2022A&A...663A..20S

Query : 2022A&A...663A..20S

2022A&A...663A..20S - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 663A, 20-20 (2022/7-1)

Gas disk interactions, tides and relativistic effects in the rocky planet formation at the substellar mass limit.

SANCHEZ M.B., DE ELIA G.C. and DOWNES J.J.

Abstract (from CDS):


Context. The confirmed exoplanet population around very low mass stars is increasing considerable through data from the latest space missions and improvements in ground-based observations, particularly with the detection of Earth-like planets in the habitable zones. However, theoretical models need to improve in the study of planet formation and evolution around low-mass hosts.
Aims. Our main goal is to study the formation of rocky planets and the first 100 Myr of their dynamical evolution around a star with a mass of 0.08 M☉, which is close to the substellar mass limit.
Methods. We developed two sets of N-body simulations assuming an embryo population affected by tidal and general relativistic effects, refined by the inclusion of the spin-up and contraction of the central star. This population is immersed in a gas disk during the first 10 Myr. Each set of simulations incorporated a different prescription from the literature to calculate the interaction between the gas-disk and the embryos: one widely used prescription which is based on results from hydrodynamics simulations, and a recent prescription that is based on the analytic treatment of dynamical friction.
Results. We found that in a standard disk model, the dynamical evolution and the final architectures of the resulting rocky planets are strongly related with the prescription used to treat the interaction within the gas and the embryos. Its impact on the resulting close-in planet population and particularly on those planets that are located inside the habitable zone is particularly strong.
Conclusions. The distribution of the period ratio of adjacent confirmed exoplanets observed around very low mass stars and brown dwarfs and the exoplanets that we obtained from our simulations agrees well only when the prescription based on dynamical friction for gas-embryo interaction was used. Our results also reproduce a close-in planet population of interest that is located inside the habitable zone. A fraction of these planets will be exposed for a long period of time to the stellar irradiation inside the inner edge of the evolving habitable zone until the zone reaches them.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2022

Journal keyword(s): planets and satellites: terrestrial planets - planets and satellites: formation - stars: low-mass - planet-disk interactions - planet-star interactions - methods: numerical

Simbad objects: 1

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Number of rows : 1
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 TRAPPIST-1 LM* 23 06 29.3684948589 -05 02 29.037301866     18.798 16.466 14.024 M7.5e 1038 0

Query : 2022A&A...663A..20S

Basic data :
TRAPPIST-1 -- Low-mass Star
Origin of the objects types :

(Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref"
(acronym) Object type linked to the acronym according to the original reference
() Anterior to 2007, before we can link the objet type to a reference, or given by the CDS team in some particular cases

Other object types: 		* (2017AJ,AP,...), IR (2MASSI,2MASSW), LM* (2000AJ), PM* (2006AJ), NIR (2MASS), MIR (WISEA)
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
ICRS coord. (ep=J2000) : 		23 06 29.3684948589 -05 02 29.037301866 (Optical) [ 0.0616 0.0536 90 ] A 2020yCat.1350....0G
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
FK4 coord. (ep=B1950 eq=1950) : 		23 03 51.0524178632 -05 18 18.821987388 [ 0.0616 0.0536 90 ]
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
Gal coord. (ep=J2000) : 		069.7127808375832 -56.6446053686932 [ 0.0616 0.0536 90 ]
Syntax of proper motions is : "pm-ra pm-dec [error ellipse] quality bibcode"
  • pm-ra : mu-ra*cos(dec) (expressed in the ICRS system in mas/yr)
  • pm-dec : mu-dec (expressed in the ICRS system in mas/yr)
  • [error ellipse] : error major axis and minor axis (in mas), orientation angle (in deg)
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the proper motion reference
Proper motions mas/yr : 		930.788 -479.038 [0.087 0.070 90] A 2020yCat.1350....0G
Syntax of radial velocity (or/and redshift) is : "value [error] (wavelength) quality bibcode"
  • value : radial velocity or/and redshift (Heliocentric frame) according to your Output Options
    (redshift may be not displayed if the data value is <0 and the database inside value is a radial velocity)
  • [error] : error of the corresponding value displayed before
  • (wavelength) : wavelength range of the measurement : Rad, mm, IR, Opt, UV, Xray, Gam or  '∼'(unknown)
  • quality : flag of quality ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, ∼=unknown quality)
  • bibcode : bibcode of the value's origin
Radial velocity / Redshift / cz : 		V(km/s) -52.003101 [0.134416] / z(spectroscopic) -0.000173 [0.000000] / cz -52.00 [0.13]
   (NIR) A 2020AJ....160..120J
Syntax of parallax is : 'value quality [error] bibcode'
  • value : parallax value
  • quality : flag of quality (A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • [error] : mean error
  • bibcode : bibcode of the parallax reference
Parallaxes (mas): 		80.2123 [0.0716] A 2020yCat.1350....0G
Spectral type is made of 3 parts: %coding is composed of 4 parts :
  • the spectral type, which is made of a temperature class, eventually a luminosity class (roman number) and/or spectral peculiarities;
  • a quality letter: A=best quality→E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality %
  • a quality letter: A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality
  • bibcode : bibcode of the spectral type reference
Spectral type: 		M7.5e D 2000AJ....120.1085G
Syntax of fluxes (or magnitudes) is : "filter-name (System) flux-value [error] quality MultVarFlags bibcode"
  • filter-name : U, B, V, R, I, G, J, H, K, u, g, r, i, z
  • (System) : may be AB (default is Vega)
  • flux-value : value of flux or magnitude
  • [error] : error value
  • quality : flag of quality of the flux value ( A=best quality -> E=worst quality, {� } =unknown quality)
  • MultVarFlags : Mult is zero or one char (J) for joined photometry ; Var can be zero or two chars (V[0-4])
  • bibcode : bibcode of the flux reference
Fluxes (7) :
V 18.798 [0.082] C 2006AJ....132.1234C
R 16.466 [0.065] C 2006AJ....132.1234C
G 15.622554 [0.003093] C 2020yCat.1350....0G
I 14.024 [0.115] C 2006AJ....132.1234C
J 11.354 [0.022] C 2003yCat.2246....0C
H 10.718 [0.021] C 2003yCat.2246....0C
K 10.296 [0.023] C 2003yCat.2246....0C
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Identifiers (14) :
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2MASS J23062928-0502285 K2-112 2MUCD 12171 Gaia DR3 2635476908753563008
AP J23062928-0502285 Karmn J23064-050 TIC 278892590 Gaia DR2 2635476908753563008
EPIC 200164267 2MASSI J2306292-050227 TRAPPIST-1
EPIC 246199087 2MASSW J2306292-050227 WISEA J230630.02-050234.1

References (1038 between 1850 and 2024) (Total 1038)
Simbad bibliographic survey began in 1850 for stars (at least bright stars) and in 1983 for all other objects (outside the solar system).
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Collections of Measurements


velocities : 4    V* : 1    distance : 5    Fe_H : 1    PLX : 5    PM : 9    MK : 3   

   

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2MASS J23062928-0502285 AP J23062928-0502285 2MASSI J2306292-050227 WISEA J230630.02-050234.1 Gaia DR3 2635476908753563008
Gaia DR2 2635476908753563008

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