Two terrestrial planet families with different origins.
SWAIN M.R., ESTRELA R., SOTIN C., ROUDIER G.M. and ZELLEM R.T.
Abstract (from CDS):
The potentially important role of stellar irradiation in envelope removal for planets with diameters of 2 R⊕ has been inferred both through theoretical work and the observed bimodal distribution of small planet occurrence as a function of radius. We examined the trends for small planets in the three-dimensional radius-insolation-density space and found that the terrestrial planets divide into two distinct families based on insolation. The lower insolation family merges with terrestrial planets and small bodies in the solar system and is thus Earth-like. The higher insolation terrestrial planet family forms a bulk-density continuum with the sub-Neptunes, and is thus likely to be composed of remnant cores produced by photoevaporation. Based on the density-radius relationships, we suggest that both terrestrial families show evidence of density enhancement through collisions. Our findings highlight the important role that both photoevaporation and collisions have in determining the density of small planets.
Journal keyword(s):
planetary systems - planets and satellites: composition - planets and satellites: formation - planets and satellites: terrestrial planets
(Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref"
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Other object types:
*
(2017AJ,AP,...),
IR
(2MASSI,2MASSW),
LM*
(2000AJ),
PM*
(2006AJ),
NIR
(2MASS),
MIR
(WISEA)
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
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(wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
[error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
(wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
[error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
(wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
[error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
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References (998 between 1850 and 2024) (Total 998)
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