KASCADE-Grande limits on the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray flux between 100 TeV and 1 EeV.
APEL W.D., ARTEAGA-VELAZQUEZ J.C., BEKK K., BERTAINA M., BLUMER J., BOZDOG H., BRANCUS I.M., CANTONI E., CHIAVASSA A., COSSAVELLA F., DAUMILLER K., DE SOUZA V., DI PIERRO F., DOLL P., ENGEL R., FENG Z., FUHRMANN D., GHERGHEL-LASCU A., GILS H.J., GLASSTETTER R., GRUPEN C., HAUNGS A., HECK D., HORANDEL J.R., HUEGE T., KAMPERT K.-H., KANG D., KLAGES H.O., LINK K., LUCZAK P., MATHES H.J., MAYER H.J., MILKE J., MITRICA B., MORELLO C., OEHLSCHLAGER J., OSTAPCHENKO S., PIEROG T., REBEL H., ROTH M., SCHIELER H., SCHOO S., SCHRODER F.G., SIMA O., TOMA G., TRINCHERO G.C., ULRICH H., WEINDL A., WOCHELE J., ZABIEROWSKI J. (The KASCADE-Grande Collaboration)
Abstract (from CDS):
KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande were multi-detector installations to measure individual air showers of cosmic rays at ultra-high energy. Based on data sets measured by KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande, 90% C.L. upper limits to the flux of gamma-rays in the primary cosmic ray flux are determined in an energy range of 1014–1018 eV. The analysis is performed by selecting air showers with a low muon content as expected for gamma-ray-induced showers compared to air showers induced by energetic nuclei. The best upper limit of the fraction of gamma-rays to the total cosmic ray flux is obtained at 3.7×1015 eV with 1.1×10–5. Translated to an absolute gamma-ray flux this sets constraints on some fundamental astrophysical models, such as the distance of sources for at least one of the IceCube neutrino excess models.
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Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
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[error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
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Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
(wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
[error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
quality : flag of quality
E ≥ 10"
D : 1-10" (and some old data)
C : 0.1-1"
B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
A : VLBI, Hipparcos
bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
FK4
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(ep=B1950 eq=1950) :
17 42 28.87566 -28 59 12.3570
[
]
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
(wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
[error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
quality : flag of quality
E ≥ 10"
D : 1-10" (and some old data)
C : 0.1-1"
B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
A : VLBI, Hipparcos
bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
Gal
coord.
(ep=J2000) :
359.94487501 -00.04391769
[
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