2023A&A...671A..29K

Query : 2023A&A...671A..29K

2023A&A...671A..29K - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 671A, 29 (2023/3-1)

To see or not to see a z ∼ 13 galaxy, that is the question Targeting the [C II] 158 μm emission line of HD1 with ALMA.

KAASINEN M., VAN MARREWIJK J., POPPING G., GINOLFI M., DI MASCOLO L., MROCZKOWSKI T., CONCAS A., DI CESARE C., KILLI M. and LANGAN I.

Abstract (from CDS):

Context. Determining when the first galaxies formed remains an outstanding goal of modern observational astronomy. Theory and current stellar population models imply that the first galaxies formed at least at z = 14 - 15. But to date, only one galaxy at z > 13 (GS-z13-0) has been spectroscopically confirmed.
Aims. The galaxy 'HD1' was recently proposed to be a z ∼ 13.27 galaxy based on its potential Lyman break and tentative [O III] 88 μm detection with ALMA. We hereby aim to test this scenario with new ALMA Band 4 observations of what would be the [C II] 158 μm emission if HD1 is at z ∼ 13.27.
Methods. We carefully analyse the new ALMA Band 4 observations and re-analyse the existing ALMA Band 6 data on the source to determine the proposed redshift.
Results. We find a tentative 4σ feature in the Band 4 data that is spatially offset by 1.​​″7 and spectrally offset by 190 km s–1 from the previously reported 3.8σ '[O III] 88 μm' feature. Through various statistical tests, we demonstrate that these tentative features are fully consistent with both being random noise features.
Conclusions. We conclude that we are more likely to be recovering noise features than both [O III] 88 μm and [C II] 158 μm emission from a source at z ∼ 13.27. Although we find no credible evidence of a z ∼ 13.27 galaxy, we cannot entirely rule out this scenario. Non-detections are also possible for a z ∼ 13 source with a low interstellar gas-phase metallicity or ionisation parameter and/or high gas density. Moreover, the new continuum and line upper limits provide no strong evidence for or against a lower-redshift scenario. Determining where and exactly what type of galaxy HD1 is, will now likely require JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2023

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: evolution - galaxies: high-redshift - galaxies: individual: HD1 - galaxies: ISM - techniques: interferometric

Simbad objects: 1

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Number of rows : 1
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2024 		#notes
1 [HIM2022] HD1 G? 10 01 51.31 +02 32 50.0           ~ 13 0

Query : 2023A&A...671A..29K

Basic data :
[HIM2022] HD1 -- Galaxy Candidate
Origin of the objects types :

(Ref) Object type as listed in the reference "Ref"
(acronym) Object type linked to the acronym according to the original reference
() Anterior to 2007, before we can link the objet type to a reference, or given by the CDS team in some particular cases

Other object types: 		G? ([HIM2022])
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
ICRS coord. (ep=J2000) : 		10 01 51.31 +02 32 50.0 (Near-IR) [ ] D 2022ApJ...929....1H
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
FK4 coord. (ep=B1950 eq=1950) : 		09 59 16.02 +02 47 19.1 [ ]
Syntax of coordinates is : "ra dec (wtype) [error ellipse] quality bibcode" :
  • ra dec : right ascension and declination (unit and frame defined according to your Output Options)
    Grey values are increasing the original precision due to the computation of frame transformations
  • (wtype) : wavelength class for the origin of the coordinates (Rad, mm, IR, Optical, UV, Xray, Gam)
  • [error ellipse] : measurement uncertainty, on (ra,dec) if the positional angle is 90 degrees, on (majaxis,minaxis) otherwise (in mas at defined epoch in the original catalogue),
    position angle (in degrees North celestial pole to East)
  • quality : flag of quality
    • E ≥ 10"
    • D : 1-10" (and some old data)
    • C : 0.1-1"
    • B : 0.01-0.1" + 2MASS, Tyc
    • A : VLBI, Hipparcos
  • bibcode : bibcode of the coordinates reference
Gal coord. (ep=J2000) : 		236.71598 +42.60011 [ ]
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[HIM2022] HD1

References (13 between 1850 and 2024) (Total 13)
Simbad bibliographic survey began in 1850 for stars (at least bright stars) and in 1983 for all other objects (outside the solar system).
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