLO C., CHAEL A., CHAN C.-K., CHATTERJEE K., CHATTERJEE S., CHEN M.-T., CHEN Y., CHENG X., CHO I., CHRISTIAN P., CONROY N.S., CONWAY J.E., CORDES J.M., CRAWFORD T.M., CREW G.B., CRUZ-OSORIO A., CUI Y., DAVELAAR J., DE LAURENTIS M., DEANE R., DEMPSEY J., DESVIGNES G., DEXTER J., DHRUV V., DOELEMAN S.S., DOUGAL S., DZIB S.A., EATOUGH R.P., EMAMI R., FALCKE H., FARAH J., FISH V.L., FOMALONT E., FORD H.A., FRAGA-ENCINAS R., FREEMAN W.T., FRIBERG P., FROMM C.M., FUENTES A., GALISON P., GAMMIE C.F., GARCIA R., GENTAZ O., GEORGIEV B., GODDI C., GOLD R., GOMEZ-RUIZ A.I., GOMEZ J.L., GU M., GURWELL M., HADA K., HAGGARD D., HAWORTH K., HECHT M.H., HESPER R., HEUMANN D., HO L.C., HO P., HONMA M., HUANG C.-W.L., HUANG L., HUGHES D.H., IKEDA S., IMPELLIZZERI C.M.V., INOUE M., ISSAOUN S., JAMES D.J., JANNUZI B.T., JANSSEN M., JETER B., JIANG W., JIMENEZ-ROSALES A., JOHNSON M.D., JORSTAD S., JOSHI A.V., JUNG T., KARAMI M., KARUPPUSAMY R., KAWASHIMA T., KEATING G.K., KETTENIS M., KIM D.-J., KIM J.-Y., KIM J., KIM J., KINO M., KOAY J.Y., KOCHERLAKOTA P., KOFUJI Y., KOCH P.M., KOYAMA S., KRAMER C., KRAMER M., KRICHBAUM T.P., KUO C.-Y., LA BELLA N., LAUER T.R., LEE D., LEE S.-S., LEUNG P.K., LEVIS A., LI Z., LICO R., LINDAHL G., LINDQVIST M., LISAKOV M., LIU J., LIU K., LIUZZO E., LO W.-P., LOBANOV A.P., LOINARD L., LONSDALE C.J., LU R.-S., MAO J., MARCHILI N., MARKOFF S., MARRONE D.P., MARSCHER A.P., MARTI-VIDAL I., MATSUSHITA S., MATTHEWS L.D., MEDEIROS L., MENTEN K.M., MICHALIK D., MIZUNO I., MIZUNO Y., MORAN J.M., MORIYAMA K., MOSCIBRODZKA M., MULLER C., MUS A., MUSOKE G., MYSERLIS I., NADOLSKI A., NAGAI H., NAGAR N.M., NAKAMURA M., NARAYAN R., NARAYANAN G., NATARAJAN I., NATHANAIL A., NAVARRO FUENTES S., NEILSEN J., NERI R., NI C., NOUTSOS A., NOWAK M.A., OH J., OKINO H., OLIVARES H., ORTIZ-LEON G.N., OYAMA T., OZEL F., PALUMBO D.C.M., PARASCHOS G.F., PARK J., PARSONS H., PATEL N., PEN U.-L., PESCE D.W., PIETU V., PLAMBECK R., POPSTEFANIJA A., PORTH O., POTZL F.M., PRATHER B., PRECIADO-LOPEZ J.A., PSALTIS D., PU H.-Y., RAMAKRISHNAN V., RAO R., RAWLINGS M.G., RAYMOND A.W., REZZOLLA L., RICARTE A., RIPPERDA B., ROELOFS F., ROGERS A., ROS E., ROMERO-CANIZALES C., ROSHANINESHAT A., ROTTMANN H., ROY A.L., RUIZ I., RUSZCZYK C., RYGL K.L.J., SANCHEZ S., SANCHEZ-ARGUELLES D., SANCHEZ-PORTAL M., SASADA M., SATAPATHY K., SAVOLAINEN T., SCHLOERB F.P., SCHONFELD J., SCHUSTER K.-F., SHAO L., SHEN Z., SMALL D., SOHN B.W., SOOHOO J., SOUCCAR K., SUN H., TAZAKI F., TETARENKO A.J., TIEDE P., TILANUS R.P.J., TITUS M., TORNE P., TRAIANOU E., TRENT T., TRIPPE S., TURK M., VAN BEMMEL I., VAN LANGEVELDE H.J., VAN ROSSUM D.R., VOS J., WAGNER J., WARD-THOMPSON D., WARDLE J., WEINTROUB J., WEX N., WHARTON R., WIELGUS M., WIIK K., WITZEL G., WONDRAK M.F., WONG G.N., WU Q., YAMAGUCHI P., YOON D., YOUNG A., YOUNG K., YOUNSI Z., YUAN F., YUAN Y.-F., ZENSUS J.A., ZHANG S., ZHAO G.-Y. and ZHAO S.-S.

Abstract (from CDS):

Astrophysical black holes are expected to be described by the Kerr metric. This is the only stationary, vacuum, axisymmetric metric, without electromagnetic charge, that satisfies Einstein's equations and does not have pathologies outside of the event horizon. We present new constraints on potential deviations from the Kerr prediction based on 2017 EHT observations of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*). We calibrate the relationship between the geometrically defined black hole shadow and the observed size of the ring-like images using a library that includes both Kerr and non-Kerr simulations. We use the exquisite prior constraints on the mass-to-distance ratio for Sgr A* to show that the observed image size is within ∼10% of the Kerr predictions. We use these bounds to constrain metrics that are parametrically different from Kerr, as well as the charges of several known spacetimes. To consider alternatives to the presence of an event horizon, we explore the possibility that Sgr A* is a compact object with a surface that either absorbs and thermally reemits incident radiation or partially reflects it. Using the observed image size and the broadband spectrum of Sgr A*, we conclude that a thermal surface can be ruled out and a fully reflective one is unlikely. We compare our results to the broader landscape of gravitational tests. Together with the bounds found for stellar-mass black holes and the M87 black hole, our observations provide further support that the external spacetimes of all black holes are described by the Kerr metric, independent of their mass.

Abstract Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Black holes - Kerr black holes

Simbad objects: 6

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Number of rows : 6
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7242 3
2 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 14524 0
3 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4414 3
4 [EG97] S2 * 17 45 40.0442 -29 00 27.975           B0/2V 376 1
5 GrW 190924 GWE ~ ~           ~ 4 0
6 GrW 170608 GWE ~ ~           ~ 115 0

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